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Takım Sporu ile Bireysel Spor Yapan Öğrencilerin Sezinleme Zamanlarının İncelenmesi

Year 2015, Volume: 26 Issue: 4, 154 - 164, 20.05.2016
https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.237460

Abstract

Bu çalışma Hatay ilinde okul sporlarına katılan ortaokul 7. ve 8. sınıf takım sporu (basketbol-hentbol) ve bireysel spor (masa tenisi-badminton) yapan öğrencilerin sezinleme zamanlarının incelenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya 2011-2012 eğitim-öğretim yılında Hatay ilinde okul sporlarına katılan okullardan 116 erkek, 121 kız öğrenci gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırma verileri, Lafayette Enstitü tarafından geliştirilen Bassin Anticipation Timer cihazı ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde SPSS (17.0) kullanılarak, takım sporu yapan öğrenciler ile bireysel spor yapan öğrencilerin gruplar arasında, cinsiyete göre, spor deneyimine göre ve yaşa göre sezinleme zamanları arasında fark olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde t testi veya tek yönlü Anova Testi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlara bakıldığında, bireysel spor yapan öğrencilerin daha iyi sezinleme zamanına sahip oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır. Kız öğrencilerle erkek öğrenciler arasında ve yaşlar (12-13-14) arasında sezinleme zamanında anlamlı fark elde edilmemiştir. Öğrencilerin spor deneyimlerine göre sezinleme zamanları arasındaki farklılıklara baktığımızda, 1 yıldır spor yapan öğrencilerin sezinleme zamanlarının 2 (iki), 3 (üç) ve 4 (dört) yıldır spor yapan öğrencilere göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlara göre, bireysel sporlarda sezinleme zamanının takım sporlarına göre daha önemli olabileceği ve spor deneyiminin artması ile sezinleme zamanında gelişme olabileceği söylenebilir.

References

  • Ak E, & Koçak S. (2010). Coincidence-anticipation timing and reaction time in youth tennis and table tennis player. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 879-887.
  • Akpınar S, Devrilmez E, Kirazcı S. (2012). Coincidence- anticipation timing requirements are different in racket sports. Perceptual & Motor Skills: Exercise & Sport, 581- 593.
  • Brady F. (1996). Anticipation of coincidence, gender, and sports classification. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 82, 227-239.
  • Coker AC. (2004). Motor Learning and Control for Practitioners. New York: Mcgraw Hill.
  • Davis B. et al. (2000) The Nature and classification of skill. In: Physical Education and the study of sport. 4th ed. Spain: Harcourt Publishers, p. 284-285.
  • Dede M. (2010). Müsabık Genç Tenis Oyuncularının Sezinleme Zamanı Performanslarının İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sakarya.
  • DelVillar F, Gonzalez LG, Iglesias D, Moreno MP, Cervello EM. (2007). Expert-novice differences in cognitive and execution skills during tennis competition. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 104, 355-365.
  • Kioumourtzoglou E, Kourtessis T, Michalopoulou M, Derri V. (1998). Differences in several perceptual abilities between experts and novices in basketball, volleyball and water polo. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 899-912.
  • Knoblich G, Jordan JS. (2003). Action coordination in groups and ındividuals: Learning anticipatory control. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, Vol. 29, No. 5, 1006 –1016.
  • Kuhlman JS, Beitel PA. (1987). Pattern of relationships of coincidence anticipation with age, gender, and depth of sport experience. Annual Conference of the North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
  • Lyons M, El-Nakeeb Y, Nevill A. (2008). Post- exercise coincidence anticipation in expert and novice Gaelic games players: the effects of exercise intensity. European Journal of Sport Science, 205-216.
  • Magill R. (2004). Motor learning: concepts and applications. New York: Mcgraw Hill.
  • McMorris T. (2004). Acquisition and Performance of Sports Skills. West Sussex, England: JohnWiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Merwe TM., Randt RD. (1999). Validation of a laboratory coincidence-anticipation timing test. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education & Recreation, 21, 93-105.
  • Millslagle D. (2004). Coincidence anticipation and dynamic visual acuity in young adolescents. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 99, 1147-1156.
  • Mori S, Ohtni Y, Imanaka K. (2002). Reaction times and anticipatory skills of karate athletes. Human Movement Science, 213-230.
  • Overdorf V, Schweighardt R, Stephen J, McGrath R. (2004). Mental and physical practice schedules in acquisition and retention of novel timing skills. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 51-63.
  • Petrakis E. (1985). Sex differences and specificity of anticipation of coincidence. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 61, 1135-1138.
  • Poliszczuk T, Mosakowska M. (2009). Interreactions of peripheral perception and ability of time-movemet anticipation in high class competitive badminton players. Studies in Physical Culture and Tourism.
  • Ripoll H, Latiri I. (1997). Effect of expertise on coincident-timing accuracy in a fast ball game. Journal of Sports Science, 15, 573–580.
  • Rowe RM, McKenna FP. (2001). Skilled anticipation in real-world tasks: measurement of attentional demands in the domain of tennis. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 60-67.
  • Rudisill ME, Jackson AS. (1992). Lab Manual–Theory and Application of Motor Learning. Onalaska, Texas, USA: MacJ-R Publishing Company.
  • Sanders G. (2011). Sex differences ın coincidence- anticipation timing (CAT): A review. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 61.
  • Savelsbergh GJ, Williams AM, Van Der Kamp J. (2002). Visual search, anticipation and expertise in soccer goalkeepers. Journal of Sports Science, 279-287.
  • Schmidt R, Lee T. (2005). Motor Control and Learning: A Behavioral Emphasis. Human Kinetics.
  • Söğüt M, Ak E, Koçak S. (2009). Coincidence timing accuracy of junior tennis players. Hacettepe Journal of Sport Science, 1-5.
  • Stadulis RE, Eidson T, LeGant N. (1990). Viewing position and eye-hand preference effects upon anticipation of coincidence. / Influence de la position d ‘ attente, de preference oculaire et manuelle sur la performance a une tache d ‘ anticipation coincidence. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 339-350.
  • Tenenbaum G, Sar-el T, Bar-eli M. (2000). Anticipation of ball location in low and high-skill performers: A developmental perspective. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 1, 117-128.
  • Williams AM, Starkes J. (2002). Cognitive Expertise And Performance in Interceptive Actions. Newyork: Routledge.
  • Williams A, Davids K, Williams J. (2000). Visual Perception and Action in Sport. New York: Routledge.
  • Williams K. (1985). Age differences on a coincident anticipation task influence of stereotypic or preferred movement. Journal of Motor Behaviour, 17, 389-4.
  • Williams L. (2000). Coincidence timing of a soccer pass: effects of stimulus velocity and movement distance. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 39-52.

Investigation of Anticipation Time in Students Participating in Team and Individual Sports

Year 2015, Volume: 26 Issue: 4, 154 - 164, 20.05.2016
https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.237460

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anticipation time of 7 th – 8 th grade middle school students who were participating team sports (basketball and handball) and individual sports (table tennis and badminton) in Hatay. 116 male and 121 female middle school students, who were attending school sports in Hatay in 2011-2012 education years, were participated in this study. Bassin Anticipation Timer, which was developed by Lafayette Institute, was used to measure anticipation time. It was investigated that whether anticipation time was differed between the students who participated team sports (basketball and handball) and individual sports (table tennis and badminton), between genders, between sport experience, and between ages. One Way Anova and t test were used to analyze the data. Statistical analysis revealed a significantly better performance of anticipation time in favor of students who participated individual sports compared to team sports. Whereas, the results for age and gender displayed no significant differences in anticipation time, the effect of sport experience on anticipation time was found to be significant. Students who had 1 year of sport experience got significantly worse anticipation time performance compared to 2, 3, and 4 years of sports experience. In conclusion, anticipation time can be more essential in individual sports compared to team sports and can be developed with the sport experience.

References

  • Ak E, & Koçak S. (2010). Coincidence-anticipation timing and reaction time in youth tennis and table tennis player. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 879-887.
  • Akpınar S, Devrilmez E, Kirazcı S. (2012). Coincidence- anticipation timing requirements are different in racket sports. Perceptual & Motor Skills: Exercise & Sport, 581- 593.
  • Brady F. (1996). Anticipation of coincidence, gender, and sports classification. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 82, 227-239.
  • Coker AC. (2004). Motor Learning and Control for Practitioners. New York: Mcgraw Hill.
  • Davis B. et al. (2000) The Nature and classification of skill. In: Physical Education and the study of sport. 4th ed. Spain: Harcourt Publishers, p. 284-285.
  • Dede M. (2010). Müsabık Genç Tenis Oyuncularının Sezinleme Zamanı Performanslarının İncelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sakarya.
  • DelVillar F, Gonzalez LG, Iglesias D, Moreno MP, Cervello EM. (2007). Expert-novice differences in cognitive and execution skills during tennis competition. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 104, 355-365.
  • Kioumourtzoglou E, Kourtessis T, Michalopoulou M, Derri V. (1998). Differences in several perceptual abilities between experts and novices in basketball, volleyball and water polo. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 899-912.
  • Knoblich G, Jordan JS. (2003). Action coordination in groups and ındividuals: Learning anticipatory control. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, Vol. 29, No. 5, 1006 –1016.
  • Kuhlman JS, Beitel PA. (1987). Pattern of relationships of coincidence anticipation with age, gender, and depth of sport experience. Annual Conference of the North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
  • Lyons M, El-Nakeeb Y, Nevill A. (2008). Post- exercise coincidence anticipation in expert and novice Gaelic games players: the effects of exercise intensity. European Journal of Sport Science, 205-216.
  • Magill R. (2004). Motor learning: concepts and applications. New York: Mcgraw Hill.
  • McMorris T. (2004). Acquisition and Performance of Sports Skills. West Sussex, England: JohnWiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Merwe TM., Randt RD. (1999). Validation of a laboratory coincidence-anticipation timing test. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education & Recreation, 21, 93-105.
  • Millslagle D. (2004). Coincidence anticipation and dynamic visual acuity in young adolescents. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 99, 1147-1156.
  • Mori S, Ohtni Y, Imanaka K. (2002). Reaction times and anticipatory skills of karate athletes. Human Movement Science, 213-230.
  • Overdorf V, Schweighardt R, Stephen J, McGrath R. (2004). Mental and physical practice schedules in acquisition and retention of novel timing skills. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 51-63.
  • Petrakis E. (1985). Sex differences and specificity of anticipation of coincidence. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 61, 1135-1138.
  • Poliszczuk T, Mosakowska M. (2009). Interreactions of peripheral perception and ability of time-movemet anticipation in high class competitive badminton players. Studies in Physical Culture and Tourism.
  • Ripoll H, Latiri I. (1997). Effect of expertise on coincident-timing accuracy in a fast ball game. Journal of Sports Science, 15, 573–580.
  • Rowe RM, McKenna FP. (2001). Skilled anticipation in real-world tasks: measurement of attentional demands in the domain of tennis. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 60-67.
  • Rudisill ME, Jackson AS. (1992). Lab Manual–Theory and Application of Motor Learning. Onalaska, Texas, USA: MacJ-R Publishing Company.
  • Sanders G. (2011). Sex differences ın coincidence- anticipation timing (CAT): A review. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 61.
  • Savelsbergh GJ, Williams AM, Van Der Kamp J. (2002). Visual search, anticipation and expertise in soccer goalkeepers. Journal of Sports Science, 279-287.
  • Schmidt R, Lee T. (2005). Motor Control and Learning: A Behavioral Emphasis. Human Kinetics.
  • Söğüt M, Ak E, Koçak S. (2009). Coincidence timing accuracy of junior tennis players. Hacettepe Journal of Sport Science, 1-5.
  • Stadulis RE, Eidson T, LeGant N. (1990). Viewing position and eye-hand preference effects upon anticipation of coincidence. / Influence de la position d ‘ attente, de preference oculaire et manuelle sur la performance a une tache d ‘ anticipation coincidence. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 339-350.
  • Tenenbaum G, Sar-el T, Bar-eli M. (2000). Anticipation of ball location in low and high-skill performers: A developmental perspective. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 1, 117-128.
  • Williams AM, Starkes J. (2002). Cognitive Expertise And Performance in Interceptive Actions. Newyork: Routledge.
  • Williams A, Davids K, Williams J. (2000). Visual Perception and Action in Sport. New York: Routledge.
  • Williams K. (1985). Age differences on a coincident anticipation task influence of stereotypic or preferred movement. Journal of Motor Behaviour, 17, 389-4.
  • Williams L. (2000). Coincidence timing of a soccer pass: effects of stimulus velocity and movement distance. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 39-52.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet Akbulut

İşıl Aktağ This is me

Selçuk Akpınar This is me

Publication Date May 20, 2016
Submission Date July 28, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 26 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Akbulut, M., Aktağ, İ., & Akpınar, S. (2016). Takım Sporu ile Bireysel Spor Yapan Öğrencilerin Sezinleme Zamanlarının İncelenmesi. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 26(4), 154-164. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.237460

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