Covid 19 Sınırlandırılmalarının Kadına Yönelik Aile İçi Şiddet Üzerine Etkisi: Literatür Taraması

Year 2022, , 125 - 133, 23.06.2022

Şahika Şimşek Çetinkaya

https://doi.org/10.25279/sak.1024549

Abstract

Şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs 2'nin neden olduğu korona virüs hastalığı dünya çapında büyüyen küresel bir pandemi haline gelmiştir. Salgını kontrol altına alabilmek ülkeler acil önlemler almak zorunda kalmıştır. Halkın sağlığını korumak ve hastalık bulaşmasını azaltmak için hareket kısıtlamaları, sosyal mesafe, izolasyon, marketler dışında işyerlerinin kapatılması, uzaktan çalışma, uzaktan eğitim alınan önemler arasında yer almaktadır. Bu durum pandeminin seyrini iyileştirse de aile içi güç dinamiklerinin bozulmasına neden olmuştur. Covid 19 nedeniyle ekonomik yetersizlikler, stres, alkol kullanımının artması, şiddet mağduru ve şiddeti uygulayan bireyin uzun süre aynı ortamı paylaşması, sosyal destek yetersizliği aile içi şiddette ilişkin risk faktörlerinin de artmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu derlemenin amacı, COVID-19 sınırlandırmalarının kadına yönelik aile içi şiddete etkisini literatür doğrultusunda incelemektir.

Keywords

Covid-19 virüsü, Kadın, Aile içi şiddet, Pandemi

Supporting Institution

yok

Project Number

yok

The Effect of Covid 19 Restrictions on Domestic Violence Against Women: Literature Review

Abstract

The coronavirus disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has become a growing global pandemic worldwide. Countries have had to take urgent measures to control the epidemic. Movement restrictions, social distance, isolation, closure of workplaces outside of markets, remote working, distance education are among the important measures to protect public health and reduce disease transmission. Although this situation improved the course of the pandemic, it caused the deterioration of power dynamics within the family. Due to Covid 19, economic inadequacies, stress, increased use of alcohol, the victim and perpetrator of violence sharing the same environment for a long time, and lack of social support have also led to an increase in risk factors for domestic violence. The purpose of this review is to examine the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on domestic violence against women in the light of the literature.

Keywords

Covid-19 virus, Female, Domestic violence, Pandemics

Project Number

yok

References

• 1. World Health Organization. WHO timeline - COVID-19. https:// www.who.int/news-room/detail/27-04-2020-who-timeline—covid-19. [14 September 2020]
• 2. Abrahams, Z., Boisits, S., Schneider, M., Prince, M., & Lund, C. (2020). Domestic violence, food insecurity and mental health of pregnant women in the COVID-19 lockdown in Cape Town, South Africa.
• 3. Adhikari SP, Meng S, Wu Y-J, Mao YP, Ye RX, Wang QZ, Sun C, Sylvia S, Rozelle S, Raat H, Zhou H (2020) Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: a scoping review. Infect Dis Poverty 9:29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00646-x
• 4. Agüero, J. M. (2021). COVID-19 and the rise of intimate partner violence. World development, 137, 105217.
• 5. Baig, M. A. M., Ali, S., & Tunio, N. A. (2020). Domestic violence amid COVID-19 pandemic: pakistan’s perspective. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 32(8), 525-526.
• 6. Bellizzi, S., Nivoli, A., Lorettu, L., Farina, G., Ramses, M., & Ronzoni, R. (2020). Violence against women in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics.
• 7. Boserup, B., McKenney, M., & Elkbuli, A. (2020). Alarming trends in US domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic. The American journal of emergency medicine, 38(12), 2753-2755.
• 8. Bradbury-Jones C, and Isham L. The pandemic paradox: The consequences of COVID-19 on domestic violence. J Clin Nurs. (2020) 29:2047–49. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15296
• 9. Campbell, A. M. (2020). An increasing risk of family violence during the Covid-19 pandemic: Strengthening community collaborations to save lives. Forensic science international: reports, 2, 100089.
• 10. Das, T., Roy, T. B., & Roy, R. (2021). Reintegration with family and intimate partner violence (IPV) against women among the returnee migrant worker’s family during COVID-19 induced lockdown: A Block-level analysis using multinomial logistic regression model. Children and youth services review, 130, 106226.
• 11. Devries, K. M., Mak, J. Y., Bacchus, L. J., Child, J. C., Falder, G., Petzold, M., ... & Watts, C. H. (2013). Intimate partner violence and incident depressive symptoms and suicide attempts: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. PLoS medicine, 10(5), e1001439.
• 12. Ertan, D., El-Hage, W., Thierrée, S., Javelot, H., & Hingray, C. (2020). COVID-19: urgency for distancing from domestic violence. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 11(1), 1800245.
• 13. Evans, M. L., Lindauer, M., & Farrell, M. E. (2020). A pandemic within a pandemic—Intimate partner violence during Covid-19. New England journal of medicine, 383(24), 2302-2304.
• 14. Fraser DE. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Violence against Women and Girls. VAWG Helpdesk Research Report. 2020: No:284
• 15. Global and regional estimates of violence against women: Prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence World Health Organization, Geneva (2013)https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/85239/9789241564625_eng.pdf;jsessionid=0EE32873F733D9C624C329744DBAF674?sequence=1, Accessed 25th Apr 2020
• 16. Hawcroft, C., Hughes, R., Shaheen, A. et al. Prevalence and health outcomes of domestic violence amongst clinical populations in Arab countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 19, 315 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6619-2
• 17. Hu, Y., Sun, J., Dai, Z., Deng, H., Li, X., Huang, Q., ... & Xu, Y. (2020). Prevalence and severity of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Virology, 127, 104371.
• 18. Indu, P. V., Vijayan, B., Tharayil, H. M., Ayirolimeethal, A., & Vidyadharan, V. (2021). Domestic violence and psychological problems in married women during COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown: A community-based survey. Asian journal of psychiatry, 64, 102812.
• 19. Islam SDU, Bodrud-Doza M, Khan RM, Haque MA, Mamun MA. Exploring COVID-19 stress and its factors in Bangladesh: a perception-based study. Heliyon. 2020;6(7):e04399. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04399
• 20. Laeheem, K. (2016). Factors affecting domestic violence risk behaviors among Thai Muslim married couples in Satun province. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 37(3), 182-189.
• 21. Maji, S., Bansod, S., & Singh, T. (2021). Domestic violence during COVID-19 pandemic: The case for Indian women. Journal of community & applied social psychology, 10.1002/casp.2501. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/casp.2501
• 22. Marques, E. S., Moraes, C. L. D., Hasselmann, M. H., Deslandes, S. F., & Reichenheim, M. E. (2020). Violence against women, children, and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: overview, contributing factors, and mitigating measures. Cadernos de saude publica, 36, e00074420.
• 23. Mazza, M., Marano, G., Lai, C., Janiri, L., & Sani, G. (2020). Danger in danger: Interpersonal violence during COVID-19 quarantine. Psychiatry research, 289, 113046.
• 24. McLean, S. A., & McIntosh, J. E. (2021). The mental and physical health of family mental health practitioners during COVID-19: relationships with family violence and workplace practices. Australian Journal of Psychology, 1-10.
• 25. Nakyazze, B. (2020). Intimate Partner Violence during the COVID-19 pandemic: An impending public health crisis in Africa. The Anatolian Journal of Family Medicine, 3(2), 92.
• 26. Pfitzner, N., Fitz-Gibbon, K., & True, J. (2020). Responding to the ‘shadow pandemic’: practitioner views on the nature of and responses to violence against women in Victoria, Australia during the COVID-19 restrictions. 4-28
• 27. Poate, S. (2020). 75% increase in domestic violence searches since Coronavirus. NBN News. Retrieved on 7th April, 2020 from: https://www.nbnnews.com.au/2020/03/31/dvsearches-coronavirus
• 28. Rao, S. (2020). A natural disaster and intimate partner violence: Evidence over time. Social Science & Medicine, 247, 112804.
• 29. Sánchez, O. R., Vale, D. B., Rodrigues, L., & Surita, F. G. (2020). Violence against women during the COVID‐19 pandemic: An integrative review. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 151(2), 180-187.
• 30. Sediri, S., Zgueb, Y., Ouanes, S., Ouali, U., Bourgou, S., Jomli, R., & Nacef, F. (2020). Women’s mental health: acute impact of COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence. Archives of women's mental health, 23(6), 749-756.
• 31. Sharifi F, Larki M, LatifnejadRoudsari R. COVID-19 outbreak as threat of violence against women. J Midwif Reprod Health. 2020;8(3):2376–2379
• 32. Taub, A. (2020). A new Covid-19 crisis: Domestic abuse rises worldwide. The New York Times, 6 https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/06/world/coronavirus-domestic-violence.html
• 33. Wanqing Z. Domestic violence cases surge during COVID-19 epidemic. Sixth Tone; 2020 [cited 2020May29]. https://www.sixthtone.com/ news/1005253/domestic-violence-cases-surge-during-covid-19-epide mic
• 34. World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 and violence against women: What the health sector/system can do. March 26, 2020. Available at: https://www.who.int/ reproductivehealth/publications/emergencies/COVID-19- VAW-full-text.pdf Accessed May 3, 2020.
• 35. Yang, M., He, P., Xu, X., Li, D., Wang, J., Wang, Y., ... & Chen, D. (2021). Disrupted rhythms of life, work and entertainment and their associations with psychological impacts under the stress of the COVID-19 pandemic: A survey in 5854 Chinese people with different sociodemographic backgrounds. PloS one, 16(5), e0250770.
• 36. Zhang, H. (2020). The influence of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on family violence in China. Journal of family violence, 1-11.Emezue, C. (2020). Digital or digitally delivered responses to domestic and intimate partner violence during COVID-19. JMIR public health and surveillance, 6(3), e19831.