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Is the Climate Crisis a Women's Rights Crisis?

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 155 - 170
https://doi.org/10.61158/saukad.1481144

Abstract

While no corner of the globe is exempt from the consequences of the climate crisis, no living thing in the world can be considered separate from the negativities brought about by the climate crisis. Although the climate crisis is a phenomenon that affects every living thing and every human being, it is not experienced equally by every individual. Especially those in disaster-affected areas and those who lack the necessary resources or capabilities to cope with the problems they face due to social, economic, cultural, and political inequalities are more affected by the climate crisis. The disadvantages that individuals have in different areas such as age, socioeconomic status and disability cause them to experience the climate crisis more deeply. Gender is one of the factors that stand at the intersection of inequalities and the risks brought about by climate change, which are effective in experiencing the climate crisis more deeply. In other words, gender inequality may play a role in the impact of the climate crisis on individuals, and the experiences of individuals may differ on the axis of gender. This study addresses the issues of climate crisis and gender inequality and aims to emphasise the importance of gender equality in combating the climate crisis by making visible the inequalities experienced by women and girls due to the climate crisis.

References

  • African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, Department for International Development, United Kingdom, Directorate-General for Development European Commission, Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development Germany, Ministry of Foreign Affairs -Development Cooperation the Netherlands, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, United Nations Development Programme, United Nations Environment Programme, The World Bank. (2012). Poverty and Climate Change. The World Bank.
  • Aguilar, L. (2004). Climate Change and Disaster Mitigation. Gland: International Union for Conservation of Nature.
  • Aksay, C. S., Ketenoğlu, O. & Kurt, L. (2005). Küresel Isınma ve İklim Değişikliği. Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Fen Dergisi, 1 (25), 29-42.
  • Birleşmiş Milletler. (1994). İklim Değişikliği Çerçeve Sözleşmesi. https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/iklim/webmenu/webmenu12421_1.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 04.05.2022).
  • Bora, A. (2021). Feminizm Kendi Arasında. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • CARE Canada. (2010). Cyclone Nargis: Myanmar two years later. Ottawa: CARE Canada.
  • Crenshaw, K. (1991). Mapping the margins: Identity politics, intersectionality, and violence against women. Stanford Law Review, 1241-1299.
  • Demirbaş, M. & Aydın, R. (2020). 21. Yüzyılın En Büyük Tehdidi: Küresel İklim Değişikliği. Ecological Life Sciences, 15 (4), 163-179.
  • EKOIQ. (2022). Türkiye’nin İklim Politikaları Cinsiyete Duyarlı Değil. https://ekoiq.com/2018/05/30/turkiyenin-iklim-politikalari-cinsiyete-duyarli-degil/, (Erişim Tarihi: 06.05.2022).
  • European Institute for Gender Equality. (2021). Decision-making in environment and climate change: women woefully under-represented in the EU Member States. https://eige.europa.eu/gender-statistics/dgs/data-talks/decision-making-environment-and-climate-change-women-woefully-under-represented-eu-member-states, (Erişim Tarihi: 26.02.2023).
  • FAO. (2019). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019. Roma: FAO.
  • Habtezion, S. (2016). Gender, climate change and food security. Finland: UNDP.
  • IFAD. (2011). Women and rural development. Rome: International Fund for Agricultural Development.
  • ILO. (2012). Empower Rural Women End Poverty And Hunger. Cenevre: ILO.
  • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2014). Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerabiltiy. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC. (2022). Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 3056 pp., doi:10.1017/9781009325844.
  • Kara, Y. (2021). Kesişimsellik İklim Değişikliğinin Neresinde?. Uluslararası Kültürel ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7 (1), 1-16. DOI: 10.46442/intjcss.729485
  • Kovancı, E. (2019). İklim Krizi Bağlamında Toplumsal Cinsiyet Tartışması ve Türkiye. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi Doktora Tezi.
  • MSI Reproductive Choices. (2024). msichoices.org. 14 million women at risk of losing access to contraception due to climate-related displacement. https://www.msichoices.org/latest/14-million-women-at-risk-of-losing-access-to-contraception-due-to-climate-related-displacement/. (Erişim Tarihi: 16.09.2024).
  • Osman-Elasha, B. (2009). SPECIAL CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUE: "To Protect Succeeding Generations...". UN Chronicle, 3 (4). Vol. XLVI .
  • OXFAM. (2009). Climate Change and Gender Justice. Oxford: Oxfam.
  • OXFAM. (2022). Inequality Kills. Oxford: Oxfam GB.
  • Talu, N. (2015). Türkiye’de İklim Değişikliği Siyaseti. Editör: İsmail Yılmaz, Phoenix Yayınevi, Ankara.
  • Talu, N. (2017). İklim Değişikliği ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Politika Belirleme Süreçleri. Yasama Dergisi, (33), 68-87.
  • Tatgın, E. (2019). İklim Adaleti Kapsamında Toplumsal Cinsiyet Tartışması. Kent ve Çevre Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1 (1), 104-118.
  • The International Network of Women’s Funds and the Alliance of Funds. (2015). Climate Justice and Women’s Rights: A Guide to Supporting Grassroots Women’s. https://www.greengrants.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Climate-Justice-and-Womens-Rights-Guide1.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 08.05.2022).
  • Ugboma, M. (2014). AVAILABILITY AND USE OF INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE AMONGST RURAL WOMEN IN NIGERIA. Library Philosophy and Practice, 1167.
  • UN. (2022). Women, Gender Equality and Climate Change. https://www.un.org/womenwatch/feature/climate_change/, (Erişim Tarihi: 06.05.2022).
  • UNDP. (2007). Human Development Report 2007/2008. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • UNDP. (2022). Climate Change and the Rise of Poverty. https://www.undp.org/blog/climate-change-and-rise-poverty?utm_source=EN&utm_medium=GSR&utm_content=US_UNDP_PaidSearch_Brand_English&utm_campaign=CENTRAL&c_src=CENTRAL&c_src2=GSR&gclid=Cj0KCQjw1N2TBhCOARIsAGVHQc737ckJCB54cHm3lRAfxM3gguJVcGmCciIFFVkYF7nhLhZ, (Erişim Tarihi: 08.05.2022).
  • UNEP. (2020). GENDER,CLIMATE&SECURITY Sustaining inclusive peace on the frontlines of climate change. https://cnxus.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GCS_PolicyReport_200611.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 12.09.2024).
  • UNFCCC COP 18. (2012). Report of the Conference of the Parties on its eighteenth session. Doha: United Nations.
  • UNFCCC COP 21. (2015). 21st Conference of Parties. Marakeş: United Nations.
  • UNFCCC COP13. (2007). Gender equality and women's empowerment for the enhanced and effective implementation of the Convention. Ordos: UN.
  • UNFPA. (2022). Five Ways Climate Change Hurts Women and Girls. https://www.unfpa.org/news/five-ways-climate-change-hurts-women-and-girls, (Erişim Tarihi: 13.05.2022).
  • UNICEF. (2024). Climate Change Impact on Adolescent Girls. https://www.unicef.org/mena/reports/climate-change-impact-adolescent-girls, (Erişim Tarihi: 16.09.2024).
  • United Nations. (2015). Paris Anlaşması. https://iklim.gov.tr/db/turkce/dokumanlar/paris-anlasmasi-13-20220808231948.pdf. (Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2024).
  • United Nations Environment Programme. (2012). Global Environment Outlook 5 (GEO 5): Environment for the Future We Want. Malta: UNEP.
  • UNWOMEN. (2018). Turning Promises into Action: Gender Equality in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. https://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2018/2/gender-equality-in-the-2030-agenda-for-sustainable-development-2018#view, (Erişim Tarihi: 12.09.2024).
  • UNWOMEN. (2022). Women in Bangladesh Build Resilience Against Climate Change. https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2015/9/bangladesh-climate-change, (Erişim Tarihi: 16.05.2022).
  • Vickers, Emma (2019). "When Is Change a ‘Crisis’? Why Climate Terms Matter?". https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-17/when-is-change-a-crisis-why-climate-terms-matter-quicktake#xj4y7vzkg, (Erişim Tarihi: 08.05.2022).
  • Vinyeta, K., Whyte, K., & Lynn, K. (2015). Climate Change Through an Intersectional Lens: Gendered Vulnerability and Resilience in Indigenous Communities in the United States. USA: United States Department of Agriculture.
  • World Meteorological Organization. (2022). State of the Global Climate 2021.https://library.wmo.int/viewer/56300?medianame=1290_Statement_2021_en_#page=1&viewer=picture&o=&n=0&q=, (Erişim Tarihi: 09.04.2022).
  • WWF. (2022). Ne Yapıyoruz: İklim Değişikliği ve Enerji. https://www.wwf.org.tr/ne_yapiyoruz/iklim_degisikligi_ve_enerji/iklim_degisikligi/, (Erişim Tarihi: 20.04.2022).

İklim Krizi Bir Kadın Hakları Krizi Mi?

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 155 - 170
https://doi.org/10.61158/saukad.1481144

Abstract

Dünya üzerindeki hiçbir köşe, iklim krizinin sonuçlarından muaf değilken dünyadaki hiçbir canlı iklim krizinin getirdiği olumsuzluklardan ayrı düşünülemez. İklim krizi her canlıyı ve her insanı etkileyen bir olgu olsa da her birey tarafından eşit deneyimlenmemektedir. Özellikle afetlerden etkilenen bölgelerde bulunanlar ve sosyal, ekonomik, kültürel ve politik eşitsizlikler nedeni ile yaşadıkları sorunlarla baş edebilmek için gerekli kaynaklardan ya da yapabilirliklerden yoksun olanlar iklim krizinden daha fazla etkilenebilmektedir. Diğer bir ifadeyle bireylerin yaş, sosyoekonomik durum, engellilik gibi farklı konularda sahip olduğu dezavantajlar, iklim krizini daha derinden deneyimlemelerine zemin hazırlayabilmektedir. İklim krizinin daha derinden deneyimlenmesinde etkili olan, iklim değişikliğinin getirdiği riskler ile eşitsizliklerin kesişiminde duran etkenlerden biri ise cinsiyettir. Toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliği iklim krizinin bireylere etkisinde rol oynayabilmekte, kişilerin deneyimleri cinsiyet ekseninde farklılaşabilmektedir. Bu çalışma, iklim krizi ve cinsiyet eşitsizliği konularını ele almakta olup kadınların ve kız çocuklarının iklim krizi nedeni ile yaşadıkları eşitsizlikleri görünür kılarak iklim krizi ile mücadelede toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin önemini vurgulamayı amaçlamaktadır.

References

  • African Development Bank, Asian Development Bank, Department for International Development, United Kingdom, Directorate-General for Development European Commission, Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development Germany, Ministry of Foreign Affairs -Development Cooperation the Netherlands, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, United Nations Development Programme, United Nations Environment Programme, The World Bank. (2012). Poverty and Climate Change. The World Bank.
  • Aguilar, L. (2004). Climate Change and Disaster Mitigation. Gland: International Union for Conservation of Nature.
  • Aksay, C. S., Ketenoğlu, O. & Kurt, L. (2005). Küresel Isınma ve İklim Değişikliği. Selçuk Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Fen Dergisi, 1 (25), 29-42.
  • Birleşmiş Milletler. (1994). İklim Değişikliği Çerçeve Sözleşmesi. https://webdosya.csb.gov.tr/db/iklim/webmenu/webmenu12421_1.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 04.05.2022).
  • Bora, A. (2021). Feminizm Kendi Arasında. İstanbul: İletişim.
  • CARE Canada. (2010). Cyclone Nargis: Myanmar two years later. Ottawa: CARE Canada.
  • Crenshaw, K. (1991). Mapping the margins: Identity politics, intersectionality, and violence against women. Stanford Law Review, 1241-1299.
  • Demirbaş, M. & Aydın, R. (2020). 21. Yüzyılın En Büyük Tehdidi: Küresel İklim Değişikliği. Ecological Life Sciences, 15 (4), 163-179.
  • EKOIQ. (2022). Türkiye’nin İklim Politikaları Cinsiyete Duyarlı Değil. https://ekoiq.com/2018/05/30/turkiyenin-iklim-politikalari-cinsiyete-duyarli-degil/, (Erişim Tarihi: 06.05.2022).
  • European Institute for Gender Equality. (2021). Decision-making in environment and climate change: women woefully under-represented in the EU Member States. https://eige.europa.eu/gender-statistics/dgs/data-talks/decision-making-environment-and-climate-change-women-woefully-under-represented-eu-member-states, (Erişim Tarihi: 26.02.2023).
  • FAO. (2019). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2019. Roma: FAO.
  • Habtezion, S. (2016). Gender, climate change and food security. Finland: UNDP.
  • IFAD. (2011). Women and rural development. Rome: International Fund for Agricultural Development.
  • ILO. (2012). Empower Rural Women End Poverty And Hunger. Cenevre: ILO.
  • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2014). Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerabiltiy. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC. (2022). Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 3056 pp., doi:10.1017/9781009325844.
  • Kara, Y. (2021). Kesişimsellik İklim Değişikliğinin Neresinde?. Uluslararası Kültürel ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7 (1), 1-16. DOI: 10.46442/intjcss.729485
  • Kovancı, E. (2019). İklim Krizi Bağlamında Toplumsal Cinsiyet Tartışması ve Türkiye. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi Doktora Tezi.
  • MSI Reproductive Choices. (2024). msichoices.org. 14 million women at risk of losing access to contraception due to climate-related displacement. https://www.msichoices.org/latest/14-million-women-at-risk-of-losing-access-to-contraception-due-to-climate-related-displacement/. (Erişim Tarihi: 16.09.2024).
  • Osman-Elasha, B. (2009). SPECIAL CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUE: "To Protect Succeeding Generations...". UN Chronicle, 3 (4). Vol. XLVI .
  • OXFAM. (2009). Climate Change and Gender Justice. Oxford: Oxfam.
  • OXFAM. (2022). Inequality Kills. Oxford: Oxfam GB.
  • Talu, N. (2015). Türkiye’de İklim Değişikliği Siyaseti. Editör: İsmail Yılmaz, Phoenix Yayınevi, Ankara.
  • Talu, N. (2017). İklim Değişikliği ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Politika Belirleme Süreçleri. Yasama Dergisi, (33), 68-87.
  • Tatgın, E. (2019). İklim Adaleti Kapsamında Toplumsal Cinsiyet Tartışması. Kent ve Çevre Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1 (1), 104-118.
  • The International Network of Women’s Funds and the Alliance of Funds. (2015). Climate Justice and Women’s Rights: A Guide to Supporting Grassroots Women’s. https://www.greengrants.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Climate-Justice-and-Womens-Rights-Guide1.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 08.05.2022).
  • Ugboma, M. (2014). AVAILABILITY AND USE OF INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE AMONGST RURAL WOMEN IN NIGERIA. Library Philosophy and Practice, 1167.
  • UN. (2022). Women, Gender Equality and Climate Change. https://www.un.org/womenwatch/feature/climate_change/, (Erişim Tarihi: 06.05.2022).
  • UNDP. (2007). Human Development Report 2007/2008. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • UNDP. (2022). Climate Change and the Rise of Poverty. https://www.undp.org/blog/climate-change-and-rise-poverty?utm_source=EN&utm_medium=GSR&utm_content=US_UNDP_PaidSearch_Brand_English&utm_campaign=CENTRAL&c_src=CENTRAL&c_src2=GSR&gclid=Cj0KCQjw1N2TBhCOARIsAGVHQc737ckJCB54cHm3lRAfxM3gguJVcGmCciIFFVkYF7nhLhZ, (Erişim Tarihi: 08.05.2022).
  • UNEP. (2020). GENDER,CLIMATE&SECURITY Sustaining inclusive peace on the frontlines of climate change. https://cnxus.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/GCS_PolicyReport_200611.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 12.09.2024).
  • UNFCCC COP 18. (2012). Report of the Conference of the Parties on its eighteenth session. Doha: United Nations.
  • UNFCCC COP 21. (2015). 21st Conference of Parties. Marakeş: United Nations.
  • UNFCCC COP13. (2007). Gender equality and women's empowerment for the enhanced and effective implementation of the Convention. Ordos: UN.
  • UNFPA. (2022). Five Ways Climate Change Hurts Women and Girls. https://www.unfpa.org/news/five-ways-climate-change-hurts-women-and-girls, (Erişim Tarihi: 13.05.2022).
  • UNICEF. (2024). Climate Change Impact on Adolescent Girls. https://www.unicef.org/mena/reports/climate-change-impact-adolescent-girls, (Erişim Tarihi: 16.09.2024).
  • United Nations. (2015). Paris Anlaşması. https://iklim.gov.tr/db/turkce/dokumanlar/paris-anlasmasi-13-20220808231948.pdf. (Erişim Tarihi: 17.09.2024).
  • United Nations Environment Programme. (2012). Global Environment Outlook 5 (GEO 5): Environment for the Future We Want. Malta: UNEP.
  • UNWOMEN. (2018). Turning Promises into Action: Gender Equality in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. https://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2018/2/gender-equality-in-the-2030-agenda-for-sustainable-development-2018#view, (Erişim Tarihi: 12.09.2024).
  • UNWOMEN. (2022). Women in Bangladesh Build Resilience Against Climate Change. https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2015/9/bangladesh-climate-change, (Erişim Tarihi: 16.05.2022).
  • Vickers, Emma (2019). "When Is Change a ‘Crisis’? Why Climate Terms Matter?". https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-17/when-is-change-a-crisis-why-climate-terms-matter-quicktake#xj4y7vzkg, (Erişim Tarihi: 08.05.2022).
  • Vinyeta, K., Whyte, K., & Lynn, K. (2015). Climate Change Through an Intersectional Lens: Gendered Vulnerability and Resilience in Indigenous Communities in the United States. USA: United States Department of Agriculture.
  • World Meteorological Organization. (2022). State of the Global Climate 2021.https://library.wmo.int/viewer/56300?medianame=1290_Statement_2021_en_#page=1&viewer=picture&o=&n=0&q=, (Erişim Tarihi: 09.04.2022).
  • WWF. (2022). Ne Yapıyoruz: İklim Değişikliği ve Enerji. https://www.wwf.org.tr/ne_yapiyoruz/iklim_degisikligi_ve_enerji/iklim_degisikligi/, (Erişim Tarihi: 20.04.2022).
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Women's Studies
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Betül Kübra Doğan 0000-0002-4186-4345

Aslıhan Aykara 0000-0002-0932-8569

Early Pub Date December 9, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date May 9, 2024
Acceptance Date October 10, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Doğan, B. K., & Aykara, A. (2024). İklim Krizi Bir Kadın Hakları Krizi Mi?. Sakarya Üniversitesi Kadın Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(2), 155-170. https://doi.org/10.61158/saukad.1481144
30984  The content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.