HEALTH EXPENDITURES, CO2 EMISSION, RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM THE BOOTSRAP PANEL CAUSALITY TEST

Öz

This study aims to analyze empirically the nexus among health expenditures, CO2 emissions-renewable energy consumption and economic growth including Turkey the E7 countries (China, Indonesia Brazil, Mexico, India, Russia, Turkey) by using annual data for the period 2000-2016. The study obtained by Bootstrap panel granger causality test reveal the existence of a causal relationship between health expenditures and CO2 emissions-renewable energy consumption -economic growth. The policy makers' incentives to invest in renewable energy sources that increase economic growth, reduce CO2 emissions will also alleviate the pressure on health expenditures caused by the deterioration of environmental quality.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Health Expenditures
• Carbon Emission
• Bootstrap Panel Granger Causality Analysis
• E7 Countries

SAĞLIK HARCAMALARI, CO2 EMİSYONU, YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME: BOOTSTRAP PANEL NEDENSELLİK TESTİNDEN KANITLAR

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin de içinde bulunduğu E7 ülkeleri (Brezilya, Çin, Hindistan, Endonezya, Meksika, Rusya, Türkiye) özelinde sağlık harcamaları ile CO2 emisyonu, ekonomik büyüme ve yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi arasındaki ilişkiyi 2000-2016 dönemi için yıllık veri seti kullanılarak ampirik olarak analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada yöntem olarak Kónya (2006) tarafından geliştirilen Bootstrap Panel Granger nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın ampirik bulguları sağlık harcamaları ile CO2 emisyonu, ekonomik büyüme ve yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisinin varlığını ortaya koymaktadır. Politika yapıcıların ekonomik büyümeyi artırması, CO2 emisyonunu azaltması ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına yatırımı teşvik etmesi, sağlık harcamaları üzerinde çevre kalitesinin bozulması nedeniyle oluşan baskıyı hafifletecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sağlık Harcamaları
• Karbon Emisyonu
• Bootstrap Panel Granger Nedensellik Analizi
• E7 Ülkeleri

Kaynakça

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