Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Gelişen Dini Boyutun İnsan Vahşetiyle Başa Çıkma: Suriye Sorunu Bir Örnek

Year 2024, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 296 - 311
https://doi.org/10.26791/sarkiat.1443994

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Suriye halkı üzerindeki insan vahşetine karşı dini boyutun önemini vurgulayarak başlar. Suriye sorununu örnek olarak seçtim çünkü bu, uluslararası arenada en belirgin olanıdır ve Filistin sorununu vahşet açısından aşmıştır.
Bu çalışmada, insan vahşetini ve bunun cinayet, tecavüz, sürgün ve insan haklarının mahrumiyeti gibi temsil edilen biçimlerini tanımladım.
Suriye'deki olayların tarihi yönlerinden bu konuya değindim, coğrafyasını, sınırlarını ve Suriye trajedisinin tarihsel gelişimini, Fransız sömürgecilikten ve Esad ailesiyle olan tarihi bağlantılardan açıklayarak ele aldım.
Araştırma, iyilik ve kötülük kavramını düzenledi ve Esad ailesinin vahşi sektaryenizminin iğrençliğini, dini boyutun bu vahşete karşı durma önemini, ilahi hükümleri anlamanın gerekliliğini, Allah'ın mutlak adaletine olan inancı, suçluları hesaba çekme ve mağdurlara yardım etme, ve dünya değerinin azalması ve ahirete bağlılığın önemini gösterdi.

References

  • Al-Amidi, Ali bin Muhammad, Abkar Al-Afkar fi Usul Al-Din, Ed. Dr. Ahmed Muhammad Al-Mahdi. No Date, No Publisher.
  • Al-Amidi, Ali bin Muhammad, Ghayah. Al-Maram fi Ilm Al-Kalam, Ed. Hassan Mahmoud Abdel Latif, Cairo: The Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs, No date.
  • Al Arabiya, “Alarbiya Channel Net”. Access 20 February 2024. https://www.alarabiya.net/arab-and-world/syria/2020/06/17/%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%87%D9%88-%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%9F
  • Al-Bahuti, Mansour bin Yunus Al-Hanbali. Kashshaf Al-Qinaa on Al-Iqnaa, Ed. A specialized committee in the Ministry of Justice. Saudi Arabia: Ministry of Justice in Saudi Arabia, No date.
  • Al-Bukhari, Muhammad bin Ismail. Sahih Al-Bukhari. Beirut: Dar Tuq Al-Najat, 1422.
  • Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad bin Muhammad Al-Ghazali Al-Tusi. Al-Iqtisad fi Al-I'tiqad, ed. Abdullah Muhammad Al-Khalili. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, 1424/2004.
  • Alian, Rashdi Muhammad - Al-Duri, Qahtan Abdul Rahman. Fundamentals of Islamic Religion. Beirut: Dar Al-Imam Al-Azam, 2011.
  • Al Jazeera, “Aljazeera News Channel”. Access 22 February 2024. https://www.aljazeera.net/videos/2023/10/19/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%88%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%82
  • Al-Khattaf, Hasan. “Religion and Religiosity from Integration to Intersection”, Adiyaman University Magazine/Turkey, 2/1 (December 2020). 185-212. https://www.academia.edu/44901806/%C4%B0n%C3%B6n%C3%BC_%C3%9Cniversitesi_Yay%C4%B1nlar%C4%B1_93_%C4%B0SLAM_VE_YORUM_IV
  • Al-Khattaf, Hasan. “The Doctrinal and Ethical Dimensions of Diseases and Epidemics”, The Book of the Third International Conference for Contemporary Islamic Studies and Emerging Issues 2020, 161-179. Malaysia: University of the City International, 2020.
  • Al-Najjar, Muhammad Al-Tayeb. Al-Qawl Al-Mubin fi Seerah Sayyid Al-Mursalin. Beirut: Dar Al-Nadwa Al-Jadida, No Date.
  • Al-Shahrastani, Muhammad bin Abdul Karim. Nihayah Al-Iqdam fi Ilm Al-Kalam, Verified by: Ahmed Farid Al-Mazidi. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, No Date.
  • Al-Sharabini, Muhammad bin Ahmed Al-Khatib. Mughni Al-Muhtaj ila Ma'rifati Ma'ani Alfaadh al-Minhaaj. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, 1415 AH - 1994 AD.
  • Al-Tirmidhi, Muhammad bin Isa. Sunan Al-Tirmidhi. Ed. Bashar Awad Ma'rouf. Beirut: Dar Al-Gharb Al-Islami, 1998.
  • Al-Zahrawi, Wael. This is Why We Hide the Dead. Istanbul: Dar Itqan for Publishing, 2020.
  • Bader, Eddin Eylaf. "Al-Abad: On the Ongoing," Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 15/4, (2022). 367-377. https://brill.com/view/journals/mjcc/15/4/article-p367_5.xml Basharats, Said Muhammad. The Role of Religious Zionist Currents in Political Life in Israel 2019-2020. Beirut: Al-Zaytouna Center for Studies. No Date.
  • BBC, “British Broadcasting Channel”, Access 01 February 2024. https://www.bbc.com/arabic/middleeast/2015/06/150620_syria_inside_tadmur_prison
  • Eıd, Israa Mahmood."The Quranic Perspective on the Wisdom of the Affliction and the Pestilence and the Muslim's Duty Towards them", SOCIAL MENTALITY AND RESEARCHER THINKERS JOURNAL (SMART JOURNAL, ((2020) 2605-2615.
  • Enab Baladi “Enabbaladi”. Access 01 February 2024. https://www.enabbaladi.net/469251/#
  • Hashim, Othman. Modern History of Syria/ Era of Hafez Al-Assad 1971- 2000. Beirut: Riad Al-Rayes for Books and Publishing, 2014.
  • Holliday, Joseph. "The Assad Regime: From Counterinsurgency to Civil War," Middle East Security Report 8. Washington DC: The Institute For The Study Of War, March 2013.
  • İbn ‘Abd al-Jalîl, Al-Munsif. The Marginal Sect in Islam. Tunisia: University Publishing Center in Tunisia, 2001.
  • Ibn Ashur, Muhammad al-Tahir. Al-Tahrir wa Al-Tanwir. Tunisia: Al-Dar Al-Tunisiyah for Publishing, 1984.
  • Ibn Fares, Ahmad bin Fares bin Zakaria Al-Qazwini. Mu'jam Maqayis Al-Lughah. Ed. Abdul Salam Muhammad Haroun. Damascus: Dar Al-Fikr, 1399/1979.
  • Ibn Sîda al-Mursi, Abu al-Hassan Ali bin Ismail. Al-Muhkam and Al-Muheet Al-Azam. Ed. Abdul Hamid Hindawi, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, 1421/2000.
  • Kassab, Seema. "The Resiliency of Authoritarianism: The Assad Regime of Syria", Proceedings of the National Conference on Undergraduate Research (NCUR) 2015. Washington: Eastern Washington University, Cheney, WA, 2015.
  • Muslim bin Hajjaj Al-Qushayri. Sahih Muslim. Ed Muhammad Fuwad Abdul Baqi, Cairo: Matba'at Isa Al-Babi Al-Halabi and Co, 1374/1955.
  • Noonpost, “Noon Post Website”. Access 01 February 2024. https://www.noonpost.com/content/39227/
  • Orient, “Orient Television. Access 01 February 2024. https://orient-news.net/ar/news_show/80855
  • Reza, Ahmed. Mu'jam Matn Al-Lughah. Beirut: Dar Maktabat Al-Hayat, 1377 - 1380 AH.
  • Salaymeh, Bilal. "Syria Under al-Assad Rule: A Case of Neopatrimonial Regime", Middle Eastern Studies 10/2, 2018. 140-170. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/887564
  • Sora, Michel. Syria, The Savage State. Trans. Amal Sara, Marc Bialo. Beirut: The Arab Network for Research and Publishing, printed in Dar Al-Nahar 1969.
  • Youtube, “Al Mayadeen Programs”, Access 01 February 2024. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6uCWHfUt5AA&ab_channel=%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-AlMayadeenPrograms
  • Youtube, “Omran Program”. Access 01 February 2024. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TJkW3XeOvIs&ab_channel=%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86
  • Youtube, “Syria TV”. Access 22 February 2024. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=98QQ93H73ZE&ab_channel=SyriaTV%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 Van Dam, Nikolaus. The Struggle for Power in Sectarian, Regional and Tribal Syria 1961-1995. Cairo: Madbouli Library, 1995.
  • Wiedl. Kathrin Nina. "The Hama Massacre - reasons, supporters of the rebellion, consequences", Ben-Gurion University of the Negev MA Program for Middle East Studies Course: Israel and Arabs – Between War and Peace Spring Term 2006, Seminar paper. https://wikileaks.org/gifiles/attach/124/124348_v63819_pdf.pdf

CULTIVATING THE RELIGIOUS DIMENSION IN FACING HUMAN BARBARISM: THE SYRIAN CASE AS A MODEL

Year 2024, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 296 - 311
https://doi.org/10.26791/sarkiat.1443994

Abstract

The study commenced by articulating the importance of the religious dimension in confronting human barbarism inflicted on the Syrian populace. The Syrian case was chosen as a model due to its prominence on the international stage, surpassing the Palestinian case in terms of barbarism.
This study defined human barbarism and its manifestations, including murder, rape, displacement, and deprivation of human rights.
It delved into the historical aspects of events in Syria, elucidating the geography, borders, and historical progression of the Syrian tragedy, starting from French colonization and the historical links between it and the Assad family (referred to as the "beast family".
The research defined the concepts of good and evil, exposed the abhorrent sectarianism of barbarism within the savage Assad family, and highlighted the importance of the religious dimension in standing against this barbarism.
It emphasized the necessity of appreciating divine wisdom, having faith in the absolute justice of God in holding the perpetrators accountable and supporting the oppressed, and in diminishing the value of worldly life while understanding the importance of attachment to the hereafter.

References

  • Al-Amidi, Ali bin Muhammad, Abkar Al-Afkar fi Usul Al-Din, Ed. Dr. Ahmed Muhammad Al-Mahdi. No Date, No Publisher.
  • Al-Amidi, Ali bin Muhammad, Ghayah. Al-Maram fi Ilm Al-Kalam, Ed. Hassan Mahmoud Abdel Latif, Cairo: The Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs, No date.
  • Al Arabiya, “Alarbiya Channel Net”. Access 20 February 2024. https://www.alarabiya.net/arab-and-world/syria/2020/06/17/%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%87%D9%88-%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%B9%D9%86%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%9F
  • Al-Bahuti, Mansour bin Yunus Al-Hanbali. Kashshaf Al-Qinaa on Al-Iqnaa, Ed. A specialized committee in the Ministry of Justice. Saudi Arabia: Ministry of Justice in Saudi Arabia, No date.
  • Al-Bukhari, Muhammad bin Ismail. Sahih Al-Bukhari. Beirut: Dar Tuq Al-Najat, 1422.
  • Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad bin Muhammad Al-Ghazali Al-Tusi. Al-Iqtisad fi Al-I'tiqad, ed. Abdullah Muhammad Al-Khalili. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, 1424/2004.
  • Alian, Rashdi Muhammad - Al-Duri, Qahtan Abdul Rahman. Fundamentals of Islamic Religion. Beirut: Dar Al-Imam Al-Azam, 2011.
  • Al Jazeera, “Aljazeera News Channel”. Access 22 February 2024. https://www.aljazeera.net/videos/2023/10/19/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%88%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%82
  • Al-Khattaf, Hasan. “Religion and Religiosity from Integration to Intersection”, Adiyaman University Magazine/Turkey, 2/1 (December 2020). 185-212. https://www.academia.edu/44901806/%C4%B0n%C3%B6n%C3%BC_%C3%9Cniversitesi_Yay%C4%B1nlar%C4%B1_93_%C4%B0SLAM_VE_YORUM_IV
  • Al-Khattaf, Hasan. “The Doctrinal and Ethical Dimensions of Diseases and Epidemics”, The Book of the Third International Conference for Contemporary Islamic Studies and Emerging Issues 2020, 161-179. Malaysia: University of the City International, 2020.
  • Al-Najjar, Muhammad Al-Tayeb. Al-Qawl Al-Mubin fi Seerah Sayyid Al-Mursalin. Beirut: Dar Al-Nadwa Al-Jadida, No Date.
  • Al-Shahrastani, Muhammad bin Abdul Karim. Nihayah Al-Iqdam fi Ilm Al-Kalam, Verified by: Ahmed Farid Al-Mazidi. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, No Date.
  • Al-Sharabini, Muhammad bin Ahmed Al-Khatib. Mughni Al-Muhtaj ila Ma'rifati Ma'ani Alfaadh al-Minhaaj. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, 1415 AH - 1994 AD.
  • Al-Tirmidhi, Muhammad bin Isa. Sunan Al-Tirmidhi. Ed. Bashar Awad Ma'rouf. Beirut: Dar Al-Gharb Al-Islami, 1998.
  • Al-Zahrawi, Wael. This is Why We Hide the Dead. Istanbul: Dar Itqan for Publishing, 2020.
  • Bader, Eddin Eylaf. "Al-Abad: On the Ongoing," Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication 15/4, (2022). 367-377. https://brill.com/view/journals/mjcc/15/4/article-p367_5.xml Basharats, Said Muhammad. The Role of Religious Zionist Currents in Political Life in Israel 2019-2020. Beirut: Al-Zaytouna Center for Studies. No Date.
  • BBC, “British Broadcasting Channel”, Access 01 February 2024. https://www.bbc.com/arabic/middleeast/2015/06/150620_syria_inside_tadmur_prison
  • Eıd, Israa Mahmood."The Quranic Perspective on the Wisdom of the Affliction and the Pestilence and the Muslim's Duty Towards them", SOCIAL MENTALITY AND RESEARCHER THINKERS JOURNAL (SMART JOURNAL, ((2020) 2605-2615.
  • Enab Baladi “Enabbaladi”. Access 01 February 2024. https://www.enabbaladi.net/469251/#
  • Hashim, Othman. Modern History of Syria/ Era of Hafez Al-Assad 1971- 2000. Beirut: Riad Al-Rayes for Books and Publishing, 2014.
  • Holliday, Joseph. "The Assad Regime: From Counterinsurgency to Civil War," Middle East Security Report 8. Washington DC: The Institute For The Study Of War, March 2013.
  • İbn ‘Abd al-Jalîl, Al-Munsif. The Marginal Sect in Islam. Tunisia: University Publishing Center in Tunisia, 2001.
  • Ibn Ashur, Muhammad al-Tahir. Al-Tahrir wa Al-Tanwir. Tunisia: Al-Dar Al-Tunisiyah for Publishing, 1984.
  • Ibn Fares, Ahmad bin Fares bin Zakaria Al-Qazwini. Mu'jam Maqayis Al-Lughah. Ed. Abdul Salam Muhammad Haroun. Damascus: Dar Al-Fikr, 1399/1979.
  • Ibn Sîda al-Mursi, Abu al-Hassan Ali bin Ismail. Al-Muhkam and Al-Muheet Al-Azam. Ed. Abdul Hamid Hindawi, Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyah, 1421/2000.
  • Kassab, Seema. "The Resiliency of Authoritarianism: The Assad Regime of Syria", Proceedings of the National Conference on Undergraduate Research (NCUR) 2015. Washington: Eastern Washington University, Cheney, WA, 2015.
  • Muslim bin Hajjaj Al-Qushayri. Sahih Muslim. Ed Muhammad Fuwad Abdul Baqi, Cairo: Matba'at Isa Al-Babi Al-Halabi and Co, 1374/1955.
  • Noonpost, “Noon Post Website”. Access 01 February 2024. https://www.noonpost.com/content/39227/
  • Orient, “Orient Television. Access 01 February 2024. https://orient-news.net/ar/news_show/80855
  • Reza, Ahmed. Mu'jam Matn Al-Lughah. Beirut: Dar Maktabat Al-Hayat, 1377 - 1380 AH.
  • Salaymeh, Bilal. "Syria Under al-Assad Rule: A Case of Neopatrimonial Regime", Middle Eastern Studies 10/2, 2018. 140-170. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/887564
  • Sora, Michel. Syria, The Savage State. Trans. Amal Sara, Marc Bialo. Beirut: The Arab Network for Research and Publishing, printed in Dar Al-Nahar 1969.
  • Youtube, “Al Mayadeen Programs”, Access 01 February 2024. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6uCWHfUt5AA&ab_channel=%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-AlMayadeenPrograms
  • Youtube, “Omran Program”. Access 01 February 2024. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TJkW3XeOvIs&ab_channel=%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86
  • Youtube, “Syria TV”. Access 22 February 2024. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=98QQ93H73ZE&ab_channel=SyriaTV%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7 Van Dam, Nikolaus. The Struggle for Power in Sectarian, Regional and Tribal Syria 1961-1995. Cairo: Madbouli Library, 1995.
  • Wiedl. Kathrin Nina. "The Hama Massacre - reasons, supporters of the rebellion, consequences", Ben-Gurion University of the Negev MA Program for Middle East Studies Course: Israel and Arabs – Between War and Peace Spring Term 2006, Seminar paper. https://wikileaks.org/gifiles/attach/124/124348_v63819_pdf.pdf
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sociology of Religion
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hasan Alkhattaf 0000-0003-3800-8078

Early Pub Date July 5, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date February 28, 2024
Acceptance Date June 21, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 16 Issue: 1

Cite

ISNAD Alkhattaf, Hasan. “CULTIVATING THE RELIGIOUS DIMENSION IN FACING HUMAN BARBARISM: THE SYRIAN CASE AS A MODEL”. Şarkiyat 16/1 (July 2024), 296-311. https://doi.org/10.26791/sarkiat.1443994.

Creative Commons Atıf-Gayriticari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY-NC 4.0) ile lisanslanmıştır.
Derginin tüm içeriğine açık erişim sağlanmaktadır. Yayınlanan makaleler öncelikle İThenticate programında taranmaktadır.
Dergimizde yayınlanan makalelerin sorumluluğu yazara ait olup, tüm telif hakları Şarkiyat İlmi Araştırmalar Dergisi’ne devrolunmuştur.


27787