Research Article
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The Comparison of the Effects of Post-Activation Performance Enhancement Constituted by Back Squat and Hip Thrust on Vertical Jump and Sprint Performances of Well-Trained Male Athletes

Year 2021, Volume: 32 Issue: 4, 197 - 206, 17.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.931635

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the acute effects of post
activation performance enhancement (PAPE) generated by back squat (BS) and hip
thrust (HT) exercises on vertical jump and sprint performances. Twelve male
athletes, who could perform BS exercises at least 1.5 times of their body mass,
voluntarily participated in this study (age: 21.6 ± 2.6 8; height: 192 ± 7.30 cm;
body mass: 86.7 ± 11.1 kg; body fat ratio: 8.7 ± 3.6%). Athletes’ vertical jump
and 30 meter sprints were performed at four separate days with and without
prior exercises using cross over study design. 5 sets × 1 repeat protocol
c orresponding to athletes’ 90% of 1 RM was used during HT and BS
applications. According to results, PAPE created by BS did not significantly
effect on sprint performance (p>0.05; ES=0.40); however, BS applications
significantly enhanced vertical jump perfo rmances (p=0.005; ES=1.02).
Neither vertical jump nor sprint performance of athletes were significantly
affected by HT applications (p>0.05; ES=0.35; ES=0.09). As a result, PAPE
performed by BS significantly enhanced only vertical jump performances of
athletes.

References

  • 1. Atalağ, O., Kurt, C., Solyomvari, E., Sands, J., ve Cline, C. (2020). Post-activation potentiation effects of back squat and barbell hip thrust exercise on vertical jump and sprinting performance. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness.
  • 2. Barbalho, M., Coswig, V., Souza, D., Serrao, J. C., Campos, M. H., ve Gentil, P. (2020). Back squat vs. hip thrust resistance-training programs in well-trained women. International journal of sports medicine, 41(05), 306-310.
  • 3. Bauer, P., Sansone, P., Mitter, B., Makivic, B., Seitz, L. B., ve Tschan, H. (2019). Acute effects of back squats on countermovement jump performance across multiple sets of a contrast training protocol in resistance-trained men. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 33(4), 995-1000.
  • 4. Bevan, H. R., Cunningham, D. J., Tooley, E. P., Owen, N. J., Cook, C. J., ve Kilduff, L. P. (2010). Influence of postactivation potentiation on sprinting performance in professional rugby players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(3), 701-705.
  • 5. Blazevich, A. J., ve Babault, N. (2019). Post-activation potentiation versus post-activation performance enhancement in humans: historical perspective, underlying mechanisms, and current issues. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, 1359.
  • 6. Boullosa, D. A., Abreu, L., Beltrame, L. G., ve Behm, D. G. (2013). The acute effect of different half squat set configurations on jump potentiation. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(8), 2059-2066.
  • 7. Caterisano, A., Moss, R. E., Pellinger, T. K., Woodruff, K., Lewis, V. C., Booth, W., ve Khadra, T. (2002). The effect of back squat depth on the EMG activity of 4 superficial hip and thigh muscles. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 16(3), 428-432.
  • 8. Chatzopoulos, D. E., Michailidis, C. J., Giannakos, A. K., Alexiou, K. C., Patikas, D. A., Antonopoulos, C. B., ve Kotzamanidis, C. M. (2007). Postactivation potentiation effects after heavy resistance exercise on running speed. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 21(4), 1278-1281.
  • 9. Crewther, B. T., Kilduff, L. P., Cook, C. J., Middleton, M. K., Bunce, P. J., ve Yang, G. Z. (2011). The acute potentiating effects of back squats on athlete performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(12), 3319-3325.
  • 10. Esformes, J. I., ve Bampouras, T. M. (2013). Effect of back squat depth on lower-body postactivation potentiation. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(11), 2997-3000.
  • 11. Gambetta, V. (2007). Sport specific game analysis. Athletic Development. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, (pp. 56-58).
  • 12. Gheller, R. G., Dal Pupo, J., Ache-Dias, J., Detanico, D., Padulo, J., ve dos Santos, S. G. (2015). Effect of different knee starting angles on intersegmental coordination and performance in vertical jumps. Human movement science, 42, 71-80.
  • 13. González-García, J., Morencos, E., Balsalobre-Fernández, C., Cuéllar-Rayo, Á., ve Romero-Moraleda, B. (2019). Effects of 7-week hip thrust versus back squat resistance training on performance in adolescent female soccer players. Sports, 7(4), 80.
  • 14. Kilduff, L. P., Owen, N., Bevan, H., Bennett, M., Kingsley, M. I.,ve Cunningham, D. (2008). Influence of recovery time on post-activation potentiation in professional rugby players. Journal of sports sciences, 26(8), 795-802.
  • 15. Linder, E. E., Prins, J. H., Murata, N. M., Derenne, C., Morgan, C. F., ve Solomon, J. R. (2010). Effects of preload 4 repetition maximum on 100-m sprint times in collegiate women. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(5), 1184-1190.
  • 16. Matthews, M. J., Matthews, H. P., ve Snook, B. (2004). The acute effects of a resistance training warmup on sprint performance. Research in Sports Medicine, 12(2), 151-159.
  • 17. Okuno, N. M., Tricoli, V., Silva, S. B., Bertuzzi, R., Moreira, A., ve Kiss, M. A. (2013). Postactivation potentiation on repeated-sprint ability in elite handball players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(3), 662-668.
  • 18. Pescatello, L. S., Riebe, D., ve Thompson, P. D. (Eds.). (2014). ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (9th ed., pp. 96–99). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • 19. Prieske, O., Behrens, M., Chaabene, H., Granacher, U., ve Maffiuletti, N. A. (2020). Time to differentiate postactivation “potentiation” from “performance enhancement” in the strength and conditioning community. Sports Med, 50, 1559–1565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01300-0
  • 20. Sale, D. G. (2002). Postactivation potentiation: Role in human performance. Exercise and Spor Sciences Rewievs, 30(3), 138-143. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003677-200207000-00008
  • 21. Seitz, L.B., ve Haff, G.G. (2016). Factors modulating post-activation potentiation of jump, sprint, throw, and upper-body ballistic performances: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Sports Med, 46(2), 231-40. doi: 10.1007/s40279-015-0415-7
  • 22. Wassertheil, S., ve Cohen, J. (1970). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Biometrics, 26(3), 588. https://doi.org/10.2307/2529115
  • 23. Wilson, J. M., Duncan, N. M., Marin, P. J., Brown, L. E., Loenneke, J. P., Wilson, S. M., ... ve Ugrinowitsch, C. (2013). Meta-analysis of postactivation potentiation and power: effects of conditioning activity, volume, gender, rest periods, and training status. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(3), 854-859.
  • 24. Young, W. B. (2006). Transfer of strength and power training to sports performance. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 1(2), 74-83.

Geriye Çömelme ve Kalça İtiş Egzersizleriyle Oluşturulan Aktivite Sonrası Performans Artışının İyi Antrene Erkek Sporcuların Dikey Sıçrama ve Sprint Performanslarına Etkilerinin Karşılaştırılması

Year 2021, Volume: 32 Issue: 4, 197 - 206, 17.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.931635

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, geriye çömelme (GÇ) ve kalça itiş (Kİ) egzersizleri yoluyla
oluşturulan ön yüklerin yaratacağı aktivite sonrası performans artışının (ASPA)
dikey sıçrama ve sprint performansına akut etkilerini karşılaştırmaktır.
Çalışmaya vücut kütlesinin 1,5 katıyla GÇ egzersizleri uygulayabilen iyi antrene
12 erkek sporcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır (yaş: 21,6±2,68; boy: 192±7,30 cm;
vücut kütlesi: 86,7±11,1 kg; vücut yağ oranı: % 8,7±3,6). Sporcuların dikey
sıçrama ve 30 metre sprint performansları GÇ ve Kİ ile oluşturulan ön yükler
uygulanarak ve uygulanmadan dört farklı günde ve çaprazlanarak
gerçekleştirilmiştir. GÇ ve Kİ uygulamalarında sporcuların 1 TM’nin %90’ı ile 5
set × 1 tekrarlık egzersizler kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; GÇ ile
oluşturulan ASPA sprint performansını anlamlı ölçüde etkilememiştir (p>0,05;
ES=0,40). Diğer yandan GÇ uygulamaları dikey sıçrama performansını anlamlı
ölçüde arttırmıştır (p=0,005; E S=1,02). Kİ ile oluşturulan ön yük sonrasında ise
ne dikey sıçrama ne de sprint performanslarındaki artış anlamlıdır (p>0,05;
ES=0,35; ES=0,09). Sonuç olarak, GÇ yoluyla oluşturulan ASPA, sporcuların
yalnızca dikey sıçrama performansı artışında etkili olmu ştur.

References

  • 1. Atalağ, O., Kurt, C., Solyomvari, E., Sands, J., ve Cline, C. (2020). Post-activation potentiation effects of back squat and barbell hip thrust exercise on vertical jump and sprinting performance. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness.
  • 2. Barbalho, M., Coswig, V., Souza, D., Serrao, J. C., Campos, M. H., ve Gentil, P. (2020). Back squat vs. hip thrust resistance-training programs in well-trained women. International journal of sports medicine, 41(05), 306-310.
  • 3. Bauer, P., Sansone, P., Mitter, B., Makivic, B., Seitz, L. B., ve Tschan, H. (2019). Acute effects of back squats on countermovement jump performance across multiple sets of a contrast training protocol in resistance-trained men. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 33(4), 995-1000.
  • 4. Bevan, H. R., Cunningham, D. J., Tooley, E. P., Owen, N. J., Cook, C. J., ve Kilduff, L. P. (2010). Influence of postactivation potentiation on sprinting performance in professional rugby players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(3), 701-705.
  • 5. Blazevich, A. J., ve Babault, N. (2019). Post-activation potentiation versus post-activation performance enhancement in humans: historical perspective, underlying mechanisms, and current issues. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, 1359.
  • 6. Boullosa, D. A., Abreu, L., Beltrame, L. G., ve Behm, D. G. (2013). The acute effect of different half squat set configurations on jump potentiation. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(8), 2059-2066.
  • 7. Caterisano, A., Moss, R. E., Pellinger, T. K., Woodruff, K., Lewis, V. C., Booth, W., ve Khadra, T. (2002). The effect of back squat depth on the EMG activity of 4 superficial hip and thigh muscles. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 16(3), 428-432.
  • 8. Chatzopoulos, D. E., Michailidis, C. J., Giannakos, A. K., Alexiou, K. C., Patikas, D. A., Antonopoulos, C. B., ve Kotzamanidis, C. M. (2007). Postactivation potentiation effects after heavy resistance exercise on running speed. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 21(4), 1278-1281.
  • 9. Crewther, B. T., Kilduff, L. P., Cook, C. J., Middleton, M. K., Bunce, P. J., ve Yang, G. Z. (2011). The acute potentiating effects of back squats on athlete performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(12), 3319-3325.
  • 10. Esformes, J. I., ve Bampouras, T. M. (2013). Effect of back squat depth on lower-body postactivation potentiation. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(11), 2997-3000.
  • 11. Gambetta, V. (2007). Sport specific game analysis. Athletic Development. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, (pp. 56-58).
  • 12. Gheller, R. G., Dal Pupo, J., Ache-Dias, J., Detanico, D., Padulo, J., ve dos Santos, S. G. (2015). Effect of different knee starting angles on intersegmental coordination and performance in vertical jumps. Human movement science, 42, 71-80.
  • 13. González-García, J., Morencos, E., Balsalobre-Fernández, C., Cuéllar-Rayo, Á., ve Romero-Moraleda, B. (2019). Effects of 7-week hip thrust versus back squat resistance training on performance in adolescent female soccer players. Sports, 7(4), 80.
  • 14. Kilduff, L. P., Owen, N., Bevan, H., Bennett, M., Kingsley, M. I.,ve Cunningham, D. (2008). Influence of recovery time on post-activation potentiation in professional rugby players. Journal of sports sciences, 26(8), 795-802.
  • 15. Linder, E. E., Prins, J. H., Murata, N. M., Derenne, C., Morgan, C. F., ve Solomon, J. R. (2010). Effects of preload 4 repetition maximum on 100-m sprint times in collegiate women. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(5), 1184-1190.
  • 16. Matthews, M. J., Matthews, H. P., ve Snook, B. (2004). The acute effects of a resistance training warmup on sprint performance. Research in Sports Medicine, 12(2), 151-159.
  • 17. Okuno, N. M., Tricoli, V., Silva, S. B., Bertuzzi, R., Moreira, A., ve Kiss, M. A. (2013). Postactivation potentiation on repeated-sprint ability in elite handball players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(3), 662-668.
  • 18. Pescatello, L. S., Riebe, D., ve Thompson, P. D. (Eds.). (2014). ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (9th ed., pp. 96–99). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • 19. Prieske, O., Behrens, M., Chaabene, H., Granacher, U., ve Maffiuletti, N. A. (2020). Time to differentiate postactivation “potentiation” from “performance enhancement” in the strength and conditioning community. Sports Med, 50, 1559–1565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-020-01300-0
  • 20. Sale, D. G. (2002). Postactivation potentiation: Role in human performance. Exercise and Spor Sciences Rewievs, 30(3), 138-143. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003677-200207000-00008
  • 21. Seitz, L.B., ve Haff, G.G. (2016). Factors modulating post-activation potentiation of jump, sprint, throw, and upper-body ballistic performances: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Sports Med, 46(2), 231-40. doi: 10.1007/s40279-015-0415-7
  • 22. Wassertheil, S., ve Cohen, J. (1970). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Biometrics, 26(3), 588. https://doi.org/10.2307/2529115
  • 23. Wilson, J. M., Duncan, N. M., Marin, P. J., Brown, L. E., Loenneke, J. P., Wilson, S. M., ... ve Ugrinowitsch, C. (2013). Meta-analysis of postactivation potentiation and power: effects of conditioning activity, volume, gender, rest periods, and training status. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(3), 854-859.
  • 24. Young, W. B. (2006). Transfer of strength and power training to sports performance. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 1(2), 74-83.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Barış Yeleğen 0000-0002-3702-7181

Özgür Özkaya 0000-0003-4222-5761

Publication Date December 17, 2021
Submission Date May 3, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 32 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Yeleğen, B., & Özkaya, Ö. (2021). Geriye Çömelme ve Kalça İtiş Egzersizleriyle Oluşturulan Aktivite Sonrası Performans Artışının İyi Antrene Erkek Sporcuların Dikey Sıçrama ve Sprint Performanslarına Etkilerinin Karşılaştırılması. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 32(4), 197-206. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.931635

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