The Effect of Hand Hygiene Training Provided with Dance Assistance to Mild Mentally Disabled Middle School Students on their Handwashing Skills

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 35 - 42, 21.04.2025

Hacer Gök Uğur , Simge Tombul , Sedanur Yol , Eminegül Uysal , Zeynep Hancı

https://doi.org/10.48071/sbuhemsirelik.1567627

Abstract

Introduction: Supporting students with intellectual disabilities through education is crucial for improving their hand-washing skills.
Aim: This study was conducted to determine the effect of dance-assisted hand hygiene education given to mildly mentally disabled secondary school students on their hand-washing skills.
Method: This study was conducted in “a one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design” between January and May 2024. The study population consisted of 36 students studying at Special Education Secondary School, and the sample consisted of 29 students who met the research criteria and whose parents gave consent. The data of this study were collected with the Student Introduction Form and Correct Handwashing Evaluation Form. In this study, dance-supported hand hygiene training was given to mildly mentally disabled secondary school students for an average of 20 minutes in one session. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and McNemar test.
Results: In this study, a statistically significant difference was determined between the pre-test and post-test pulling up garment sleeves, wetting hands with some water, switching off the tap, lathering hands thoroughly with some soap, rubbing between fingers, rubbing by taking the thumbs into the hand and fingertips in the hand and rubbing practices (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: It was determined that dance-supported hand hygiene training given to mildly mentally disabled secondary school students increased the students' application skills in 50% of the hand-washing steps. In line with this result, it is recommended that hygiene education given to mildly mentally disabled secondary school students should be supported by dance

Keywords

Dancing , disabilities , hand hygiene

Project Number

1919B012309194

Hafif Düzeyde Zihinsel Engelli Ortaokul Öğrencilerine Dans Destekli Verilen El Hijyeni Eğitiminin Öğrencilerin El Yıkama Becerilerine Etkisi

Abstract

Giriş: Zihinsel engelli öğrencilerin el yıkama becerilerini artırmak için eğitimle desteklenmeleri önemlidir. Amaç: Bu araştırma hafif düzeyde zihinsel engelli ortaokul öğrencilerine dans destekli verilen el hijyeni eğitiminin öğrencilerin el yıkama becerilerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma “tek grup ön test-son test yarı deneysel tasarımda”, Ocak ve Mayıs 2024 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın evrenini özel eğitim ortaokulunda okuyan 36 öğrenci, örneklemi ise araştırma kriterlerine uyan ve velisi onam veren 29 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın verileri “Öğrenci Tanıtım Formu” ve “Doğru El Yıkama Değerlendirme Formu” ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada hafif düzeyde zihinsel engelli ortaokul öğrencilerine bir oturumda ortalama 20 dakika dans destekli el hijyeni eğitimi verilmiştir. Verilerin analizi tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve McNemar testi kullanılarak yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmada öğrencilerin giysi kollarını yukarı çekme, elleri bir miktar su ile ıslatma, musluğu kapatma, elleri bir miktar sabunla iyice köpürtme, parmak aralarını ovma, baş parmakları elinin içine alarak ovma ve parmak uçlarını el içine alarak ovma uygulamaları ön test ve son test puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık belirlenmiştir (p < 0,05).
Sonuç: Araştırmada hafif düzeyde zihinsel engelli ortaokul öğrencilerine dans destekli verilen el hijyeni eğitiminin, öğrencilerin el yıkama basamaklarının %50’sinde uygulama becerilerini artırdığı belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuç doğrultusunda; hafif düzeyde zihinsel engelli ortaokul öğrencilerine verilen hijyen eğitimlerinin dansla desteklenmesi önerilir

Keywords

Dans , el hijyeni , engellilik

Project Number

1919B012309194

References

• Cavkaytar, A. (2005). A practical handbook for teaching self-care and home skills to children with special needs. Ankara: Gündüz Education and Publishing.
• Choi, K. S., Wong, P. K., & Chung, W. Y. (2012). Using computer-assisted method to teach children with intellectual disabilities handwashing skills. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, 7(6), 507-516. doi: 10.3109/17483107.2011.652998
• Çetinkaya, S., Arslan, S., Nur, N., Demir, Ö. F., Özdemir, L., & Sümer, H. (2005). Personal hygiene behaviors of the students attending in primary schools, in Sivas. Sted, 14(10), 229-236.
• Deochand, N., Hughes, H. C., & Fuqua, R. W. (2019). Evaluating visual feedback on the handwashing behavior of students with emotional and developmental disabilities. Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice, 19(3), 232-240. doi: 10.1037/bar0000154
• Disability and Elderly Statistics Bulletin. (2024). Retrieved date: 02.10.2024. Retrieved from: https://www.aile.gov.tr/media/88684/eyhgm_istatistik_ bulteni_temmuz2021.pdf.
• Erdoğan, S., Nahcivan, N., & Esin, M. N. (Eds.). (2014). Research in nursing: process, application and critical. Nobel Medical Bookstore. Falus, A., Lehotsky, A., Gezsi., A, Lukacs, J. A., Gradvohl, E., & Feith, H. J. (2020). Pedagogical experiences in educating hand-washing among children a hygiene contribution to proper behavior during a pandemic. Open Access Journal of Microbiology and Biotecnology, 5(5), 1-6. doi: 0.23880/oajmb-16000180 F oundation for the Protection and Raising of Mentally Disabled Children. (2024). Mentally Handicapped Children and Self-Care Skills. Retrieved date: 03.10.2024. Retrieved from: https://www.zicev.org.tr/egitim-yontemleri/ ozel-egitim/zihin-engelli-cocuklar-ve-ozbakim-becerileri.
• Gardner, S. J., & Wolfe, P. S. (2015). Teaching students with developmental disabilities daily living skills using point-of-view modeling plus video prompting with error correction. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 30(4), 195-207. doi: 10.1177/1088357614547810
• Hidayati, T., Akrom, A., Nurasa, I., & Erviana, E. (2019). Health education improve behavior and self-efficacy on personal hygiene among children with intellectual disability. International Journal of Public Health Science, 8(4), 391-399. doi: 10.11591/ijphs.v8i4.20370
• Irawan, A. R. (2021). Handwashing ability assessment for students with intellectual barriers. Indonesian Journal of Community and Special Needs Education, 1(1), 9-10. doi: 10.17509/ijcsne.v1i1.41353
• Kang, Y. S., & Chang, Y. J. (2019). Using a motion-controlled game to teach four elementary school children with intellectual disabilities to improve hand hygiene. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(4), 942-951. doi: 10.1111/jar.12587
• Karacan, Ç., Kaba, Z., Yenigün, Ö., Aydın, M., & Bayazıt, B. (2003). Investigation of changes in ability level between educable mental disabled children with combining groups by rhythm education and dance study. İstanbul University Journal of Sports Sciences, 11(3), 132-136.
• Kitiş, Y., & Bilgili N. (2011). Evaluation of the effectiveness of hand hygiene and hand hygiene education in primary school students. Maltepe University Journal of Nursing Science and Art, 4(1), 93-102.
• Lee, R. L., & Lee, P. H. (2014). To evaluate the effects of a simplified hand washing improvement program in schoolchildren with mild intellectual disability: A pilot study. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(11), 3014-3025. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.07.016
• Lee, R. L., Leung, C., Tong, W. K., Chen, H., & Lee, P. H. (2015). Comparative efficacy of a simplified handwashing program for improvement in hand hygiene and reduction of school absenteeism among children with intellectual disability. American journal of infection control, 43(9), 907912. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.03.023
• Luckasson, R., Borthwick-Duffy, S., Buntinx, W. H., Coulter, D. L., Craig, E. M. P., Reeve, A., & Tasse, M. J. (2002). Mental retardation: Definition, classification, and systems of supports. American Association on Mental Retardation. Retrieved date: 04.10.2024. Retrieved from: https://eric. ed.gov/?id=ED468327
• Mbakaya, B. C., Lee P. H., & Lee, R. L. (2017). Hand hygiene İntervention strategies to reduce diarrhoea and respiratory infections among school children in developing countries: a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health, 14(4), 371. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14040371
• Nazirun, N., & Sari, M. (2023). Effectiveness of health education using audiovisual media on psychomotor ability to wash hands in children with special needs. Jurnal Olahraga, 8(1), 167-179. doi:10.33222/juara.v8i1.2655
• Pesau, H. G., Widyorini, E., & Sumijati, S. (2020). Self-care skills of children with moderate intellectual disability. Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior, 5(1), 43-49. doi: 10.26911/thejhpb.2020.05.01.06 Turkish Language Association. (2024). Mentally Disabled. Retrieved date: 02.10.2024. Retrieved from: https://sozluk.gov.tr.
• UNICEF. (2024). Fact sheet: The world’s nearly 240 million children living with disabilities are being denied basic rights – UNICEF. Retrieved date: 02.10.2024. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/ detail/disability-and-health.
• Utami, A. P., & Pujaningsih, P. (2021). The effectiveness of video “6 steps hands wash” to ımprove the capability hand washing for children with intellectual disability. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Luar Biasa, 8(2), 24-30. doi: 10.17977/um029v8i22021p24-30
• Ünal, M., Ece, A. S., & Yıkmış, A. (2016). Teaching self-care skills to mentally retarded children with the song. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 8(17), 139-153. doi: 10.20875/sb.30725
• Walmsley, C., Mahoney, A., Durgin, A., & Poling, A. (2013). Fostering hand washing before lunch by students attending a special needs young adult program. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(1), 95-101. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.08.002
• World Health Organization. (2024). Disability. Retrieved date: 02.10.2024. Retrieved from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ disability-and-health.
• Yumru, H., & Koç, Ş. (2001). Effect of hand hygiene education implemented through the role-play method on knowledge and behavior of primary school students. Dokuz Eylul University Electronic Journal of Faculty of Nursing, 14(3), 188-198. doi: 10.46483/deuhfed.752559
• Yükselen, A. İ. (2007). Importance of creative drama practices in education of children with mental retardation. Journal of Beyond the Horizon Science, 2, 43-52