Effect of Weight- Lifting on Shoulder Muscle Activation in Healthy Individuals

Year 2022, , 112 - 126, 01.04.2022

Tamer Çankaya , Ece Acar

https://doi.org/10.25279/sak.641945

Abstract

Introduction: Weight lifting is frequently used in daily life, and the shoulder joint is responsible for most of the upper extremity's freedom of movement. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the effect of weight-lifting on muscle activations at different angle values during flexion and abduction movements of the shoulder joint in healthy individuals. Methods: The study was carried out with the participation of 28 healthy male individuals with an average age of 22.60 ± 0.44. Muscle activations were recorded with superficial electromyography from the upper, middle and lower parts of the trapezius, anterior and middle parts of the deltoid while the individuals were making the movement of shoulder flexion and abduction with and without 3 kilograms. Movements were made between 0-30, 0-60, 0-90, 0-120, 0-150 and 0-180 degrees and accompanied by metronome. Results: In the flexion measurements performed without weight, the muscle with the highest activity in all range of motion was the frontal deltoid muscle, whereas in the flexion measurements carried out by weight, the most active muscle in the early angles of movement was the upper trapezius, and in other angles, the frontal deltoid muscle. In the weightless abduction measurements, the most active muscle in the early degrees was the anterior deltoid, while in the measurements performed by weight, the upper trapezius muscle was active. Conclusion and Suggestions: The upper trapezius and anterior deltoid are the most active in flexion and abduction movements with or without weight bearing in our study group. The usage of resistive flexion or abduction movements of the shoulder may be considered in therapies which aimed regulating the activations of these muscles.

Keywords

Electromyography, Deltoid muscle, Shoulder

Sağlıklı Bireylerde Ağırlık Kaldırmanın Omuz Kas Aktivasyonlarına Etkisi

Abstract

Giriş: Günlük yaşam sırasında ağırlık kaldırmak sıklıkla kullanılmakta olup, omuz eklemi de üst ekstremitenin hareket serbestliğinin çoğundan sorumludur. Amaç: Bu çalışmada, sağlıklı bireylerde omuz ekleminin fleksiyon ve abdüksiyon hareketleri sırasında ağırlık kaldırmanın kas aktivasyonlarına farklı açı değerlerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışma, yaş ortalaması 22.60 ± 0.44 olan 28 sağlıklı erkek bireyin katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bireyler ağırlıksız ve 3 kilogramlık bir ağırlık ile omuz fleksiyon ve abdüksiyon hareketi yaptığı sırada kas aktivasyonları trapezius kası üst orta ve alt parçaları ile deltoid kasının ön ve orta parçalarından yüzeyel elektromiyografi cihazı ile kaydedilmiştir. Hareketler 0-30, 0-60, 0-90, 0-120, 0-150 ve 0-180 dereceler arasında ve metronom eşliğinde yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Ağırlıksız olarak gerçekleştirilen fleksiyon ölçümlerinde tüm hareket açıklıklarında aktivitesi en fazla olan kas ön deltoid kası iken ağırlık ile gerçekleştirilen fleksiyon ölçümlerinde ise hareketin erken açılarında en aktif kasın üst trapezius, diğer açılarda ise ön deltoid kası olduğu görülmüştür. Ağırlıksız olarak gerçekleştirilen abdüksiyon ölçümlerinde ise yine erken derecelerde en aktif kas ön deltoid iken ağırlık ile gerçekleştirilen ölçümlerde ise üst trapezius kasının aktif olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç ve Öneriler: Ağırlık ile veya ağırlıksız yapılan fleksiyon ve abdüksiyon hareketlerinde çalışma grubumuzda yer alan bireylerde en fazla aktivasyon gösteren kaslar, üst trapezius ve ön deltoid kasları olmaktadır. Bu kasların aktivasyonunu düzenlemeyi hedefleyen tedavilerde omuzun dirençli fleksiyon veya abdüksiyon hareketlerinin kullanımı göz önünde bulundurulabilir.

Keywords

Elektromiyografi, Deltoid kas, Omuz

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