Preventive effect of zinc toward the hepatotoxicity of nickel in rats

Year 2011, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 178 - 185, 14.08.2013

Zine Kechrid

Abstract

We studied the effect of zinc treatment on nickel sulphate-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. Liver dysfunction parameters represented by aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), blood glucose, serum total protein and serum albumin were estimated. Liver glutathione level, catalase and GPx activities were also determined in liver as indicators of oxidative damage. Exposure of rats to nickel caused a significant a decrease in body weight and an increase in liver weight compared to the controls. Nickel treatment was also led to high glucose concentration and produced hepatotoxicity characterized by increasing GPT, GOT and alkaline phosphatase activities. Meanwhile nickel administration resulted in low serum total protein and serum albumin. In addition liver glutathione level, catalase and GSH-Px activities were diminished due to high lipid peroxidation. Meanwhile the administration of zinc with nickel resulted in a remarkable improvement of the previous parameters comparison with rats treated with nickel alone. Liver histological studies have confirmed the changes observed in biochemical parameters and proved the beneficial role of zinc. In conclusion, nickel sulphate led to liver dysfunction and hepatic lipid peroxidation in animals, but simultaneous treatment with zinc offers a relative protection against nickel induced hepatotoxicity and lipid peroxidation probably due to its antioxidant proprieties.

Keywords

Ion channels, cell biochemistry, biophysics, calcium signaling, cellular function, cellular physiology, metabolism, apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide synthase, ageing, antioxidants, neuropathy

References

• Accominoti M, Chamouard C, Cogoluenhes V, Chambrier C, Michallet M, Gordiani B. 1998. Energy expenditure during allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation. Clin Nutr 17: 253-257.
• Aebi H. 1984. Catalase in vitro. In: Packer, L. Editor, (2nd) Methods in Enzymology Vol. 105, Academic Press, Orlando, F.L, pp 121–126.
• Aposhian HV. 1989. Biochemical toxicology of arsenic. Rev. Biochem .Toxicol 10: 265-299.
• Bettger WJ, O’ Dell BL. 1981. A critical physiological role of zinc in the structure and function of biomembranes. Life Sci 28: 1425-1438
• Bradford M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantities of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein –dye binding. Anal Biochem 72: 248-254.
• Kechrid Z, Dahdouh F, Djabar RM, Bouzerna N. 2006. Combined effect of water contamination with cobalt and nickel on metabolism of albino (Wistar) rats. Environ Health Sci Eng 3 (1): 65-69.
• Kocijan A, Milosev I, Pihlar, B. 2004. Cobalt-based alloys for orthopaedic applications studied by electrochemical and XPS analysis. Mater Sic Mater Med 15: 643-650.
• Kuhnert BR, Kuhnert PM, Debanne S, Williams TG. 1987. The relationship between cadmium, zinc and birth weight in pregnant women who smoke. Am Obstet Gynecol 157: 1247-1251.
• Kusal KD, Shakuntala D. 2000. Effect of nickel on testicular nucleic acid concentrations of rats on protein restriction. Biol Trace Elem Res 72(2): 175-180.
• Kusal KD, Swastika ND, Shakuntala D. 2001. The influence of ascorbic acid on Nickel-induced hepatic lipid peroxidation in rats. Basic Clin Physio Pharmacol 12 (3): 187-195.
• Kusal KD, Amrita DG, Salim AD, Ashok MP, Swastika ND, Jeevan GA. 2007. Protective role of L-ascorbic acid on antioxidant defense system in erythrocytes of albino rats exposed to nickel sulphate. Biometa 20: 177– 184.
• Lansdown AB. 1995. Physiological and toxicological changes in the skin resulting from the action and interaction of metal ions. Crit Rev Toxicol 25: 397-462.
• Ludwig JC, Chvapil M. 1982. Mechanisms of action of metal ions on hepatocytes. In: Sorenson JRJ, Ed. Inflammatory diseases and copper. Clifton NJ, New Jersey: Humana Press, pp565-580.
• Manna P, Sinha M, Sill PC. 2008. Arsenic-induced oxidative myocardial injury: protective role of arjunolic acid. Arch Toxicol 82: 137-149.
• Nishi Y. 1996. Zinc and growth. Am Coll Nutr 15:340-344.
• Novelli ELB, Hernandes RT, Novelli Filho JLVB, Barbosa LL. 1998. Differential/ combined effect of water contamination with cadmium and nickel on tissues of rats. Environ Pollu 103: 295-300.
• Powell SR. 2000. The antioxidant properties of zinc. Nutr 130: 1447–1454.
• Prasad AS. 1983. Clinical, biochemical and nutritional spectrum of zinc deficiency in human subjects: an update. Nutr Rev 41: 197–208.
• Rabbani-Chadegani A, Fani N, Abdossamadi S, Nosrat Shahmir N. 2001. Toxic effects of lead and nickel nitrate on rat liver chromatin component. Bioch Mol Toxicol 25:127–134.
• Seagrave J, Tobey RA, Hilderbrand CE. 1983. Zinc effects on glutathione metabolism. Relationship to zinc induced protection from alkalylating agents, Biochem Pharmacol 32: 13017–3021.
• Sidhu P, Garg ML, Dhawan DK. 2004. Protective role of zinc in nickel induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Chemico-Biological Intr 150:199-209.
• Song Y, Hes K, Levitan EB, Manson JE, Liu S. 2006. Effects of oral magnesium supplementation on glycaemic control in Type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized double-blind controlled trials. Diab Med 23:1050–1056.
• Sunderman Jr, Kasprzak KS, Horak E, Gitltz P, Onkelinx C. 1976. Effect of triethylenetetramine upon the metabolism and toxicity of 63NiCl2 in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 38:177-188.
• Sunderman FW, Marzouk A, Hopfer SM, Zaharia O, Reid MC. 1985. Increased lipid peroxidation in tissues of nickel chloride-treated rat. Annal Clin Lab Sci 15(3): 229-236.
• Whanger PD. 1973. Effects of dietary Nickel on enzyme activities and mineral contents in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 25:323–333.
• Wu LF, Navarro C, Pina KQ, Mandrand MA. 1994. Antagonistic effect of nickel on the fermentative growth of Escherichia coli K-12 and comparison of nickel and cobalt toxicity on the aerobic and anaerobic growth. Environ Health Perspect 3:297-300.