Research Article
PDF EndNote BibTex RIS Cite

The Effects of the Covid-19 Period on Carbon Footprint in Sakarya University Esentepe Campus

Year 2023, Volume 27, Issue 1, 14 - 21, 28.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1113024

Abstract

Climate change, one of the biggest threat of global life, is continuously triggered by greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere due to human activities. Carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the most important greenhouse gases, has revealed the concept of carbon footprint, and efforts to take mitigation measures by calculating it have become widespread. With sustainable campus studies, universities, where science and innovations are created, lead other institutions by creating the necessary database for measuring and managing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and calculating the corporate carbon footprint. This study calculated and compared the carbon footprints of Sakarya University Esentepe Campus for 2019 and 2020 when distance education was carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic. Greenhouse gas emissions resulting from activities on campus were calculated and converted to a CO2 equivalent. GHG emission factors and the Tier-1 method of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) were used in the calculations. As a result, the carbon footprint was 13273.38 tCO2e in 2019 and 6338.72 tCO2e in 2020. It was determined that the largest share of carbon emissions was due to the use of electrical energy. The results obtained for both years were compared, and a 47.7% reduction in total emissions was evaluated. In the light of current studies on carbon emission reduction, suggestions and measures need to be taken are summarized in this research.

References

  • [1] Rippon S., Dane A., “University of Cape Town Carbon Footprint for 2013”, Cape Town, USA, Report, 2014.,
  • [2] T. Boguski, “Life Cycle Carbon Footprint of the National Geographic Magazine”, International Journal of Life Cycle Asses, Vol. 15 (7), pp. 635-643, 2010.
  • [3] O. Bekiroğlu, “The New Rule of Sustainable Development”, II. National Congress of Electrical Installations. 2011.
  • [4] S. Aroonsrimorakot, C. Yuwaree, C. Arunlertaree, R. Hutajareorn, T. Buadit, “Carbon Footprint of Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus Tahiland”, APCBEE Procedia, vol.5, pp. 175-180, 2013.
  • [5] S. Sawant, B. Babaleshwar, “A New Method of Assessment and Equations on Carbon Footprint”, Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics, vol.3, pp.52-59, 2015.
  • [6] V. Filimonau, D. Archer, L. Bellamy, N. Smith, R. Wintrip, “The Carbon Footprint of a UK University During The COVID-19 Lockdown” United Kingdom Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus”, Science of Total Environment Vol.756, 2021.
  • [7] A. Devandran, M. Dewika, “Carbon Footprint Study Related to Electrical Energy Consumption for Sunway University. in Covid-19 Pandemic Selangor : Sunway University, 978-967-5492-56-3, 2021.
  • [8] S. Samuel, Folorunso, M. Oluwafemi Onibonoje, S. Tita Wara “Time Series-Based Carbon Footprint Forecast in a University Campus: ABUAD as a case study. Kenya: Power Africa”, IEEE Conference, 2021. 978-1-7281-6746-6.
  • [9] R. Rahul, J.Selvakumar, R.P. Kumar, S. Krishnaprabha, “A Study of Carbon Footprint in an Educational Institution in India. Hyderabad, India”, IEEE Conference, 2020. 978- 1-7281-4994-3.
  • [10] B. Gökçek, A. Bozdağ, H. Demirbağ, “Determination pf Carbon Foot print Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University”, Omer Halisdemir University Journal of Engineering Science, Vol.8 (2), 2019.
  • [11] J. Iskandar, N. Rahma, D. Rosnarti, A.B. Purnomo, “The carbon footprint of Trisakti University’s campus in Jakarta, Indonesia”, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 452(1), 012103, 2020.
  • [12] IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. Global Warming Potentials (Tablo 7.SM.7), 2021.
  • [13] Sakarya University information data (2022).https://www.sakarya.edu.tr/sayilarla- sau.html
  • [14] Emission Factors from cross sector tools, transport vehicle distance, the GHGs protocol, World Resources Institute, 2015.
  • [15] Emission Factors from cross sector tools, stationary combustion, the GHGs protocol, World Resources Institute, 2015.
  • [16] IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Chapter 6: Wastewater Treatment and Discharge, Vol. 5, 2006.
  • [17] Carbon gas conversion factor respiratory- DEFRA.
  • [18] WBCSD, & WRI A, Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard. Greenhouse Gas Protocol, 116, 2012.
  • [19] S. Ratha, M. Gümrükçüoğlu Yiğit, “Carbon Footprint Studies on Esentepe Campus of Sakarya University, Turkey in 2015”, Sakarya University Journal of Science, 1–1, 2017.
  • [20] G. Utkutuğ, “Architecture and High Performance Green Building Examples Towards a Sustainable Future”, X. National Installation Engineering Congress, Türkiye, 2011.

Year 2023, Volume 27, Issue 1, 14 - 21, 28.02.2023
https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1113024

Abstract

References

  • [1] Rippon S., Dane A., “University of Cape Town Carbon Footprint for 2013”, Cape Town, USA, Report, 2014.,
  • [2] T. Boguski, “Life Cycle Carbon Footprint of the National Geographic Magazine”, International Journal of Life Cycle Asses, Vol. 15 (7), pp. 635-643, 2010.
  • [3] O. Bekiroğlu, “The New Rule of Sustainable Development”, II. National Congress of Electrical Installations. 2011.
  • [4] S. Aroonsrimorakot, C. Yuwaree, C. Arunlertaree, R. Hutajareorn, T. Buadit, “Carbon Footprint of Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahidol University, Salaya Campus Tahiland”, APCBEE Procedia, vol.5, pp. 175-180, 2013.
  • [5] S. Sawant, B. Babaleshwar, “A New Method of Assessment and Equations on Carbon Footprint”, Journal of Applied Geology and Geophysics, vol.3, pp.52-59, 2015.
  • [6] V. Filimonau, D. Archer, L. Bellamy, N. Smith, R. Wintrip, “The Carbon Footprint of a UK University During The COVID-19 Lockdown” United Kingdom Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus”, Science of Total Environment Vol.756, 2021.
  • [7] A. Devandran, M. Dewika, “Carbon Footprint Study Related to Electrical Energy Consumption for Sunway University. in Covid-19 Pandemic Selangor : Sunway University, 978-967-5492-56-3, 2021.
  • [8] S. Samuel, Folorunso, M. Oluwafemi Onibonoje, S. Tita Wara “Time Series-Based Carbon Footprint Forecast in a University Campus: ABUAD as a case study. Kenya: Power Africa”, IEEE Conference, 2021. 978-1-7281-6746-6.
  • [9] R. Rahul, J.Selvakumar, R.P. Kumar, S. Krishnaprabha, “A Study of Carbon Footprint in an Educational Institution in India. Hyderabad, India”, IEEE Conference, 2020. 978- 1-7281-4994-3.
  • [10] B. Gökçek, A. Bozdağ, H. Demirbağ, “Determination pf Carbon Foot print Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University”, Omer Halisdemir University Journal of Engineering Science, Vol.8 (2), 2019.
  • [11] J. Iskandar, N. Rahma, D. Rosnarti, A.B. Purnomo, “The carbon footprint of Trisakti University’s campus in Jakarta, Indonesia”, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 452(1), 012103, 2020.
  • [12] IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. Global Warming Potentials (Tablo 7.SM.7), 2021.
  • [13] Sakarya University information data (2022).https://www.sakarya.edu.tr/sayilarla- sau.html
  • [14] Emission Factors from cross sector tools, transport vehicle distance, the GHGs protocol, World Resources Institute, 2015.
  • [15] Emission Factors from cross sector tools, stationary combustion, the GHGs protocol, World Resources Institute, 2015.
  • [16] IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Chapter 6: Wastewater Treatment and Discharge, Vol. 5, 2006.
  • [17] Carbon gas conversion factor respiratory- DEFRA.
  • [18] WBCSD, & WRI A, Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard. Greenhouse Gas Protocol, 116, 2012.
  • [19] S. Ratha, M. Gümrükçüoğlu Yiğit, “Carbon Footprint Studies on Esentepe Campus of Sakarya University, Turkey in 2015”, Sakarya University Journal of Science, 1–1, 2017.
  • [20] G. Utkutuğ, “Architecture and High Performance Green Building Examples Towards a Sustainable Future”, X. National Installation Engineering Congress, Türkiye, 2011.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Environmental Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Mahnaz YİĞİT> (Primary Author)
Sakarya Üniversitesi
0000-0001-8991-9221
Türkiye


Merve ŞENEREN>
SAKARYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ
0000-0002-8121-710X
Türkiye

Publication Date February 28, 2023
Submission Date May 6, 2022
Acceptance Date November 7, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023, Volume 27, Issue 1

Cite

Bibtex @research article { saufenbilder1113024, journal = {Sakarya University Journal of Science}, eissn = {2147-835X}, address = {}, publisher = {Sakarya University}, year = {2023}, volume = {27}, number = {1}, pages = {14 - 21}, doi = {10.16984/saufenbilder.1113024}, title = {The Effects of the Covid-19 Period on Carbon Footprint in Sakarya University Esentepe Campus}, key = {cite}, author = {Yiğit, Mahnaz and Şeneren, Merve} }
APA Yiğit, M. & Şeneren, M. (2023). The Effects of the Covid-19 Period on Carbon Footprint in Sakarya University Esentepe Campus . Sakarya University Journal of Science , 27 (1) , 14-21 . DOI: 10.16984/saufenbilder.1113024
MLA Yiğit, M. , Şeneren, M. "The Effects of the Covid-19 Period on Carbon Footprint in Sakarya University Esentepe Campus" . Sakarya University Journal of Science 27 (2023 ): 14-21 <https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/saufenbilder/issue/75859/1113024>
Chicago Yiğit, M. , Şeneren, M. "The Effects of the Covid-19 Period on Carbon Footprint in Sakarya University Esentepe Campus". Sakarya University Journal of Science 27 (2023 ): 14-21
RIS TY - JOUR T1 - The Effects of the Covid-19 Period on Carbon Footprint in Sakarya University Esentepe Campus AU - MahnazYiğit, MerveŞeneren Y1 - 2023 PY - 2023 N1 - doi: 10.16984/saufenbilder.1113024 DO - 10.16984/saufenbilder.1113024 T2 - Sakarya University Journal of Science JF - Journal JO - JOR SP - 14 EP - 21 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - -2147-835X M3 - doi: 10.16984/saufenbilder.1113024 UR - https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1113024 Y2 - 2022 ER -
EndNote %0 Sakarya University Journal of Science The Effects of the Covid-19 Period on Carbon Footprint in Sakarya University Esentepe Campus %A Mahnaz Yiğit , Merve Şeneren %T The Effects of the Covid-19 Period on Carbon Footprint in Sakarya University Esentepe Campus %D 2023 %J Sakarya University Journal of Science %P -2147-835X %V 27 %N 1 %R doi: 10.16984/saufenbilder.1113024 %U 10.16984/saufenbilder.1113024
ISNAD Yiğit, Mahnaz , Şeneren, Merve . "The Effects of the Covid-19 Period on Carbon Footprint in Sakarya University Esentepe Campus". Sakarya University Journal of Science 27 / 1 (February 2023): 14-21 . https://doi.org/10.16984/saufenbilder.1113024
AMA Yiğit M. , Şeneren M. The Effects of the Covid-19 Period on Carbon Footprint in Sakarya University Esentepe Campus. SAUJS. 2023; 27(1): 14-21.
Vancouver Yiğit M. , Şeneren M. The Effects of the Covid-19 Period on Carbon Footprint in Sakarya University Esentepe Campus. Sakarya University Journal of Science. 2023; 27(1): 14-21.
IEEE M. Yiğit and M. Şeneren , "The Effects of the Covid-19 Period on Carbon Footprint in Sakarya University Esentepe Campus", Sakarya University Journal of Science, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 14-21, Feb. 2023, doi:10.16984/saufenbilder.1113024

Sakarya University Journal of Science (SAUJS)