MALİYE POLİTİKALARININ ETKİNLİĞİNE YÖNELİK PARADİGMALAR: LİTERATÜR İNCELEMESİ

Abstract

Maliye politikalarının etkinliği, hem akademik hem de politika düzeyinde, uzun süreden beri tartışılan bir konudur. Standart Keynesyen modele göre maliye politikası konjonktürel dalgalanmaları kontrol etmelidir. Şöyle ki; daralma dönemlerinde ekonomiyi canlandırmak amacıyla kamu harcamaları arttırılmalı ve vergilerde indirime gidilmelidir. Genişleme dönemlerinde ise ekonomideki aşırı ısınmayı engellemek amacıyla vergiler arttırılmalı ve kamu harcamaları azaltılmalıdır. Ancak bu geleneksel bakış açısı, mali politikaların Keynesyen olmayan etkileri olarak adlandırılan ve daraltıcı maliye politikalarının genişletici etkilerine ilişkin bazı gözlemler sonucu değişime uğramıştır. Bu çalışmada maliye politikalarının etkinliği, daraltıcı maliye politikalarının genişletici etkileri bağlamında, hem teorik hem de ampirik literatür açısından incelenmiştir. Mevcut ampirik literatürde daraltıcı maliye politikalarının genişletici etkilere neden olduğuna ilişkin çeşitli bulgulara ulaşılmıştır

Keywords

• Maliye politikası, mali çarpanlar, Keynesyen olmayan etkiler

THE PARADIGMS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FISCAL POLICIES: A SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE

Abstract

The effectiveness of fiscal policy has been the subject of a longstanding debate from both the academia and policy-makers. According to standard Keynesian models, fiscal policy should be countercyclical. This means, increase expenditures and cut taxes to boost economy during recessions. Likewise, during expanding cycles the government should be able to raise taxes and decrease public expenditure to reduce chances of overheating of the economy. However, these conventional views have been challenged by the observation of expansionary effects of contractionary fiscal policy, so called non-Keynesian effects. This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the effectiveness of fiscal policy especially expansionary effects of contractionary fiscal policies. The empirical evidence survey in this paper is found to provide clear support for the existence of expansionary fiscal consolidations

Keywords

• Fiscal policy, fiscal multiplier, non-Keynesian effects

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