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Onikomikoz ve Tedavi Yaklaşımları

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 587 - 612, 01.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.25279/sak.1053918

Abstract

Onikomikoz, tırnak hastalıklarının yaklaşık %50'sini oluşturan başlıca tırnak enfeksiyonlarından biridir. Hastaların tedavi uyumsuzluğu, yüksek maliyet, uzun tedavi süreleri ve hastalığın tekrarlama olasılığının yüksek olması gibi pek çok faktör onikomikoz tedavisinde zorluk yaratır. Doğru ve uygun maliyetli onikomikoz tedavisi için tanıyı doğru koymak da önemlidir. Farklı tanı yöntemleri kullanılsa da, en sık tercih edilen yöntem fungal kültürdür. Onikomikozun tedavisinde oral ve topikal tedavi yöntemleri ayrı ayrı veya kombine olarak uygulanabilir. Oral tedavide allilaminler ve azoller kullanılmakta olup, etkinlik yüksektir. Ancak hepatotoksik etki ve ilaç-ilaç etkileşimleri oral tedavi için büyük problemler yaratabilir. Topikal tedavide ise en sık siklopiroks, amorolfin, efinaconazole ve tavaborole kullanılır. Topikal tedavi yöntemi olarak farklı antifungaller çözeltiler veya bitkisel ekstratlar da kullanılmaktadır. Topikal ilaçların uygulanması daha kolaydır ve çok daha az yan etki gösterir, ancak tırnakların keratin açısından zengin yapısı yetersiz penetrasyona neden olur. Bu derlemede, onikomikoz, tanı yöntemleri ve tedavideki yeni yaklaşımların neler olduğu gözden geçirilmiştir.

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Onıcomycosıs and Treatment Approaches

Year 2022, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 587 - 612, 01.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.25279/sak.1053918

Abstract

Onychomycosis is one of the main nail infections, accounting for approximately 50% of nail diseases. Many factors create difficulties in the treatment of onychomycosis, such as treatment non-compliance, high cost, long treatment period, and the high probability of recurrence of the disease. It is also important to make an accurate diagnosis for the treatment of onychomycosis accurately and cost-effectively. Although different diagnostic methods are used, the most preferred method is fungal culture. In the treatment of onychomycosis, oral and topical treatment methods can be applied separately or in combination. Allylamines and azoles are used in the oral treatment and the efficiency is high. However, hepatotoxic effects and drug-drug interactions can create major problems for oral therapy. In topical treatment, ciclopirox, amorolfine, efinaconazole, and tavborole are most commonly used. Different antifungals solutions or herbal extracts are also used as topical treatment method. Topical medications are easier to apply and have far fewer side effects, but the keratin-rich structure of the nails causes poor penetration. In this review, the diagnostic methods and new approaches in the treatment of onychomycosis are reviewed.

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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Dermatology
Journal Section reviews
Authors

Merve Gül 0000-0001-6629-3457

İhsan Çiftçi 0000-0002-9812-134X

Publication Date December 1, 2022
Submission Date January 5, 2022
Acceptance Date February 17, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Gül, M., & Çiftçi, İ. (2022). Onikomikoz ve Tedavi Yaklaşımları. Sağlık Akademisi Kastamonu, 7(3), 587-612. https://doi.org/10.25279/sak.1053918

Health Academy Kastamonu is included in the class of 1-b journals (journals scanned in international indexes other than SCI, SSCI, SCI-expanded, ESCI) according to UAK associate professorship criteria. HEALTH ACADEMY KASTAMONU Journal cover is registered by the Turkish Patent Institute.