Sporcularda Çift Kariyer Yetkinliği: Bireysel ve Durumsal Faktörlerin Rolü

Abstract

Araştırmanın amacı çift kariyer yetkinliğinin belirlenmesinde hedef yönelimi ile antrenör tarafından oluşturulan güdüsel iklimin rolünü başarı hedefi yaklaşımı ile araştırmak ve bu yetkinliklerin; cinsiyet ve spor deneyimine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını incelemektir. Bu bağlamda araştırmaya, 194 kız (X ̅yaş =15.09±1.53) ve 210 erkek (X ̅yaş =15.46±1.44) olmak üzere 404 (X ̅yaş =15.28±1.49) öğrenci-sporcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Katılımcılara “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Sporcular için Çift Kariyer Yetkinliği Ölçeği”, “Başarı Algısı Envanteri” ve “Antrenör Kaynaklı Destekleyici ve Kısıtlayıcı Güdüsel İklim Ölçeği” uygulanmıştır. Yapılan hiyerarşik regresyon analiz sonuçları, görev yöneliminin ve destekleyici güdüsel iklim algısının çift kariyer yetkinlik algılarının tümünü yordadığını göstermektedir (p<0.05). Ayrıca, analiz sonuçları ile ego yöneliminin, çift kariyer yetkinliğinin duygusal farkındalık (β=-0.16, p<0.01) ve sosyal zeka ve uyum boyutlarının (β=-0.13, p<0.05) negatif yordayıcısı olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Öte yandan, antrenör tarafından oluşturulan kısıtlayıcı güdüsel iklim algısının çift kariyer yetkinliklerinin belirleyicisi olmadığı bulunmuştur (p>0.05). Bağımsız örneklemlerde t test analizi sonuçlarına göre çift kariyer yetkinliklerinden sadece duygusal farkındalık (t(373)= 3.43; p<0.05) alt boyutunda cinsiyete göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardır. Sporcuların çift kariyer yetkinlik puanlarında spor deneyimine göre de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak, görev yöneliminin ve antrenörün yarattığı destekleyici güdüsel iklim algısının çift kariyer yetkinliklerini belirlemede rol oynadığı; sporcuların çift kariyer yetkinliklerinin cinsiyet değişkeni açısından farklılık gösterdiği söylenebilir.

Keywords

• Çift kariyer
• Öğrenci-sporcu
• Yetkinlik
• Başarı Hedefi
• Güdüsel iklim

Dual Career Competence in Athletes: The Role of Individual and Situational Factors

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of goal orientation and the motivational climate created by the coach in the determination of dual career competencies of athletes from Achievement Goal Approach perspective. The study was also examining sex and sport experiences differences in dual career competencies. A total of 404 (Mage=15.28±1.49) student-athletes including 194 girls (Mage=15.09±1.53), 210 boys (Mage=15.46±1.44) voluntarily participated in the study. “Personal Information Form”, “Dual Career Competency Questionnaire”, “Perception of Success Questionnaire”, “Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaires” were administered to participants. Hierarchical Regression Analysis indicated that task orientation and empowering motivational climate created by the coach predicted dual career competencies (p<0.05). In addition, ego orientation was negative predictor of emotional awareness (β=-0.16, p<0.01) and social intelligence and adaptation (β=-0.13, p<0.05) competencies. However, disempowering motivational climate was not predictor of dual career competencies (p>0.05). Independent t-test results revealed only significant sex differences in emotional awareness competency (t(373)=3.43; p<0.05). No significant sport experiences differences were obtained in dual career competencies (p>0.05). It can be concluded that task orientation and supportive motivational climate created by the coach have a role in determining dual career competencies and dual career competency of the athletes differ with regard to sex.

Keywords

• Dual career
• Student-athlete
• Competency
• Achievement goal theory
• Motivational climate

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