SYNCHRONIZATION OF BUSINESS CYCLES IN OECD COUNTRIES: 1961-2019

Öz

The synchronization of the GDP growth cycles between countries have been discussed in the literature. The existence and dimensions of synchronization between the GDP growth cycles of the OECD countries are examined in this study. The existence of synchronization is revealed by estimating the time-varying (dynamic) conditional correlations used in measuring the level of synchronization in two stages by VAR-DCC-MGARCH methods in the study in which the period between 1961-2019 is analyzed. Unlike the literature, K-Means cluster analysis is applied to examine the differentiation of dynamic conditional correlations with respect to member countries. In addition, the effects of economic crises on dynamic conditional correlations are measured by panel data analysis by clusters. The findings showed that there is a synchronization among the member countries and the synchronization levels differ according to the countries. According to the synchronization levels, the member countries are determined to be divided into two clusters and it is observed that the countries in Europe and the Americas concentrated in one cluster. Finally, it is determined that the 1974 oil and 2009 global economic crises reduced the synchronization between the member countries while the 1963 European and 1997 Asian crises increased synchronization in the analysis period. It is observed that the effects of economic crises on synchronization are similar in direction but different in size by clusters.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dynamic Conditional Correlation
• Business Cycles
• Synchronization
• Economic Crises
• Cluster Analysis
• Panel Data Analysis

OECD ÜLKELERİNDE KONJONKTÜR DALGALANMALARININ SENKRONİZASYONU: 1961-2019

Öz

GSYH büyümesindeki döngülerin (konjonktür dalgalanmaları) ülkeler arasındaki senkronizasyonu literatürde tartışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada OECD’ye üye ülkelerin konjonktür dalgalanmaları arasında senkronizasyonun varlığı ve boyutları incelenmiştir. 1961-2019 yılları arasındaki dönemin analiz edildiği çalışmada, senkronizasyonun seviyesinin ölçülmesinde kullanılan zamana bağlı değişen (dinamik) koşullu korelasyonlar VAR-DCC-MGARCH yöntemleri ile iki aşamada tahmin edilerek senkronizasyonun varlığı ortaya konulmuştur. Literatürden farklı olarak, dinamik koşullu korelasyonların üye ülkelere göre farklılaşmasını irdelemek amacıyla K-Means kümeleme analizi uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca, ekonomik krizlerin dinamik koşullu korelasyonlar üzerindeki etkileri kümeler ayrımında uygulanan panel veri analizi ile ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular, üye ülkeler arasında bir senkronizasyonun var olduğunu ve ülkelere göre senkronizasyon seviyelerinin farklı olduğunu göstermiştir. Senkronizasyon seviyelerine göre üye ülkelerin iki kümeye ayrıldığı belirlenmiş ve Avrupa ile Amerika kıtasındaki ülkelerinin bir kümede yoğunlaştığı gözlemlenmiştir. Son olarak, analiz döneminde yaşanan 1974 petrol ve 2009 küresel ekonomik krizlerinin üye ülkelerin arasındaki senkronizasyonu azaltıcı fakat 1963 Avrupa ve 1997 Asya krizlerinin senkronizasyonu arttırıcı etki yaptığı tespit edilmiştir. Ekonomik krizlerin senkronizasyon üzerindeki etkilerinin kümeler ayrımında yön olarak benzer, boyut olarak farklı olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dinamik koşullu korelasyon
• Konjonktür dalgalanmaları
• Senkronizasyon
• Ekonomik krizler
• Kümeleme analizi
• Panel veri analizi

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