Diabetes and Dietary Inflammatory Index

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus, commonly known as sugar disease, is an endocrine disease that results in an increase in blood glucose levels, and is affected by hereditary and environmental factors. Inflammation is the reaction of the organism against foreign and harmful factors. In this process, on the one hand, harmful factors are eliminated, and on the other hand, tissue repair is tried to be provided. There is a bidirectional relationship between inflammation and chronic diseases. Inflammation causes chronic diseases, while chronic diseases can also cause the development of inflammation. Although the main cause of insulin resistance is a defect in insulin secretion, it has recently been observed that inflammation is also one of the important factors affecting insulin resistance. Intra-abdominal adipose tissue in abdominal obesity, which is often observed in diabetic individuals, is an indicator of low levels of chronic inflammation. Dietary habits and dietary components have an effective role in inflammation. Some foods have an anti-inflammatory effect, while some foods have a pro-inflammatory effect. Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) is an index developed to evaluate the effect of general dietary patterns of individuals on inflammation. The effects of nutrients and nutrient elements, serum anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory indicators, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α), C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-1β are being studied. There are studies conducted on DII in various diseases such as diabetes, cancer, hypertension and obesity. In this review, it is aimed to examine the relationship between diabetes and DII.

Keywords

• Diabetes
• Dietary Inflammatory Index
• Inflammation

Diyabet ve Diyet İnflamatuar İndeksi/Dıabetes and Dıet Inflammatory Index

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus, halk arasında şeker hastalığı olarak adlandırılan, kanda glikoz seviyesinin yükselmesiyle sonuçlanan, kalıtımsal ve çevresel faktörlerin etkili olduğu endokrin bir hastalıktır. İnflamasyon; yabancı ve zararlı etkenlere karşı organizmanın verdiği tepkidir. Bu süreçte bir yandan zararlı etkenler ortadan kaldırılırken bir yandan da doku onarımı sağlanmaya çalışılır. İnflamasyon ve kronik hastalıklar arasında çift yönlü bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. İnflamasyon kronik hastalıklara neden olurken kronik hastalıklar da inflamasyon gelişimine neden olabilmektedir. İnsülin direncine yol açan temel neden insülin salgısındaki defekt olmasına rağmen son zamanlarda inflamasyonun da insülin direncini etkileyen önemli faktörlerden biri olduğu görülmektedir. Diyabetik bireylerde sıklıkla görülen, abdominal obezitedeki karın içi yağ dokusu, düşük seviyede kronik inflamatuarın bir göstergesidir. Beslenme alışkanlıkları ve diyet bileşenleri inflamasyonda etkili role sahiptir. Bazı besinler antiinflamatuar etki gösterirken bazı besinler proinflamatuar etki göstermektedir. Diyet İnflamatuar İndeksi (Dİİ) bireylerin genel beslenme şekillerinin inflamasyon üzerine etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla geliştirilmiş bir indekstir. Besin ve besin ögelerinin, serum antiinflamatuar ve proinflamatuar göstergelerinin, interlökin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-10, tümör nekroz faktörü- α (TNF- α), C-reaktif proteini (CRP) ve IL-1β üzerine etkileri incelenmektedir. Diyabet, kanser, hipertansiyon ve obezite gibi çeşitli hastalıklarda Dİİ üzerine yapılan çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bu derlemede diyabet ve Dİİ arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

• Diyabet
• Diyet İnflamatuar İndeksi
• İnflamasyon

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