Pediatrik Onkolojide Palyatif Bakım Alan Çocuklara Psikolojik Destek Uygulamalarının Etkisi

Abstract

Kanser, önemli bir halk sağlığı problemidir. Kanser türleri ve kanser nedeniyle tedavi gören birey sayısı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Sayısı artan kanser türlerinin büyük bir bölümünü çocukluk çağı kanserleri oluşturmaktadır. Çocuklarda görülen kanserlerin büyüme ve gelişme, psikososyal durum gibi birçok alanda olumsuz etkilerinin olduğu bilinmektedir. Çoğu zaman ölümle eşdeğer görülen bu durum çocuk ve ailesi üzerinde birtakım zorlayıcı etkiler meydana getirebilmektedir. Tedavi sürecinin uzun olması, tekrar oranlarının yüksekliği ve meydana gelen fiziksel ve ruhsal değişiklikler tedavi gören çocukların baş etmesi güç birtakım etkiler arasındadır. Kanser tedavisi süresince hastalara ve ailelerine mümkün olan en iyi yaşam kalitesini sağlamak amacıyla fiziksel ve psikolojik tüm semptomların erken teşhisi ve tedavisini amaçlayan palyatif bakım uygulamaları başarılı bir şekilde yıllardır uygulanmaktadır. Palyatif bakım alan çocuklarda fiziksel olumsuzlukların giderilmesine ek olarak ruhsal destek uygulamalarının da etkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Pediatrik onkolojide hastalık sürecine ve tedavi yöntemlerine hem aileyi hem de çocuğu adapte etmek, oluşabilecek komplikasyonlar hakkında bilgilendirmek hastalık süreçlerini yönetmeyi kolaylaştırabilmektedir. Bu derlemede pediatrik onkolojide palyatif bakım alan çocuklara psikolojik destek uygulamalarının etkilerinin literatür kapsamında incelenmesi amaçlanmış ve hemşirelik uygulamalarına yansımaları üzerinde durulmuştur.

Keywords

• Pediatrik onkoloji,Çocuk,Palyatif bakım,Psikolojik destek

The Effect of Psychological Support Applications on Children Receiving Palliative Care in Pediatric Oncology

Abstract

Cancer is an important public health problem. Cancer types and the number of individuals treated for cancer are increasing day by day. Childhood cancers constitute the majority of the increasing number of cancer types. It is known that cancers seen in children have negative effects in many areas such as growth and development and psychosocial status. This situation, which is often equivalent to death, can have some compelling effects on the child and his / her family. The long duration of treatment, the high rates of repetition and the physical and mental changes that occur are among the most difficult effects for the treated children. Palliative care has been successfully applied for many years in order to provide early diagnosis and treatment of all physical and psychological symptoms in order to provide the best possible quality of life to patients and their families during cancer treatment. It is known that psychological support practices are effective in addition to eliminating physical problems in children receiving palliative care. In pediatric oncology, adapting both the family and the child to the disease process and treatment methods, informing them about the complications that may occur may facilitate the management of the disease processes. In this review, it is aimed to investigate the effects of psychological support to children receiving palliative care in pediatric oncology within the scope of literature and their reflections on nursing practices are emphasized.

Keywords

• Pediatric oncology,Child,Palliative care,Psychological support

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