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İşyeri Nezaketsizliği ve Çözüm Önerileri

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 59 - 69, 18.12.2024

Öz

Bu çalışmada öncelikle çalışma hayatında nezaketsizlik tanımlanmıştır. İşyerinde nezaketsiz davranışlara örnekler verildikten sonra nezaketsizlik ile benzer kavramlar ilişkisine değinilmiştir. İşyerinde nezaketsizliğe neden olabilecek unsurlardan ve nezaketsiz davranışların bireysel ve örgütsel düzeydeki etkilerinden bahsedilmiştir. Son olarak ise çalışma hayatındaki nezaketsiz davranışlarla mücadele etmede kullanılabilecek bireysel ve örgütsel yöntemler açıklanmıştır. İşyerindeki nezaketsiz davranışları tespit etmeye, sınıflandırmaya ve bu tip davranışlarla mücadele etmeye yönelik derinlemesine yapılan sistematik bir çalışma olması literatüre katkı sağlamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Alhas, F., & Seçkin, Ş. N. (2022). İş Yeri Nezaketsizliği ve Sanal Kaytarma Arasındaki İlişkide Örgütsel Sinizmin Aracılık Rolü. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (58), 123-143. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1259840
  • Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, personality, and behavior. Attitudes, personality and behaviour. McGraw-hill education (UK).
  • Akar, V. (2024). İşyeri Nezaketsizliğine Maruz Kalmanın Çalışanlara Etkisi: Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin Aracı ve Psikolojik Sahiplenmenin Düzenleyici Rolü. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi, 15(42), 533-552. https://doi.org/10.21076/vizyoner.1391060
  • Al-Romeedy, B., & Ozbek, O. (2022). The Effect of Authentic Leadership on Counterproductive Work Behaviors in Egyptian and Turkish Travel Agents: Workplace Incivility as a Mediator. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 11(2), 409-425. https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.233
  • Alola, U. V., Asongu, S., & Alola, A. A. (2019). Linking Supervisor Incivility with Job Embeddedness and Cynicism: The Mediating Role of Employee Self-Efficacy. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 21(3), 330-352.
  • Andersson, L. M., Pearson C. M. (1999). Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. The Academy of Management Review, 24:3, 452-471. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-11-2017-0132
  • Aquino, K., Tripp, T. M., & Bies, R. J. (2001). How Employees Respond to Personal Offense: The Effects of Blame Attribution, Victim Status, and Offender Status on Revenge and Reconciliation in the Workplace. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.52
  • Blau, G., & Andersson, L. (2005). Testing a Measure of Instigated Workplace Incivility. Journal Of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 78(4), 595-614. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317905X26822
  • Cartwright, S., & Holmes, N. (2006). The Meaning of Work: The Challenge of Regaining Employee Engagement and Reducing Cynicism. Human Resource Management Review, 16(2), 199-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2006.03.012
  • Caza, B. B., & Cortina, L. M. (2007). From Insult to Injury: Explaining the Impact of Incivility. Basic And Applied Social Psychology, 29(4), 335-350. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973530701665108
  • Cortina, L. M., Magley, V. J., Williams, J. H., & Langhout, R. D. (2001). Incivility in the Workplace: Incidence and Impact. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6(1), 64. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/1076-8998.6.1.64
  • D'ambra, A. M., & Andrews, D. R. (2014). Incivility, Retention and New Graduate Nurses: An Integrated Review of The Literature. Journal of Nursing Management, 22(6), 735-742. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12060
  • Giumetti, G. W., Hatfield, A. L., Scisco, J. L., Schroeder, A. N., Muth, E. R., & Kowalski, R. M. (2013). What a Rude E-Mail! Examining the Differential Effects of Incivility versus Support on Mood, Energy, Engagement, and Performance in an Online Context. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(3), 297-309. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032851
  • Griffin, B. (2010). Multilevel Relationships Between Organizational-Level Incivility, Justice and Intention to Stay. Work and Stress, 24(4), 309-323. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2010.531186
  • Holm, K., Torkelson, E., & Bäckström, M. (2022). Workplace Incivility as a Risk Factor For Workplace Bullying and Psychological Well-Being: A Longitudinal Study of Targets and Bystanders in a Sample of Swedish Engineers. BMC Psychology, 10(1), 299. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-022-00996-1
  • Hornstein, H. A. (2003). Workplace Incivility: An Unavoidable Product of Human Nature and Organizational Nurturing. Ivey Business Journal, 68(2), 1-7.
  • Işıkay, Ç., & Taslak, S. (2021). İşyeri Nezaketsizliği: Ulusal Literatür Üzerine Bir İçerik Analizi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 18(39), 521-552. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.839745
  • Jones, M. D. (2015). Antecedents and Outcomes of Work-Linked Couple Incivility. Purdue University.
  • Kumral, T., & Çetin, C. (2016). İşyeri Nezaketsizliği Üzerine Bir Yazın İncelemesi. Kafkas Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 153-171. https://doi.org//10.9775/kausbed.2016.038
  • Kutlu, A., & Utar, A. (2023). Hemşirelerin İşyeri Nezaketsizliği ile Karşılaşma Durumları ve Memnuniyet Düzeylerine Etkileri. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10(4), 279-288. https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1124735
  • Martin, R. J., & Hine, D. W. (2005). Development and Validation of the Uncivil Workplace Behavior Questionnaire. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 10(4), 477. https://doi.org/10.1037%2F1076-8998.10.4.477
  • Meier, L. L., & Semmer, N. K. (2013). Lack of Reciprocity, Narcissism, Anger, and Instigated Workplace Incivility: A Moderated Mediation Model. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 22(4), 461-475. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2012.654605
  • Mete, B. (2022). Sağlık Kurumlarında İşyeri Nezaketsizliği Üzerine Geleneksel Bir Derleme. MEYAD Akademi, 3(2), 150-161.
  • Milam, A. C., Spitzmueller, C., & Penney, L. M. (2009). Investigating Individual Differences Among Targets of Workplace Incivility. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14(1), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012683
  • Nabavi, R. T. (2012). Bandura’s Social Learning Theory & Social Cognitive Learning Theory. Theory of Developmental Psychology, 1(1), 1-24.
  • Naimon, E. C., Mullins, M. E., & Osatuke, K. (2013). The Effects of Personality and Spirituality on Workplace Incivility Perceptions. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 10(1), 91-110. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2012.758049
  • Namie, G. (2003). Workplace Bullying: Escalated Incivility. Ivey Business Journal, 68(2), 1-6.
  • Namin, B.H, Øgaard, T., Røislien, J. (2022). Workplace Incivility and Turnover Intention in Organizations: A Meta Analytic Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19(1), 1 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010025
  • Nazir, T., & Ahmad, U. N. B. U. (2016). Interrelationship of Incivility, Cynicism and Turnover Intention. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(1), 146-154.
  • Özcan, G. (2022). İşyeri Nezaketsizliği: Kavramsal Bir İnceleme. Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 341-367. https://doi.org/10.38057/bifd.1183503
  • Özgener, Ş. (2016). İş Ahlakının Temelleri: Yönetsel Bir Yaklaşım. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık Tic. Ltd. Şti. Ankara.
  • Pearson, C. M., & Porath, C. L. (2005). On The Nature, Consequences and Remedies of Workplace Incivility: No Time For “Nice”? Think again. Academy of Management Perspectives, 19(1), 7-18. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.2005.15841946
  • Pearson, C. M., Andersson, L. M., & Wegner, J. W. (2001). When Workers Flout Convention: A Study of Workplace Incivility, Human Relations, 54(11), 1387-1419. https://doi.org/10.1177/00187267015411001
  • Pierre, T. (2019). The Incidence and Impact of Workplace Incivility: A Quantitative Study Comparing Public University Staff Member Experiences in the Northeast. Thinking Matters Symposium Archive. 214. https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/thinking_matters/214
  • Porath, C. L., & Pearson, C. M. (2012). Emotional and Behavioral Responses to Workplace Incivility and The Impact of Hierarchical Status. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42, E326-E357. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.01020.x.
  • Rafaeli, A., Erez, A., Ravid, S., Derfler-Rozin, R., Treister, D. E., & Scheyer, R. (2012). When Customers Exhibit Verbal Aggression, Employees Pay Cognitive Costs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(5), 931. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028559
  • Schilpzand, P., De Pater, I. E., & Erez, A. (2016). Workplace Incivility: A Review of the Literature and Agenda for Future Research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37, S57-S88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1976
  • Seven, A., Adadıoğlu, Ö., & Danç, E. (2021). How Do Nurses Percept Workplace Incivility: A Cross-Sectional Study. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi, 8(3), 388-396. https://dx.doi.org/10.54304/SHYD.2021.59002
  • Sguera, F., Bagozzi, R. P., Huy, Q. N., Boss, R. W., & Boss, D. S. (2016). Curtailing The Harmful Effects of Workplace Incivility: The Role of Structural Demands and Organization-Provided Resources. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 95, 115-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.08.004
  • Sipahi Döngül, E. (2024). İşyeri Nezaketsizliği Kavramı Üzerine Yapılan Çalışmaların Bibliyometrik Analizi. Üçüncü Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi Dergisi, 59 (1), 644-655. doi: 10.15659/3.sektor-sosyal-ekonomi.24.03.2272
  • Tarraf, R. C. (2012). Taking a closer look at workplace incivility: Dimensionality and source effects. The degree in Master of Science, The University of Western Ontario The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies Graduate Program in Psychology.
  • Taştan, S.B. (2014). İşyeri Nezaketsizliğini Öngören Örgütsel ve Durumsal Önceller ile Çalışanların Davranışsal Sonuçları Arasındaki İlişkinin ve Sosyo-Psikolojik Kaynakların Rolünün Incelenmesi: Sağlık Kurumlarında Yapılan Bir Araştırma. Isguc The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, 16(3), 60-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4026/1303-2860.2014.0255.x
  • Taylor, S. G., & Kluemper, D. H. (2012). Linking Perceptions of Role Stress and Incivility to Workplace Aggression: The Moderating Role of Personality. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 17(3), 316. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0028211
  • Vasconcelos, A. F. (2020). Workplace incivility: a literature review. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 13(5), 513-542. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-11-2019-0137
  • Young, K. A., Hassan, S., & Hatmaker, D. M. (2021). Towards Understanding Workplace Incivility: Gender, Ethical Leadership and Personal Control. Public Management Review, 23(1), 31-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2019.1665701

Workplace Incivility and Solution Proposals

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 59 - 69, 18.12.2024

Öz

In this study, workplace incivility is first defined. Examples of uncivil behaviors in the workplace are provided, followed by a discussion of the relationship between workplace incivility and related concepts. Factors that may lead to workplace incivility and its effects at both the individual and organizational levels are examined. Finally, individual and organizational strategies to address workplace incivility are explained. This systematic and in-depth study, which focuses on identifying, classifying, and addressing uncivil behaviors in the workplace, makes a substantial contribution to the literature.

Kaynakça

  • Alhas, F., & Seçkin, Ş. N. (2022). İş Yeri Nezaketsizliği ve Sanal Kaytarma Arasındaki İlişkide Örgütsel Sinizmin Aracılık Rolü. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (58), 123-143. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.1259840
  • Ajzen, I. (2005). Attitudes, personality, and behavior. Attitudes, personality and behaviour. McGraw-hill education (UK).
  • Akar, V. (2024). İşyeri Nezaketsizliğine Maruz Kalmanın Çalışanlara Etkisi: Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin Aracı ve Psikolojik Sahiplenmenin Düzenleyici Rolü. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi, 15(42), 533-552. https://doi.org/10.21076/vizyoner.1391060
  • Al-Romeedy, B., & Ozbek, O. (2022). The Effect of Authentic Leadership on Counterproductive Work Behaviors in Egyptian and Turkish Travel Agents: Workplace Incivility as a Mediator. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 11(2), 409-425. https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.233
  • Alola, U. V., Asongu, S., & Alola, A. A. (2019). Linking Supervisor Incivility with Job Embeddedness and Cynicism: The Mediating Role of Employee Self-Efficacy. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 21(3), 330-352.
  • Andersson, L. M., Pearson C. M. (1999). Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. The Academy of Management Review, 24:3, 452-471. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-11-2017-0132
  • Aquino, K., Tripp, T. M., & Bies, R. J. (2001). How Employees Respond to Personal Offense: The Effects of Blame Attribution, Victim Status, and Offender Status on Revenge and Reconciliation in the Workplace. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.52
  • Blau, G., & Andersson, L. (2005). Testing a Measure of Instigated Workplace Incivility. Journal Of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 78(4), 595-614. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317905X26822
  • Cartwright, S., & Holmes, N. (2006). The Meaning of Work: The Challenge of Regaining Employee Engagement and Reducing Cynicism. Human Resource Management Review, 16(2), 199-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2006.03.012
  • Caza, B. B., & Cortina, L. M. (2007). From Insult to Injury: Explaining the Impact of Incivility. Basic And Applied Social Psychology, 29(4), 335-350. https://doi.org/10.1080/01973530701665108
  • Cortina, L. M., Magley, V. J., Williams, J. H., & Langhout, R. D. (2001). Incivility in the Workplace: Incidence and Impact. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6(1), 64. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/1076-8998.6.1.64
  • D'ambra, A. M., & Andrews, D. R. (2014). Incivility, Retention and New Graduate Nurses: An Integrated Review of The Literature. Journal of Nursing Management, 22(6), 735-742. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12060
  • Giumetti, G. W., Hatfield, A. L., Scisco, J. L., Schroeder, A. N., Muth, E. R., & Kowalski, R. M. (2013). What a Rude E-Mail! Examining the Differential Effects of Incivility versus Support on Mood, Energy, Engagement, and Performance in an Online Context. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(3), 297-309. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032851
  • Griffin, B. (2010). Multilevel Relationships Between Organizational-Level Incivility, Justice and Intention to Stay. Work and Stress, 24(4), 309-323. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2010.531186
  • Holm, K., Torkelson, E., & Bäckström, M. (2022). Workplace Incivility as a Risk Factor For Workplace Bullying and Psychological Well-Being: A Longitudinal Study of Targets and Bystanders in a Sample of Swedish Engineers. BMC Psychology, 10(1), 299. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-022-00996-1
  • Hornstein, H. A. (2003). Workplace Incivility: An Unavoidable Product of Human Nature and Organizational Nurturing. Ivey Business Journal, 68(2), 1-7.
  • Işıkay, Ç., & Taslak, S. (2021). İşyeri Nezaketsizliği: Ulusal Literatür Üzerine Bir İçerik Analizi. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 18(39), 521-552. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.839745
  • Jones, M. D. (2015). Antecedents and Outcomes of Work-Linked Couple Incivility. Purdue University.
  • Kumral, T., & Çetin, C. (2016). İşyeri Nezaketsizliği Üzerine Bir Yazın İncelemesi. Kafkas Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 153-171. https://doi.org//10.9775/kausbed.2016.038
  • Kutlu, A., & Utar, A. (2023). Hemşirelerin İşyeri Nezaketsizliği ile Karşılaşma Durumları ve Memnuniyet Düzeylerine Etkileri. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10(4), 279-288. https://doi.org/10.34087/cbusbed.1124735
  • Martin, R. J., & Hine, D. W. (2005). Development and Validation of the Uncivil Workplace Behavior Questionnaire. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 10(4), 477. https://doi.org/10.1037%2F1076-8998.10.4.477
  • Meier, L. L., & Semmer, N. K. (2013). Lack of Reciprocity, Narcissism, Anger, and Instigated Workplace Incivility: A Moderated Mediation Model. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 22(4), 461-475. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2012.654605
  • Mete, B. (2022). Sağlık Kurumlarında İşyeri Nezaketsizliği Üzerine Geleneksel Bir Derleme. MEYAD Akademi, 3(2), 150-161.
  • Milam, A. C., Spitzmueller, C., & Penney, L. M. (2009). Investigating Individual Differences Among Targets of Workplace Incivility. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14(1), 58-69. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012683
  • Nabavi, R. T. (2012). Bandura’s Social Learning Theory & Social Cognitive Learning Theory. Theory of Developmental Psychology, 1(1), 1-24.
  • Naimon, E. C., Mullins, M. E., & Osatuke, K. (2013). The Effects of Personality and Spirituality on Workplace Incivility Perceptions. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 10(1), 91-110. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766086.2012.758049
  • Namie, G. (2003). Workplace Bullying: Escalated Incivility. Ivey Business Journal, 68(2), 1-6.
  • Namin, B.H, Øgaard, T., Røislien, J. (2022). Workplace Incivility and Turnover Intention in Organizations: A Meta Analytic Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19(1), 1 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010025
  • Nazir, T., & Ahmad, U. N. B. U. (2016). Interrelationship of Incivility, Cynicism and Turnover Intention. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(1), 146-154.
  • Özcan, G. (2022). İşyeri Nezaketsizliği: Kavramsal Bir İnceleme. Bucak İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 341-367. https://doi.org/10.38057/bifd.1183503
  • Özgener, Ş. (2016). İş Ahlakının Temelleri: Yönetsel Bir Yaklaşım. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık Tic. Ltd. Şti. Ankara.
  • Pearson, C. M., & Porath, C. L. (2005). On The Nature, Consequences and Remedies of Workplace Incivility: No Time For “Nice”? Think again. Academy of Management Perspectives, 19(1), 7-18. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.2005.15841946
  • Pearson, C. M., Andersson, L. M., & Wegner, J. W. (2001). When Workers Flout Convention: A Study of Workplace Incivility, Human Relations, 54(11), 1387-1419. https://doi.org/10.1177/00187267015411001
  • Pierre, T. (2019). The Incidence and Impact of Workplace Incivility: A Quantitative Study Comparing Public University Staff Member Experiences in the Northeast. Thinking Matters Symposium Archive. 214. https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/thinking_matters/214
  • Porath, C. L., & Pearson, C. M. (2012). Emotional and Behavioral Responses to Workplace Incivility and The Impact of Hierarchical Status. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42, E326-E357. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.01020.x.
  • Rafaeli, A., Erez, A., Ravid, S., Derfler-Rozin, R., Treister, D. E., & Scheyer, R. (2012). When Customers Exhibit Verbal Aggression, Employees Pay Cognitive Costs. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(5), 931. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028559
  • Schilpzand, P., De Pater, I. E., & Erez, A. (2016). Workplace Incivility: A Review of the Literature and Agenda for Future Research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37, S57-S88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1976
  • Seven, A., Adadıoğlu, Ö., & Danç, E. (2021). How Do Nurses Percept Workplace Incivility: A Cross-Sectional Study. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi, 8(3), 388-396. https://dx.doi.org/10.54304/SHYD.2021.59002
  • Sguera, F., Bagozzi, R. P., Huy, Q. N., Boss, R. W., & Boss, D. S. (2016). Curtailing The Harmful Effects of Workplace Incivility: The Role of Structural Demands and Organization-Provided Resources. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 95, 115-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.08.004
  • Sipahi Döngül, E. (2024). İşyeri Nezaketsizliği Kavramı Üzerine Yapılan Çalışmaların Bibliyometrik Analizi. Üçüncü Sektör Sosyal Ekonomi Dergisi, 59 (1), 644-655. doi: 10.15659/3.sektor-sosyal-ekonomi.24.03.2272
  • Tarraf, R. C. (2012). Taking a closer look at workplace incivility: Dimensionality and source effects. The degree in Master of Science, The University of Western Ontario The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies Graduate Program in Psychology.
  • Taştan, S.B. (2014). İşyeri Nezaketsizliğini Öngören Örgütsel ve Durumsal Önceller ile Çalışanların Davranışsal Sonuçları Arasındaki İlişkinin ve Sosyo-Psikolojik Kaynakların Rolünün Incelenmesi: Sağlık Kurumlarında Yapılan Bir Araştırma. Isguc The Journal of Industrial Relations and Human Resources, 16(3), 60-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4026/1303-2860.2014.0255.x
  • Taylor, S. G., & Kluemper, D. H. (2012). Linking Perceptions of Role Stress and Incivility to Workplace Aggression: The Moderating Role of Personality. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 17(3), 316. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0028211
  • Vasconcelos, A. F. (2020). Workplace incivility: a literature review. International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 13(5), 513-542. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-11-2019-0137
  • Young, K. A., Hassan, S., & Hatmaker, D. M. (2021). Towards Understanding Workplace Incivility: Gender, Ethical Leadership and Personal Control. Public Management Review, 23(1), 31-52. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2019.1665701
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Örgütsel Davranış
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Hilmiye Türesin 0000-0002-7050-0495

Yayımlanma Tarihi 18 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Eylül 2024
Kabul Tarihi 27 Kasım 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Türesin, H. (2024). İşyeri Nezaketsizliği ve Çözüm Önerileri. Sosyoekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1(1), 59-69.