Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Investigating the Relationship Between Nutritional Knowledge and Microbiota Awareness: A Cross-Sectional Study Among University Students

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 367 - 376, 24.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.33631/sabd.1600538

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between nutritional knowledge and microbiota awareness among students at Istanbul Bilgi University.
Material and Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional study consists of 415 university students. The general characteristics of the participants were obtained through a questionnaire, while their nutritional knowledge and microbiota awareness were assessed using the Nutrition Knowledge Level Scale for Adults and the Microbiota Awareness Scale, respectively.
Results: The students had a mean age of 22.6±4.29 years, and a median BMI of 22.14 [5.13] kg/m². Median scores were 51 [11] for NKLSA-NK, 38 [9] for NKLSA-FP, and 69 [15] for microbiota awareness. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between nutritional knowledge and microbiota awareness (r=0.658; p<0.001). Age also showed a statistically significant positive correlation with nutritional knowledge, particularly with food preferences (r=0.131; p<0.05). Statistically significant negative correlations were found between BMI and both nutritional knowledge (r=-0.192) and microbiota awareness (r=-0.191), as well as between body weight and both variables (r=-0.242 and r=-0.274, respectively; p<0.001).
Conclusion: Our results show that the study population has fair nutritional knowledge in the NKLSA-NK and good nutritional knowledge in the NKLSA-FP sub-section, alongside a good level of microbiota awareness. The Education, lifestyle choices, and guidance are important for nutritional knowledge and microbiota awareness of the population. To our knowledge, this is the first study examining the relationship between nutritional knowledge level and microbiota awareness scores, and further studies are needed.

Project Number

We do not have a project number.

References

  • Gibson GR, Hutkins R, Sanders ME, Prescott SL, Reimer RA, Salminen SJ, et al. Expert consensus document: the international scientific association for probiotics and prebiotics (isapp) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;14(8):491-502.
  • Barqawi HJ, Adra SF, Ramzi HR, Abouaggour MA, Almehairi SK. Evaluating the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the UAE community on microbiota composition and the main factors affecting it: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2021;11(8):e047869.
  • Mengi Çelik Ö, Semerci R. Evaluation of nutrition literacy and nutrition knowledge level in nursing students: a study from Turkey. BMC Nurs. 2022;21(1):359.
  • Medina CR, Urbano MB, De Jesús Espinosa A, Toledo López A. Eating habits associated with nutrition-related knowledge among university students enrolled in academic programs related to nutrition and culinary arts in puerto rico. Nutrients. 2020;12(5):1408.
  • Palmer C, Bik EM, DiGiulio DB, Relman DA, Brown PO. Development of the human infant intestinal microbiota. PLoS Biol. 2007;5(7):e177.
  • Batmaz H. Development of nutrition knowledge level scale for adults and validity and reliability study [Master Thesis]. Istanbul: Marmara University; 2018.
  • Külcü A, Önal Ö. Microbiota awareness scale validity and reliability study. Med J SDU. 2022;29(2):205-12.
  • Mason RD, Lind DA, Marchal WG. Statistics: an introduction. 5th ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Duxbury Press; 1998.
  • Köse B, Aydın A, Özdemir M, Yeşil E. Determination of the level of knowledge and consumption status of healthcare workers about probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. J Acad Gastroenterol. 2019;18(2):67-72.
  • Sharma R, Gupta S, Gupta D, Kumar Kushwaha P. Awareness and knowledge about probiotics among college students. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2019;13(4):2201-08.
  • Zemzemoğlu TEA, Uludağ E, Uzun S. Üniversite öğrenci̇leri̇ni̇n probi̇yoti̇k bi̇lgi̇ düzeyi̇ ve tüketi̇m durumlarının beli̇rlenmesi̇. Gıda. 2019;44(1):118-30.
  • Koç ST, Demir H. The evaluation of knowledge and consumption status on probiotic nutritions of individuals practicing sports [Master Thesis]. Istanbul: Yeditepe University; 2020.
  • Khalesi S, Vandelanotte C, Thwaite T, Russell AMT, Dawson D, Williams SL. Awareness and attitudes of gut health, probiotics and prebiotics in Australian adults. J Diet Suppl. 2021;18(4):418-32.
  • Almasi N, Rakıcıoğlu N. Assessing the level of nutrition knowledge and its association with dietary intake in university students. BAUN Health Sci J. 2021;10(3):274-80.
  • Grzymisławska M, Puch EA, Zawada A, Grzymisławski M. Do nutritional behaviors depend on biological sex and cultural gender?. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2020;29(1):165-72.
  • Kocaadam Bozkurt B, Arslan M. Üniversite öğrencilerinin mikrobiyota farkındalık düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi: Erzurum ili örneği. Gümüşhane Üniv Sağlık Bilim Derg.. 2023;12(4):1615-22.
  • Makas S. Assessment of microbiota awareness and gut health of adult individuals applying to a nutrition counseling center [Master Thesis]. Bursa: Uludag University; 2023.
  • Yılmaz O. Evaluation of Health Sciences Faculty Students' knowledge levels on microbiota and health, PREPRINT (Version 1). 2023 [cited 2023 02 01] Available from: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3083410/v1
  • Hamurcu P, İsmailoğlu Ö. Microbiota awareness: a study on nutrition and dietetics students. J Immunol Clin Microbiol. 2022;7(1):5-18.
  • Abu-Humaidan AHA, Alrawabdeh JA, Theeb LS, Hamadneh YI, Omari MB. Evaluating knowledge of human microbiota among university students in Jordan, an online cross-sectional survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(24):13324.
  • Mengi Çelik Ö, Duran S. Evaluation of micronutrient intake and nutrition knowledge level in university students. BSJ Health Sci. 2023;6(1):64-9.
  • Duralı Ö. Determination of nutritional knowledge level and nutritional status in adult female individuals [Master Thesis]. Edirne: Trakya University; 2019.
  • Ayyash M, Al-Najjar MAA, Jaber K, Ayyash L, Abu-Farha R. Assessment of public knowledge and perception about the use of probiotics. Eur J Integr Med. 2021;48:101404.
  • Carbonneau E, Lamarche B, Provencher V, Desroches S, Robitaille J, Vohl MC, et al. Associations between nutrition knowledge and overall diet quality: the moderating role of sociodemographic characteristics—results from the PREDISE study. Am J Health Promot. 2021;35(1):38-47.
  • Mötteli S, Provaznikova B, Vetter S, Jäger M, Seifritz E, Hotzy F. Examining nutrition knowledge, skills, and eating behaviours in people with severe mental illness: a cross-sectional comparison among psychiatric inpatients, outpatients, and healthy adults. Nutrients. 2023;15(9):2136.
  • Kabasakal Çetin A. Evaluation of nutrition knowledge, sources of nutrition information and digital healthy diet literacy of schoolteachers: a cross-sectional study. Gümüşhane J Health Sci. 2023;12(3):967-76.
  • Bird SP, Rushton BD. Nutritional knowledge of youth academy athletes. BMC Nutr. 2020;6:35.
  • Scalvedi ML, Gennaro L, Saba A, Rossi L. Relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake: an assessment among a sample of Italian adults. Front Nutr. 2021;8:714493.
  • Akan DD, Adıyaman A, Işık G, Kılıç B, Çınar Pakyüz S. Examining the knowledge levels of health workers working in a university hospital about microbiota. Int Anatolia Acad Online J Health Sci. 2020;6(3):347-59.
  • Yücel K. Evaluation of university students’ nutritional knowledge attitudes and behaviors. J Basic Clin Heal Sci. 2020;4(2):133-9.
  • Cömert TK, Karadeniz S, Akpınar F. Investigate the relationship between the microbiota awareness in first trimester and high risk pregnancy in Turkish women: cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023;23(1):808.

Beslenme Bilgisi ile Mikrobiyota Farkındalığı Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Üniversite Öğrencileri Arasında Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 367 - 376, 24.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.33631/sabd.1600538

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi öğrencilerinde beslenme bilgisi ile mikrobiyota farkındalığı arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışmanın örneklemi 415 üniversite öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların demografik özellikleri anket yöntemiyle elde edilmiş; beslenme bilgi düzeyleri ile mikrobiyota farkındalıkları ise sırasıyla Yetişkinler İçin Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi Ölçeği ve Mikrobiyota Farkındalık Ölçeği kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 22,6±4,29 yıl ve medyan beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) 22,14 [5,13] kg/m² olarak saptanmıştır. Temel beslenme ve beslenme sağlık bilgisi (NKLSA-NK) için medyan puan 51 [11] ve besin tercihi alt bölümü (NKLSA-FP) için 38 [9] olarak bulunmuştur. Mikrobiyota farkındalık puanının medyanı ise 69 [15] olarak belirlenmiştir. Beslenme bilgisinin alt boyutları ile mikrobiyota farkındalığı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif yönlü bir korelasyon bulunmuştur (r= 0,658; 0,259; p<0,001). Ek olarak, yaş ile beslenme bilgisi arasında, özellikle de besin tercihi alt boyutunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif yönlü bir korelasyon mevcuttur (r=0,131; p<0,05). Ayrıca, BKİ ile beslenme bilgi düzeyi ve mikrobiyota farkındalığı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı negatif yönlü bir korelasyon (sırasıyla r=-0,192; r= -0,191; p<0,001) ve vücut ağırlığı ile beslenme bilgi düzeyi ve mikrobiyota farkındalığı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı negatif yönlü bir korelasyon olduğu (sırasıyla r=-0,242; r=-0,274; p<0,001).
Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız, çalışma popülasyonunun NKLSA-NK'de orta düzeyde beslenme bilgisine ve NKLSA-FP alt bölümünde iyi beslenme bilgisine sahip olduğunu ve iyi düzeyde mikrobiyota farkındalığına sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Eğitim, yaşam tarzı seçimleri ve rehberlik, popülasyonun beslenme bilgisi ve mikrobiyota farkındalığı için önemlidir. Bu çalışma, beslenme bilgi düzeyi ile mikrobiyota farkındalık arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen ilk çalışmadır ve daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Project Number

We do not have a project number.

References

  • Gibson GR, Hutkins R, Sanders ME, Prescott SL, Reimer RA, Salminen SJ, et al. Expert consensus document: the international scientific association for probiotics and prebiotics (isapp) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;14(8):491-502.
  • Barqawi HJ, Adra SF, Ramzi HR, Abouaggour MA, Almehairi SK. Evaluating the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the UAE community on microbiota composition and the main factors affecting it: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2021;11(8):e047869.
  • Mengi Çelik Ö, Semerci R. Evaluation of nutrition literacy and nutrition knowledge level in nursing students: a study from Turkey. BMC Nurs. 2022;21(1):359.
  • Medina CR, Urbano MB, De Jesús Espinosa A, Toledo López A. Eating habits associated with nutrition-related knowledge among university students enrolled in academic programs related to nutrition and culinary arts in puerto rico. Nutrients. 2020;12(5):1408.
  • Palmer C, Bik EM, DiGiulio DB, Relman DA, Brown PO. Development of the human infant intestinal microbiota. PLoS Biol. 2007;5(7):e177.
  • Batmaz H. Development of nutrition knowledge level scale for adults and validity and reliability study [Master Thesis]. Istanbul: Marmara University; 2018.
  • Külcü A, Önal Ö. Microbiota awareness scale validity and reliability study. Med J SDU. 2022;29(2):205-12.
  • Mason RD, Lind DA, Marchal WG. Statistics: an introduction. 5th ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Duxbury Press; 1998.
  • Köse B, Aydın A, Özdemir M, Yeşil E. Determination of the level of knowledge and consumption status of healthcare workers about probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. J Acad Gastroenterol. 2019;18(2):67-72.
  • Sharma R, Gupta S, Gupta D, Kumar Kushwaha P. Awareness and knowledge about probiotics among college students. J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2019;13(4):2201-08.
  • Zemzemoğlu TEA, Uludağ E, Uzun S. Üniversite öğrenci̇leri̇ni̇n probi̇yoti̇k bi̇lgi̇ düzeyi̇ ve tüketi̇m durumlarının beli̇rlenmesi̇. Gıda. 2019;44(1):118-30.
  • Koç ST, Demir H. The evaluation of knowledge and consumption status on probiotic nutritions of individuals practicing sports [Master Thesis]. Istanbul: Yeditepe University; 2020.
  • Khalesi S, Vandelanotte C, Thwaite T, Russell AMT, Dawson D, Williams SL. Awareness and attitudes of gut health, probiotics and prebiotics in Australian adults. J Diet Suppl. 2021;18(4):418-32.
  • Almasi N, Rakıcıoğlu N. Assessing the level of nutrition knowledge and its association with dietary intake in university students. BAUN Health Sci J. 2021;10(3):274-80.
  • Grzymisławska M, Puch EA, Zawada A, Grzymisławski M. Do nutritional behaviors depend on biological sex and cultural gender?. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2020;29(1):165-72.
  • Kocaadam Bozkurt B, Arslan M. Üniversite öğrencilerinin mikrobiyota farkındalık düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi: Erzurum ili örneği. Gümüşhane Üniv Sağlık Bilim Derg.. 2023;12(4):1615-22.
  • Makas S. Assessment of microbiota awareness and gut health of adult individuals applying to a nutrition counseling center [Master Thesis]. Bursa: Uludag University; 2023.
  • Yılmaz O. Evaluation of Health Sciences Faculty Students' knowledge levels on microbiota and health, PREPRINT (Version 1). 2023 [cited 2023 02 01] Available from: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3083410/v1
  • Hamurcu P, İsmailoğlu Ö. Microbiota awareness: a study on nutrition and dietetics students. J Immunol Clin Microbiol. 2022;7(1):5-18.
  • Abu-Humaidan AHA, Alrawabdeh JA, Theeb LS, Hamadneh YI, Omari MB. Evaluating knowledge of human microbiota among university students in Jordan, an online cross-sectional survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(24):13324.
  • Mengi Çelik Ö, Duran S. Evaluation of micronutrient intake and nutrition knowledge level in university students. BSJ Health Sci. 2023;6(1):64-9.
  • Duralı Ö. Determination of nutritional knowledge level and nutritional status in adult female individuals [Master Thesis]. Edirne: Trakya University; 2019.
  • Ayyash M, Al-Najjar MAA, Jaber K, Ayyash L, Abu-Farha R. Assessment of public knowledge and perception about the use of probiotics. Eur J Integr Med. 2021;48:101404.
  • Carbonneau E, Lamarche B, Provencher V, Desroches S, Robitaille J, Vohl MC, et al. Associations between nutrition knowledge and overall diet quality: the moderating role of sociodemographic characteristics—results from the PREDISE study. Am J Health Promot. 2021;35(1):38-47.
  • Mötteli S, Provaznikova B, Vetter S, Jäger M, Seifritz E, Hotzy F. Examining nutrition knowledge, skills, and eating behaviours in people with severe mental illness: a cross-sectional comparison among psychiatric inpatients, outpatients, and healthy adults. Nutrients. 2023;15(9):2136.
  • Kabasakal Çetin A. Evaluation of nutrition knowledge, sources of nutrition information and digital healthy diet literacy of schoolteachers: a cross-sectional study. Gümüşhane J Health Sci. 2023;12(3):967-76.
  • Bird SP, Rushton BD. Nutritional knowledge of youth academy athletes. BMC Nutr. 2020;6:35.
  • Scalvedi ML, Gennaro L, Saba A, Rossi L. Relationship between nutrition knowledge and dietary intake: an assessment among a sample of Italian adults. Front Nutr. 2021;8:714493.
  • Akan DD, Adıyaman A, Işık G, Kılıç B, Çınar Pakyüz S. Examining the knowledge levels of health workers working in a university hospital about microbiota. Int Anatolia Acad Online J Health Sci. 2020;6(3):347-59.
  • Yücel K. Evaluation of university students’ nutritional knowledge attitudes and behaviors. J Basic Clin Heal Sci. 2020;4(2):133-9.
  • Cömert TK, Karadeniz S, Akpınar F. Investigate the relationship between the microbiota awareness in first trimester and high risk pregnancy in Turkish women: cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023;23(1):808.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Nutrition and Dietetics (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Negin Almasi 0000-0002-3706-9082

Damla Zeynep Bayraktar 0000-0001-6606-7206

Benay Yılmaz 0009-0001-4867-1247

Feyza Çimen 0009-0007-3425-9597

Umut Özdemir 0009-0009-4315-4011

Umut Türkel 0009-0006-6864-9537

Project Number We do not have a project number.
Publication Date September 24, 2025
Submission Date December 12, 2024
Acceptance Date June 13, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 15 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Almasi N, Bayraktar DZ, Yılmaz B, Çimen F, Özdemir U, Türkel U. Investigating the Relationship Between Nutritional Knowledge and Microbiota Awareness: A Cross-Sectional Study Among University Students. VHS. 2025;15(3):367-76.