Politik Ekonominin Kökenleri ve Güncel Yaklaşım Sorunları

Year 2021, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 88 - 119, 31.01.2021

Abuzer Pınar

Abstract

Ekonomik ihtiyaçlar her dönemde birey ve toplumların birincil problemi olarak gündemdeki yerini korumuştur. Ekonomi bilimi güncelliğini her dönemde koruyan ekonomik olayları anlamaya ve temel sorunları tespit ederek çözüm önerisinde bulunmaya çalışır. Ekonomik olayların tarih içerisindeki değişimi ve dönüşümü bu bilim alanının da kaçınılmaz olarak dönüşümüne neden olmuştur. “Ev ekonomisi” kavramı ile gündeme gelen bu kavram esasında insanlık tarihi kadar eski olan geçim ve ihtiyaçların karşılanması ile ilgilidir. Ancak şehirleşme ve işbölümü ile beraber büyüyen ölçek nedeniyle “politik ekonomi” olarak karşımıza çıkan bu disiplin, zaman içerisinde kısmen günün koşullarında, kendisini politikadan soyutlamak istemiştir. Bu makale ekonomi bilimindeki dönüşümü analize yönelmektedir. Savunulan temel tezlerden birisi, ekonominin politikadan soyutlanamayacağıdır. Diğeri ise içerisinden geçtiğimiz konjonktürde bu probleme uluslararası boyutun daha yoğun olarak eklemlenmesiyle analiz çerçevesinin ve araçlarının daha karmaşık hale gelmiş olmasıdır. Ekonomi bilimi politikadan soyutlanamayacağı gibi uluslararası siyaset ve kurumların gözardı edilmesi halinde yapılacak analizlerin açıklayıcı olması mümkün görünmemektedir.

Keywords

Politik Ekonomi, İktisadi Dönüşüm, Uluslararası Politik Ekonomi

The Origins of Political Economy And Current Challenges

Abstract

Economic needs have been the primary problem of individuals and societies in the his-tory of human being. Economics describes and analyzes economic activities, and aims at finding solutions for those problems. The changing conditions and transformation of economic activities in history have inevitably caused the framework and tools of analysis to change in economics. The concept of economy appeared in the agenda as “home economy” which is essentially related to the livelihood and satisfaction of the needs of households. It is as old as human history in this sense. However, economics as a social science appeared as “political economy” following the extending scale in economic activities with urbanization and division of labor. Then economists, partly due to the conditions of the day, tried to isolate economics from politics. This article focuses on analyzing the transformation in economics. One of our main arguments is that the economy cannot be isolated from politics. The other is that the analysis frame-work and tools have become more complex as the international dimension has been articulated more intensely to the economy in the conjuncture we are going through. Just as economics cannot be isolated from politics, it is not possible for the analysis to be explanatory if international politics and institutions are ignored.

Keywords

Political Economy, Economic Transformation, International Political Economy

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