Characterization of Functionally Graded Bronze Matrix Ceramic Reinforced Composite Materials

Year 2019, , 1137 - 1143, 01.12.2019

Serkan Islak , Aimen Mohamed Abushraıda

https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.574251

Cited By: 2

Abstract

In this study,
ceramic reinforced bronze matrix functionally graded materials (FGMs) were
produced by using powder metallurgy method. B₄C, TiC, Mo₂C
and SiC were selected as ceramic reinforcements. The samples with compositions bronze
+ 10% SiC, bronze + 10% B₄C, bronze + 10% Mo₂C, and bronze
+ 10% TiC were sintered at 750 °C for 90 minutes. Investigations were carried
out to assess the mechanical properties and microstructures of specimens. For
this purpose, optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDS), and
X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were applied for microstructure investigations.
Sample hardness testing was carried out with the help of Vickers hardness
testing device. Composite layers of ceramic particles were homogeneously
distributed. Little pore formation was observed. While the upper and lower
composite layers of the FGMs produced were hard, the middle layer was found to
be ductile. The highest hardness value was reached in the B₄C
reinforced FGM.

Keywords

FGM, bronze, ceramic reinforcements

References

• [1] Z. Zhong-tao, L. Ting-ju, Y.Hong-yun, Z. Jian and L. Jie, “Preparation of Al/Si functionally graded materials using ultrasonic separation method”, China Foundry, 5, 3, pp. 194−198, 2008.
• [2] S.C. Ram, K. Chattopadhyay and I. Chakrabarty, “High temperature tensile properties of centrifugally cast in-situ Al-Mg2Si functionally graded composites for automotive cylinder block liners”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 724, pp. 84-97, 2017.
• [3] N. Radhika and R. Raghu, “Development of functionally graded aluminum composites using centrifugal casting and influence of reinforcements on mechanical and wear properties”, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 26, pp. 905−916, 2016.
• [4] S. Jamian, Y. Watanabe and H. Sato, “Formation of compositional gradient in Al/SiC FGMs fabricated under huge centrifugal forces using solid-particle and mixed-powder methods”, Ceramics International, 45, 7, pp. 9444-9453, 2019
• [5] H. Kwon, G.G. Lee, M. Leparoux and A. Kawasaki, “Functionally graded dual-nano particulate-reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials”, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 419, pp. 1−4, 2013.
• [6] Y. Miyamoto, W.A. Kaysser, B.H. Rabin, A. Kawasaki and R.G. Ford, (1999). Functionally Graded Materials Design, Processing and Applications. Springer, US, Boston, 1999.
• [7] S. Heuer, T. Lienig, A. Mohr, T. Weber, G. Pintsuk, J.W. Coenen and C. Linsmeier, “Ultra-fast sintered functionally graded Fe/W composites for the first wall of future fusion reactors”, Composites Part B: Engineering, 164, pp. 205-214, 2019.
• [8] Z.L. Chao, L.T. Jiang, G.Q. Chen, J. Qiao, Z.H. Yu, Y.F. Cao and G.H. Wu, “The microstructure and ballistic performance of B4C/AA2024 functionally graded composites with wide range B4C volume fraction”, Composites Part B: Engineering, 161, pp. 627-638, 2019.
• [9] G. Udupa, S.S. Rao and K.V. Gangadharan, “Functionally Graded Composite Materials: An Overview”, Procedia Materials Science, 5, pp. 1291-1299, 2014.
• [10] S. Decker and L. Krüger, “Mechanical properties of a CrMnNi steel/Mg-PSZ-FGM processed by asymmetric Spark Plasma Sintering”, Materials & Design, 115, pp. 8-16, 2017.
• [11] A. Toudehdehghan, J.W. Lim, K.E. Foo, M.I.N. Ma’arof and J. Mathews, “A brief review of functionally graded materials”, MATEC Web of Conferences, 131, EDP Sciences, 2017.
• [12] G. Cui, Q. Bi, S. Zhu, L. Fu, J. Yang, Z. Qiao and W. Liu, “Synergistic effect of alumina and graphite on bronze matrix composites: Tribological behaviors in sea water”, Wear, 303, 1-2, pp. 216-224, 2013.
• [13] C. Wu, R. Shi, J. Zhang, G. Luo, Q. Shen, Z. Gan and L. Zhang, “Synthesis of functionally graded AA7075-B4C composite with multi-level gradient structure”, Ceramics International, 45, 6, pp. 7761-7766, 2019.
• [14] M. Uysal, R. Karslioglu, H. Akbulut and A. Alp, “Characteristics Bronze/Al2O3 (Ni) Reinforcement Metal Matrix Composite Produced by Current Activated Sintering”, Proceedings of the 2nd International Congress APMAS2012, April 26-29, Antalya, Turkey, 2012.
• [15] K. Arslan and R. Gunes, “Experimental damage evaluation of honeycomb sandwich structures with Al/B4C FGM face plates under high velocity impact loads”, Composite Structures, 202, pp. 304-312, 2018.
• [16] R. Kumar and C.N. Chandrappa, “Synthesis and characterization of Al-SiC functionally graded material composites using powder metallurgy techniques”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 3, 8, pp. 15464–15471, 2014.
• [17] F. Erdemir, A. Canakci and T. Varol, “Microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of functionally graded Al2024/SiC composites prepared by powder metallurgy techniques”, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 25, pp.3569–3577, 2015.
• [18] D.T. Sarathchandra, S.K. Subbu and N. Venkaiah, “Functionally graded materials and processing techniques: An art of review”, Materials today: Proceedings, 5 10, pp. 21328-21334, 2018.
• [19] J. Sobczak and L. Drenchev, “Metallic Functionally Graded Materials: A Specific Class of Advanced Composites”, Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 29, 4, pp. 297-316, 2013.
• [20] M. Naebe and K. Shirvanimoghaddam, “Functionally graded materials: A review of fabrication and properties”, Applied Materials Today, 5, pp. 223-245, 2016
• [21] C.Y. Huang and Y.L. Chen, “Design and impact resistant analysis of functionally graded Al2O3–ZrO2 ceramic composite”, Materials & Design, 91, pp. 294-305, 2016.
• [22] S. Buytoz, F. Dagdelen, S. Islak, M. Kok, D. Kir and E. Ercan, “Effect of the TiC content on microstructure and thermal properties of Cu–TiC composites prepared by powder metallurgy”, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 117, 3, pp.1277-1283, 2014.
• [23] S. Yang, Z. Guo and M. Xia, “Effect of TiB Content on the Properties of Al-TiB Composites”, Science of Sintering, 50, 2, pp. 237-244, 2018.
• [24] S. Islak, “Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of AlCu Matrix Hybrid Composite Materials”, Science of Sintering, 51, 1, pp. 81-92, 2019