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KAMU SEKTÖRÜ İKLİMLE İLGİLİ AÇIKLAMALAR STANDARDI TASLAĞININ ANALİZİ ve IFRS S2 STANDARDI İLE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Year 2025, Volume: 36 Issue: 137, 185 - 216, 17.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.52836/sayistay.1707218

Abstract

İklim değişikliği, kamu yönetiminin yalnızca çevresel değil, aynı zamanda mali, yönetsel ve sosyal sorumluluklarının da yeniden tanımlanmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Kamu kurumları, hem kendi faaliyetlerinden kaynaklanan çevresel etkiler hem de yürüttükleri kamu politikalarının sonuçları açısından çok katmanlı bir sorumluluk taşımaktadır. Bu bağlamda, sürdürülebilirlik raporlaması artık yalnızca gönüllülüğe dayalı bir uygulama değil; hesap verebilir, şeffaf ve entegre kamu mali yönetimi anlayışının ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır. Bu çalışmada, kamu sektörüne yönelik ilk sürdürülebilirlik raporlama standardı olarak Uluslararası Kamu Sektörü Muhasebe Standartları Kurulu tarafından yayımlanan SRS ED 1 İklimle İlgili Açıklamalar Taslağı analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca özel sektör için geliştirilen IFRS S2 İklimle İlgili Açıklamalar Standardı ile yapısal ve içeriksel düzeyde karşılaştırılarak, kamu sektörü için tasarlanan düzenleyici çerçevenin özgün yönleri ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmanın bulguları, SRS ED 1 İklimle İlgili Açıklamalar Taslağı’ nın özel sektör odaklı standartlardan farklı olarak kamu politikası sonuçlarının raporlanmasını zorunlu kılması, genişletilmiş bir önemlilik tanımı sunması ve kamu maliyesi ile entegrasyonu önceliklendirmesi yönüyle kamu sektörüne özgü kritik ihtiyaçlara cevap verdiğini göstermektedir. İklimle İlgili Açıklamalar Taslağı SRS ED 1’in hayata geçirilebilmesi; stratejik planlamadan bütçelemeye, performans yönetiminden veri altyapısına kadar bütüncül bir dönüşüm sürecini gerektirmektedir.

References

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  • Biondi, L. ve Bracci, E. (2019). NonFinancial Reporting in the Public Sector: Alternatives, Trends and Opportunities. Revista de Contabilidad - Spanish Accounting Review, 22(2), 122–128.
  • Brusca, I., Bisogno, M., Cohen, S. ve ManesRossi, F. (2024). New Development: Assurance on Public Sector Sustainability Reporting Time to Be Proactive. Public Money & Management, 44(8), 723–726.
  • CIPFA (2021). Evolving Climate Accountability: A Global Review of Public Sector Environmental Reporting. London: Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy.
  • CIPFA (2023). Public Sector Sustainability Reporting: Time to Step it up. London: Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy.
  • DEFRA (2025). UK Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. London: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.
  • Domingues, A. R., Lozano, R., Ceulemans, K. ve Ramos, T. B. (2017). Sustainability Reporting in Public Sector Organisations: Exploring The Relation Between The Reporting Process and Organisational Change Management for Sustainability. Journal of Environmental Management, 192, 292–301.
  • Edwards, I., Yapp, K., Mackay, S. ve Mackey, B. (2020). Climate-Related Financial Disclosures in The Public Sector. Nature Climate Change, 10(7), 588-591.
  • Farneti, F. ve Guthrie, J. (2009). Sustainability Reporting by Australian Public Sector organisations: Why they report? Accounting Forum, 33 (2), 89–98.
  • Gherardi, L., Linsalata, A. M., Gagliardo, E. D. ve Orelli, R. L. (2021). Accountability and Reporting for Sustainability and Public Value: Challenges in the Public Sector. Sustainability, 13 (3), 1097.
  • GRI (2004). Sustainability Reporting Guidelines, Amsderdam: Global Reporting Initiative.
  • Greiling, D., Traxler, A. A. ve Stötzer, S. (2015). Sustainability Reporting in the Austrian, German and Swiss Public Sector. International Journal of Public Sector Management. 28(4/5), 404–428.
  • Grossi, G., Mauro, S. G. ve Cinquini, L. (2020). Sustainability Reporting in The Public Sector: A Critical Analysis. Journal of Public Budgeting. Accounting & Financial Management, 32(2), 189–207.
  • IIRC - CIPFA (2016). Focusing on Value Creation in the Public Sector. London: International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC) & Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy.
  • IPSASB (2024a). Proposed International Public Sector Accounting Standard: SRS ED 1, Climate-related disclosures. Newyork: International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board.
  • IPSASB (2024b). At a Glance: Exposure Draft 1 – Climate-related Disclosures. Newyork: International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board.
  • ISSB (2023). IFRS S2 Climate-related Disclosures. IFRS Foundation. London: International Sustainability Standards Board.
  • Kaur, A. ve Lodhia, S. K. (2019). Sustainability Accounting, Accountability, and Reporting in The Public Sector: An Overview and Suggestions for Future Research. Meditari Accountancy Research, 27(4), 498–504.
  • Kawahara, N. (2017). Possibilities and Challenges of Public Sector Sustainability Reporting. The LEC Accounting School Bulletin. LEC Graduate School of Accounting, 16(0), 147–160.
  • Köse, H.Ö. ve Önder, M. (2023). Parlamento Adına Denetim İşlevi ve Yüksek Denetim Kurumları. Kamu Yönetiminde Denetim: Temel Paradigmalar, Değişim ve Yeni Yönelişler (Ed. Köse, H.Ö. ve Önder, M.). Sayıştay Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Küçükaycan, D. (2022). Sürdürülebilirlik Muhasebesi ve Raporlamasının Kamu Mali Yönetimindeki Öneminin Teorik Açıdan İncelenmesi. Denetişim, 25, 116–130.
  • Milionis, N., Kose, H.O. ve Tartaggia, M. (2021). The European Union and Climate Change: An Auditor’s Perspective. TCA Journal/Sayıştay Dergisi, 32 (122), 9-35.
  • Mol, A., van Schie, V. ve Budding, T. (2024). Drivers of Sustainability Reporting by Local Governments Over Time: A Structured Literature Review. Financial Accountability and Management, 41(1), 200–229.
  • Morrison, L. J., Alshamari, A. ve Panchal Arora, M. (2025). Stakeholder Perceptions of Public Sector Sustainability Reporting – Views From IPSASB Consultations. Sustainability Accounting. Management and Policy Journal, 16(4), 1134–1164.
  • OECD (2024a). Infrastructure for a Climate-resilient Future, OECD Publishing. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development.
  • OECD (2024b). Green Budgeting in OECD Countries 2024, OECD Publishing. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development.
  • TCFD (2017). Recommendations of the Task Force on Climaterelated Financial Disclosures. Basel: Task Force on Climate‑related Financial Disclosures.
  • T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı (2023). Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Ulusal Katkı Beyanı (NDC). Ankara.
  • T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı (2024), Montreal Protokolü, Ankara.
  • TÜPRAŞ (2024). 2024 Entegre Faaliyet Raporu. Ankara: Türkiye Petrol Rafinerileri A.Ş.
  • UN (2015). Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Newyork: United Nations.
  • Uyar, A., Kuzey, C. ve Kılıç, M. (2021a). Sustainable Stock Market and Sustainability Reporting Propensity of the Public Sector: Mediating Role of the Private Sector. International Journal of Public Administration, 44(4), 322–335.
  • Uyar, A., Kuzey, C. ve Kılıç, M. (2021b). Testing The Spillover Effects of Sustainability Reporting: Evidence from The Public Sector. International Journal of Public Administration, 44(3), 231–240.
  • Uyar, A., Karmani, M., Kuzey, C., Kılıç, M. ve Yaacoub, C. (2022). Does Governance Quality Explain The Sustainability Reporting Tendency of The Public Sector? Worldwide evidence. International Journal of Public Administration, 45(13), 931–947.
  • WCED (1987). Our Common Future. Oxford: World Commission on Environment and Development.
  • WEF (2024). Global Risks Report 2024. Geneva: World Economic Forum.
  • WRI - WBCSD (2004). The Greenhouse Gas Protocol: A corporate accounting and reporting standard. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute - World Business Council for Sustainable Development.

CLIMATE-RELATED REPORTING IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE IPSASB EXPOSURE DRAFT

Year 2025, Volume: 36 Issue: 137, 185 - 216, 17.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.52836/sayistay.1707218

Abstract

Global risks such as climate change, natural disasters, and the unsustainable use of resources have significant environmental, social, and economic impacts on the public sector. In this context, sustainability reporting requires public institutions to transparently disclose both the risks and opportunities related to their own operations and climate policy programs. This study examines the “SRS ED 1 – Exposure Draft on Climate-Related Disclosures” issued by the IPSASB and compares it with IFRS S2, which was developed for the private sector. In addition, academic studies on sustainability reporting in the public sector are reviewed, and policy recommendations are presented based on the case of the United Kingdom.

References

  • Akan, A. ve Şendurur, U. (2023). Büyükşehir Belediyelerinde Sürdürülebilirlik Raporlaması. In: Hacıhasanoğlu, T. ve İğde, M. (eds.), Güncel Gelişmeler Ekseninde Muhasebe ve Denetim. Özgür Yayınları.
  • Bircan, G. (2025). Bağımsız Denetimde Yeni Paradigma: Sürdürülebilirlik Güvence Denetimi. Sayıştay Dergisi, 36(136), 35-66.
  • Biondi, L. ve Bracci, E. (2019). NonFinancial Reporting in the Public Sector: Alternatives, Trends and Opportunities. Revista de Contabilidad - Spanish Accounting Review, 22(2), 122–128.
  • Brusca, I., Bisogno, M., Cohen, S. ve ManesRossi, F. (2024). New Development: Assurance on Public Sector Sustainability Reporting Time to Be Proactive. Public Money & Management, 44(8), 723–726.
  • CIPFA (2021). Evolving Climate Accountability: A Global Review of Public Sector Environmental Reporting. London: Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy.
  • CIPFA (2023). Public Sector Sustainability Reporting: Time to Step it up. London: Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy.
  • DEFRA (2025). UK Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting. London: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.
  • Domingues, A. R., Lozano, R., Ceulemans, K. ve Ramos, T. B. (2017). Sustainability Reporting in Public Sector Organisations: Exploring The Relation Between The Reporting Process and Organisational Change Management for Sustainability. Journal of Environmental Management, 192, 292–301.
  • Edwards, I., Yapp, K., Mackay, S. ve Mackey, B. (2020). Climate-Related Financial Disclosures in The Public Sector. Nature Climate Change, 10(7), 588-591.
  • Farneti, F. ve Guthrie, J. (2009). Sustainability Reporting by Australian Public Sector organisations: Why they report? Accounting Forum, 33 (2), 89–98.
  • Gherardi, L., Linsalata, A. M., Gagliardo, E. D. ve Orelli, R. L. (2021). Accountability and Reporting for Sustainability and Public Value: Challenges in the Public Sector. Sustainability, 13 (3), 1097.
  • GRI (2004). Sustainability Reporting Guidelines, Amsderdam: Global Reporting Initiative.
  • Greiling, D., Traxler, A. A. ve Stötzer, S. (2015). Sustainability Reporting in the Austrian, German and Swiss Public Sector. International Journal of Public Sector Management. 28(4/5), 404–428.
  • Grossi, G., Mauro, S. G. ve Cinquini, L. (2020). Sustainability Reporting in The Public Sector: A Critical Analysis. Journal of Public Budgeting. Accounting & Financial Management, 32(2), 189–207.
  • IIRC - CIPFA (2016). Focusing on Value Creation in the Public Sector. London: International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC) & Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy.
  • IPSASB (2024a). Proposed International Public Sector Accounting Standard: SRS ED 1, Climate-related disclosures. Newyork: International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board.
  • IPSASB (2024b). At a Glance: Exposure Draft 1 – Climate-related Disclosures. Newyork: International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board.
  • ISSB (2023). IFRS S2 Climate-related Disclosures. IFRS Foundation. London: International Sustainability Standards Board.
  • Kaur, A. ve Lodhia, S. K. (2019). Sustainability Accounting, Accountability, and Reporting in The Public Sector: An Overview and Suggestions for Future Research. Meditari Accountancy Research, 27(4), 498–504.
  • Kawahara, N. (2017). Possibilities and Challenges of Public Sector Sustainability Reporting. The LEC Accounting School Bulletin. LEC Graduate School of Accounting, 16(0), 147–160.
  • Köse, H.Ö. ve Önder, M. (2023). Parlamento Adına Denetim İşlevi ve Yüksek Denetim Kurumları. Kamu Yönetiminde Denetim: Temel Paradigmalar, Değişim ve Yeni Yönelişler (Ed. Köse, H.Ö. ve Önder, M.). Sayıştay Yayınları, Ankara.
  • Küçükaycan, D. (2022). Sürdürülebilirlik Muhasebesi ve Raporlamasının Kamu Mali Yönetimindeki Öneminin Teorik Açıdan İncelenmesi. Denetişim, 25, 116–130.
  • Milionis, N., Kose, H.O. ve Tartaggia, M. (2021). The European Union and Climate Change: An Auditor’s Perspective. TCA Journal/Sayıştay Dergisi, 32 (122), 9-35.
  • Mol, A., van Schie, V. ve Budding, T. (2024). Drivers of Sustainability Reporting by Local Governments Over Time: A Structured Literature Review. Financial Accountability and Management, 41(1), 200–229.
  • Morrison, L. J., Alshamari, A. ve Panchal Arora, M. (2025). Stakeholder Perceptions of Public Sector Sustainability Reporting – Views From IPSASB Consultations. Sustainability Accounting. Management and Policy Journal, 16(4), 1134–1164.
  • OECD (2024a). Infrastructure for a Climate-resilient Future, OECD Publishing. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development.
  • OECD (2024b). Green Budgeting in OECD Countries 2024, OECD Publishing. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development.
  • TCFD (2017). Recommendations of the Task Force on Climaterelated Financial Disclosures. Basel: Task Force on Climate‑related Financial Disclosures.
  • T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı (2023). Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Ulusal Katkı Beyanı (NDC). Ankara.
  • T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı (2024), Montreal Protokolü, Ankara.
  • TÜPRAŞ (2024). 2024 Entegre Faaliyet Raporu. Ankara: Türkiye Petrol Rafinerileri A.Ş.
  • UN (2015). Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Newyork: United Nations.
  • Uyar, A., Kuzey, C. ve Kılıç, M. (2021a). Sustainable Stock Market and Sustainability Reporting Propensity of the Public Sector: Mediating Role of the Private Sector. International Journal of Public Administration, 44(4), 322–335.
  • Uyar, A., Kuzey, C. ve Kılıç, M. (2021b). Testing The Spillover Effects of Sustainability Reporting: Evidence from The Public Sector. International Journal of Public Administration, 44(3), 231–240.
  • Uyar, A., Karmani, M., Kuzey, C., Kılıç, M. ve Yaacoub, C. (2022). Does Governance Quality Explain The Sustainability Reporting Tendency of The Public Sector? Worldwide evidence. International Journal of Public Administration, 45(13), 931–947.
  • WCED (1987). Our Common Future. Oxford: World Commission on Environment and Development.
  • WEF (2024). Global Risks Report 2024. Geneva: World Economic Forum.
  • WRI - WBCSD (2004). The Greenhouse Gas Protocol: A corporate accounting and reporting standard. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute - World Business Council for Sustainable Development.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Accounting, Auditing and Accountability (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Özge Selçuk

Serap Sebahat Yanık

Yıldız Ayanoğlu

Publication Date July 17, 2025
Submission Date May 27, 2025
Acceptance Date July 2, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 36 Issue: 137

Cite

APA Selçuk, Ö., Yanık, S. S., & Ayanoğlu, Y. (2025). KAMU SEKTÖRÜ İKLİMLE İLGİLİ AÇIKLAMALAR STANDARDI TASLAĞININ ANALİZİ ve IFRS S2 STANDARDI İLE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI. Sayıştay Dergisi, 36(137), 185-216. https://doi.org/10.52836/sayistay.1707218