Research Article
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The Relationship between Maternal Emotional Dysregulation and Attachment Style and Psychiatric Disorder in the Child

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 346 - 352, 21.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.33631/sabd.1309317

Abstract

Aim: In this study, we aimed to compare the attachment styles and emotion regulation difficulties of mothers of adolescents with psychiatric disorders and mothers of healthy adolescents.
Material and methods: In this case-control study, the DSM-5 diagnostic system was used for psychiatricdiagnoses of adolescents, the Difficulties in Emotion RegulationScale-Short Form (DERS-S) to measure mothers' emotional dysregulation levels, and the Relationships Scales Questionnaire(RSQ) to assess mothers' attachment styles.
Results: Only fearful attachment style scores weres tatistically higher in mothers of adolescents with psychiatric illness compared to mothers in the control group (p=0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of DERS-S total and sub-dimension scores and secure, preoccupied and dismissive attachment styles sub-dimension scores (p>0.05). The group with the highest DERS-S total score and all sub-dimension scores (except DERS-S non-acceptance) was the group of ADHD (Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder) mothers. The mothers of the adolescents with anxiety disorders had the highest fearful attachment style score, the dismissive score was found in ADHD, the secure score was highest in the OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders) group, and the preoccupied attachment style score was found in the mothers of the MDD (Major depressive disorder) group. While the mean fearful attachment style score was statistically significantly higher in the anxiety disorders group than in the control group (p=0.038); There was no statistically significantdifference between the groups in terms of ADHD, MDD and OCD averages((p>0.05).
Conclusion: Maternal attachment style and emotion regulation skills affect and change the risk of predisposition to psychopathology in the child.

References

  • Thompson RA. Attachment theory and research. In Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Ed M Lewis. 3rd Ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins; 2002. p. 164-72.
  • Collins NL, Laurson W. Adolescents’ relationships with parents. J Lang Soc Psychol. 2003; 22: 58-65.
  • Yavuzer H. Çocuk Psikolojisi. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi; 2008.
  • Gross JJ. Emotion Regulation. Lewis M, Haviland-Jones JM, and Barrett LF. (Ed). Handbook of Emotions. New York: Guilford Press; 2008.
  • Gottman JM, Katz LF, Hooven C. (1996). Parental meta emotion philosophy and the emotionanl and the emotional life families: Theoretical models and preliminary data. Journal of Family Psychology.1996; 10(3): 243.
  • Mikulincer M, Shaver PR, Pereg D. Attachment theory and affect regulation: The dynamics, development, and cognitive consequences of attachment-related strategies. Motivation and Emotion. 2003; 27(2): 77-102.
  • Griffin DW, Bartholomew K. Models of the self and other: Fundamental dimensions underlying measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.1994; 67: 430-45.
  • Sümer N, Güngör D. Yetişkin bağlanma stilleri ölçeklerinin Türk örneklemi üzerinde psikometrik değerlendirmesi ve kültürler arası karşılaştırma. Türk Psikoloji Derg. 1999; 14(43): 35-62.
  • Bjureberg J, Ljótsson B, Tull MT, Hedman E, Sahlin H, Lundh LG, et al. Development and validation of a brief version of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale: the DERS-16. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. 2016; 38: 284-96.
  • Yiğit İ, Yiğit MG. Psychometric properties of Turkish version of difficulties in emotion regulation scale-brief form (DERS-16). Current Psychology. 2019; 38: 1503-11.
  • Adam EK, Gunnar MR, Tanaka A. Adult attachment, parent emotion and observed parenting behavior: mediator and moderator models: Child Development. 2004; 75 (1): 110-22.
  • Putwain D, Best N. Fear appeals in the primary classroom: effects on test anxiety and test grade. Learningand Individual Differences. 2011; 21 (5): 580-4.
  • Sjaifullah A. An analysis of EFL students’ anxiety factors in speaking. International Research Journal of Engineering, IT & Scientific Research. 2019; 5(3): 43-8.
  • De Oliveira CA, Bailey HN, Moran G, Pederson DR. Emotion socialization as a frame work for understanding the development of disorganized attachment. Social Development 2004; 13: 437-67.
  • Sheese BE, Rothbart MK. Temperament and emotion regulation. Handbook of emotion regulation. Editor Gross JJ. Handbook of emotion regulation. New York: The Guilford Press; 2006. P. 331-50.
  • Southam-Gerow MA, Kendall PC. Emotion regulation and understanding: Implications for child psychopathology and Therapy. Clinical psychology review. 2002; 22(2): 189-222.
  • Demirpençe D, Guliyev Eİ, Gürbüz HGA. The effect of affective temperament traits on emotion regulation difficulties. Klinik Psikiyatri. 2021; 24: 350-8.
  • Özyurt G, Akay AP, Öztürk Y, Baykara B, Emiroğlu Nİ. DEHB’li çocuklarda ve annelerinde duygu düzenlemenin araştırılması. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg. 2016; 17(5): 393-402.
  • Barkley RA. Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychol Bull. 1997; 121: 65-94.
  • Keser N, Kapçı EG, Özer A. Çocuklarda dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğunun incelenmesi: Aracı ve etkileşim değişkenleri ile bir model testi. Yeni Symposium Derg. 2012; 50: 13-23.
  • Clarke L, Ungerer J, Chahoud K, Johnson S, Stiefel I. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is associated with attachment insecurity. Clin Child Psychol Psychiat. 2002; 7: 179-98.
  • Yusuf Aydın. Dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu olan çocukların annelerinde bağlanma tarzlarının ve oksitosin düzeyinin kontrollerle karşılaştırılması. İnönü Üniversitesi, Tıpta uzmanlık tezi, 2018.
  • Crowell JA, Feldman SS. Mothers' internal models of relationships and children's behavioral and developmental status: A study of mother-child interaction. Child development. 1988; 1273-85.
  • Evinç ŞG. Maternal personality characteristics, affective state, and psychopathology in relation to children’s attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and comorbid symptoms (Uzmanlık tezi). Ankara, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, 2004.
  • Mancini F, D’Olimpio F, Prunetti E, Didonna F, Del Genio M. Parental bonding: Can obsessive symptoms and general distress be predicted by perceived rearing practices? Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy. 2000; 7: 201-8.
  • Mikulincer M, Shaver PR. Attachment in adulthood: Structure, dynamics and change. New York: Guilford Press; 2007. p. 28-219.
  • Muris P, Meesters C, Melick M, Zwambag L. Self-reported attachment style, attachment quality and symptoms of anxiety and depression ın young adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences. 2001; 30: 809-18.
  • Fowler JC, Allen JG, Oldham JM, Frueh BC. Exposure to ınterpersonal trauma, attachment ınsecurity and depression severity. Journal of Affective Disorders.2013; 149: 313-8.

Anne Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğü ve Bağlanma Stili ile Çocuktaki Psikiyatrik Bozukluk İlişkisi

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 346 - 352, 21.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.33631/sabd.1309317

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada psikiyatrik hastalığa sahip ergenlerin anneleri ile sağlıklı ergenlerin annelerinin bağlanma stilleri ve duygu düzenleme güçlüklerini karşılaştırmak amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu vaka-kontrol çalışmasında ergenlerin psikiyatrik tanıları için DSM-5 tanı sistemi, annelerin duygu düzenleme güçlüğü düzeylerinin ölçülmesi amacıyla Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğü Ölçeği-Kısa Form (DDG-K) ve annelerin bağlanma stillerini değerlendirmek için İlişki Ölçekleri Anketi (İÖA) uygulandı.
Bulgular: Psikiyatrik hastalığı olan ergenlerin annelerinde kontrol grubu annelerine göre sadece korkulu bağlanma stili puanları istatistiksel olarak yüksekti (p=0,001). DDG-K toplam ve alt boyut puanları ile güvenli, saplantılı ve kayıtsız bağlanma stilleri alt boyut puanları açısından 2 grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). DDG-K total puanı ile tüm alt boyut puanları (DDG-K kabul etmeme hariç) en yüksek grup DEHB (Dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu) anneleri grubu idi. İÖA alt boyut puanlarından korkulu bağlanma stili puanı en yüksek anksiyete bozukluğu olan ergenlerin annelerinde, kayıtsız puanı DEHB’de, güvenli puanı en yüksek OKB (Obsesif kompulsif bozukluklar) grubunda ve saplantılı bağlanma stili puanı ise MDB (Majör depresif bozukluk) grubu annelerinde saptandı. Korkulu bağlanma stili puan ortalaması kontrol grubuna göre anksiyete bozuklukları grubunda kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek iken (p=0,038); DEHB, MDB ve OKB ortalamaları bakımından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Anne bağlanma stili ve duygu düzenleme becerisi çocuktaki psikopatolojiye yatkınlık riskini etkilemekte ve değiştirmektedir.

References

  • Thompson RA. Attachment theory and research. In Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Ed M Lewis. 3rd Ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams Wilkins; 2002. p. 164-72.
  • Collins NL, Laurson W. Adolescents’ relationships with parents. J Lang Soc Psychol. 2003; 22: 58-65.
  • Yavuzer H. Çocuk Psikolojisi. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi; 2008.
  • Gross JJ. Emotion Regulation. Lewis M, Haviland-Jones JM, and Barrett LF. (Ed). Handbook of Emotions. New York: Guilford Press; 2008.
  • Gottman JM, Katz LF, Hooven C. (1996). Parental meta emotion philosophy and the emotionanl and the emotional life families: Theoretical models and preliminary data. Journal of Family Psychology.1996; 10(3): 243.
  • Mikulincer M, Shaver PR, Pereg D. Attachment theory and affect regulation: The dynamics, development, and cognitive consequences of attachment-related strategies. Motivation and Emotion. 2003; 27(2): 77-102.
  • Griffin DW, Bartholomew K. Models of the self and other: Fundamental dimensions underlying measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.1994; 67: 430-45.
  • Sümer N, Güngör D. Yetişkin bağlanma stilleri ölçeklerinin Türk örneklemi üzerinde psikometrik değerlendirmesi ve kültürler arası karşılaştırma. Türk Psikoloji Derg. 1999; 14(43): 35-62.
  • Bjureberg J, Ljótsson B, Tull MT, Hedman E, Sahlin H, Lundh LG, et al. Development and validation of a brief version of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale: the DERS-16. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. 2016; 38: 284-96.
  • Yiğit İ, Yiğit MG. Psychometric properties of Turkish version of difficulties in emotion regulation scale-brief form (DERS-16). Current Psychology. 2019; 38: 1503-11.
  • Adam EK, Gunnar MR, Tanaka A. Adult attachment, parent emotion and observed parenting behavior: mediator and moderator models: Child Development. 2004; 75 (1): 110-22.
  • Putwain D, Best N. Fear appeals in the primary classroom: effects on test anxiety and test grade. Learningand Individual Differences. 2011; 21 (5): 580-4.
  • Sjaifullah A. An analysis of EFL students’ anxiety factors in speaking. International Research Journal of Engineering, IT & Scientific Research. 2019; 5(3): 43-8.
  • De Oliveira CA, Bailey HN, Moran G, Pederson DR. Emotion socialization as a frame work for understanding the development of disorganized attachment. Social Development 2004; 13: 437-67.
  • Sheese BE, Rothbart MK. Temperament and emotion regulation. Handbook of emotion regulation. Editor Gross JJ. Handbook of emotion regulation. New York: The Guilford Press; 2006. P. 331-50.
  • Southam-Gerow MA, Kendall PC. Emotion regulation and understanding: Implications for child psychopathology and Therapy. Clinical psychology review. 2002; 22(2): 189-222.
  • Demirpençe D, Guliyev Eİ, Gürbüz HGA. The effect of affective temperament traits on emotion regulation difficulties. Klinik Psikiyatri. 2021; 24: 350-8.
  • Özyurt G, Akay AP, Öztürk Y, Baykara B, Emiroğlu Nİ. DEHB’li çocuklarda ve annelerinde duygu düzenlemenin araştırılması. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg. 2016; 17(5): 393-402.
  • Barkley RA. Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychol Bull. 1997; 121: 65-94.
  • Keser N, Kapçı EG, Özer A. Çocuklarda dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğunun incelenmesi: Aracı ve etkileşim değişkenleri ile bir model testi. Yeni Symposium Derg. 2012; 50: 13-23.
  • Clarke L, Ungerer J, Chahoud K, Johnson S, Stiefel I. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is associated with attachment insecurity. Clin Child Psychol Psychiat. 2002; 7: 179-98.
  • Yusuf Aydın. Dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu olan çocukların annelerinde bağlanma tarzlarının ve oksitosin düzeyinin kontrollerle karşılaştırılması. İnönü Üniversitesi, Tıpta uzmanlık tezi, 2018.
  • Crowell JA, Feldman SS. Mothers' internal models of relationships and children's behavioral and developmental status: A study of mother-child interaction. Child development. 1988; 1273-85.
  • Evinç ŞG. Maternal personality characteristics, affective state, and psychopathology in relation to children’s attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and comorbid symptoms (Uzmanlık tezi). Ankara, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, 2004.
  • Mancini F, D’Olimpio F, Prunetti E, Didonna F, Del Genio M. Parental bonding: Can obsessive symptoms and general distress be predicted by perceived rearing practices? Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy. 2000; 7: 201-8.
  • Mikulincer M, Shaver PR. Attachment in adulthood: Structure, dynamics and change. New York: Guilford Press; 2007. p. 28-219.
  • Muris P, Meesters C, Melick M, Zwambag L. Self-reported attachment style, attachment quality and symptoms of anxiety and depression ın young adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences. 2001; 30: 809-18.
  • Fowler JC, Allen JG, Oldham JM, Frueh BC. Exposure to ınterpersonal trauma, attachment ınsecurity and depression severity. Journal of Affective Disorders.2013; 149: 313-8.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Dılsad Mınıksar 0000-0002-6389-4377

Büşra Öz 0000-0002-0561-9473

Publication Date September 21, 2023
Submission Date June 3, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Mınıksar D, Öz B. Anne Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğü ve Bağlanma Stili ile Çocuktaki Psikiyatrik Bozukluk İlişkisi. VHS. 2023;13(3):346-52.