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Allium cepa L.'da Tuz Teşvikli Stresin Hafifletilmesinde β-alanin Uygulamasının Sitogenetik ve Fizyolojik Etkileri

Year 2019, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 193 - 202, 30.11.2019

Dilek Çavuşoğlu

https://doi.org/10.29233/sdufeffd.584661

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, hem normal hem de tuz stresi koşullarında çimlendirilen Allium cepa
L.’da fide büyümesi (radikula sayısı, radikula uzunluğu
ve taze ağırlık), tohum çimlenmesi, kromozomal
anormallikler, mitotik aktivite ve mikronükleus
sıklığı üzerine β-alaninin etkileri
incelenmiştir. Tek başına β-alanin ortamında,
tohumların taze ağırlığı, radikula sayısı ve
radikula uzunluğu distile su ortamında çimlendirilen kontrol tohumlarına
kıyasla kısmen azalmış ancak çimlenme yüzdesi
istatistiki olarak kontrolle aynı değeri göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, tek
başına β-alanin ortamında çimlendirilen A. cepa
tohumlarının kök ucu meristem hücrelerindeki mitotik indeks ve mikronükleus oluşumu distile su ortamında çimlendirilen
kontrol tohumlarıyla aynı değerleri gösterirken, kromozomal anormallikler
kontrole kıyasla bir artış sergilemiştir. Diğer taraftan, tuz stresi A. cepa'nın tohum çimlenmesi ve fide büyümesini önemli ölçüde engellemiştir. Dahası,
tuz tohumların kök ucu hücrelerindeki
mitotik indeksi önemli ölçüde azaltmış ve
sitolojik hasarın en basit ve en etkili göstergesi olan mikronükleus oluşumu ve
kromozomal anormalliklerin sayısını arttırmıştır. Kromozomal
anormallikler, tohum çimlenmesi, fide büyümesi ve mitotik aktivite üzerindeki
tuzun zararlı etkileri β-alanin uygulamasıyla
çeşitli derecelerde azalmasına rağmen bu uygulama
mikronükleus oluşumu üzerindeki tuz hasarının azaltılmasında etkisiz olmuştur.

Keywords

β-alanin Kromozomal anormallik Fide büyümesi Tohum çimlenmesi Tuz stresi Mitotik indeks

References

  • [1] S. V. Isayenkov, “Physiological and molecular aspects of salt stress in plants,” Cytol. Genet., 46(5), 302-318, 2012.
  • [2] R. Porcel, R. Aroca, and J. M. Ruiz-Lozano, “Salinity stress alleviation using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,” Agron. Sust. Dev., 32(1), 181-200, 2012.
  • [3] A. Fita, A. Rodríguez-Burruezo, M. Boşcaiu, J. Prohens, and O. Vicente, “Breeding and domesticating crops adapted to drought and salinity: a new paradigm for increasing food production,” Front. Plant Sci., 12(6), 978, 2015.
  • [4] P. Shrivastava, and R. Kumar, “Soil salinity: A serious environmental issue and plant growth promoting bacteria as one of the tools for its alleviation,” Saudi J. Biol. Sci., 22(2), 123-31, 2015.
  • [5] V. Demidchik, S. Shabala, S. Isayenkov, T. A. Cuin, and I. Pottosin, “Calcium transport across plant membranes: mechanisms and functions,” New Phytol., 220(1), 49-69, 2018.
  • [6] Ö. T. Günkara, “The synthesis of tricyclic amino acid esters and their heck reactions,” M.S. thesis, Dept. Eng., Yıldız Teknik Ünv., İstanbul, Türkiye, 2009.
  • [7] O. Herrero, J. M. Pérez Martín, P. Fernández Freire, L. Carvajal López, A. Peropadre, and M. J. Hazen, “Toxicological evaluation of three contaminant of emerging concern by use of Allium cepa test,” Mutat. Res., 743 (1-2), 20-24, 2012.
  • [8] P. Firbas, and T. Amon, “Chromosome damage studies in the onion plant Allium cepa L.”, Caryologia., 67 (1), 25-35, 2014.
  • [9] K. Gajalakshmi, and P. Ruban, “Evaluation of physic chemical parameters and cytotoxic effect of Orathupalayam dam in Tirupur District,” Int. J. Agric. Pol. Res., 2 (5), 191-197, 2014.
  • [10] M. O. Mauro, J. R. Pesarini, M. A. Marin-Morales, M. T. F. D. Monreal, A. C. D. Monreal, M. S. Mantovani, and R. J. Oliveira, “Evaluation of the antimutagenic activity and mode of action of the fructooligosaccharide inulin in the meristematic cells of Allium cepa culture,” Genet. Mol. Res., 13(3), 4808-4819, 2014.
  • [11] P. C. Sharma, and P. K. Gupta, “Karyotypes in some pulse crops,” Nucleus., 25, 181-185, 1982.
  • [12] D.B. Duncan, “Multiple range and multiple F tests,” Biometrics., 11, 1-42, 1955.
  • [13] M. Fenech, W. P. Chang, M. Kırsch-Volders, N. Holland, S. Bonassı, E. Zeıger, “Human micronucleus Project: detailed description of the scoring criteria for the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay using isolated human lymphocyte cultures,” Mutat. Res., 534(1), 65-75, 2003.
  • [14] K. Çavuşoğlu, S. Cadıl, and D. Çavuşoğlu, “Role of potassium nitrate (KNO3) in alleviation of detrimental effects of salt stress on some physiological and cytogenetical parameters in Allium cepa L.”, Cytol., 82 (3), 279-286, 2017.
  • [15] D. Çavuşoğlu, K. Çavuşoğlu, and S. Tabur, “The effects of Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seed extract on the seed germination, seedling growth, mitotic activity and chromosomal abberations of Allium cepa L. under saline condition,” ARPN., 13 (5), 50-57, 2018.
  • [16] M. Doğan, E. Yalçın, A. Acar, D. Çavuşoğlu, Ü. Şengül, K. Yapar, and K. Çavuşoğlu, “Civil Dere Suyunda Bulunan Ağır Metal İyonlarının Allium cepa L. (Amaryllidaceae)’da Teşvik Ettiği Fizyolojik, Sitogenetik ve Anatomik Değişimlerin Araştırılması,” GBAD., 7 (2): 1-3, 2018.
  • [17] L. Luzhna, P. Kathiria, and O. Kovalchuk, “Micronuclei in genotoxicity assessment: from genetics to epigenetics and beyond,” Front. Genet., 4, 131, 2013.
  • [18] F. J. M. Maathuis Ahmadi, and J. Patishtan, “Regulation of Na+ fluxes in plants,” Front. Plant Sci., 5, 467, 2014.
  • [19] S. J. Roy, S. Negrão, and M. Tester, “Salt resistant crop plants,” Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 26, 115-124, 2014.
  • [20] V. Demidchik, D. Straltsova, S. S. Medvedev, G. A. Pozhvanov, A. Sokolik, and V. Yurin, “Stress-induced electrolyte leakage: the role of K+-permeable channels and involvement in programmed cell death and metabolic adjustment,” J. Exp. Bot., 65(5), 1259-1270, 2014.
  • [21] T. J. Flowers, and T. D. Colmer, “Plant salt tolerance: adaptations in halophytes,” Annals. Bot., 115 (3), 327-331, 2015.
  • [22] T. S. Souza, F. A. Heincklein, D. F. Angelis, and C. S. Fontanetti , “Clastogenicity of landfarming soil treated with sugar cane vinasse,” Env. Monit. Assess., 185, 1627-1636, 2013.
  • [23] N. O. Güler, K. Çavuşoğlu, and E. Yalçın, “Allium cepa L.’ da Krom (K2Cr2O7)’un Toksik Etkilerinin Araştırılması” GBAD., 7 (3), 146-158, 2018.
  • [24] D. Kurt, K. Çavuşoğlu, and E. Yalçin, “Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması,” JIST., 8 (2), 65-71, 2018.
  • [25] Ü. Üstündağ, E. Yalçin, A. Acar, K. Yapar, and K. Çavuşoğlu, “Allium cepa L. (Soğan)’da Dithane’nın Sebep Olduğu Toksisite: Fizyolojik ve Sitogenetik Değerlendirme,” GBAD., 8 (1), 10-19, 2019.
  • [26] O. Macar, T. K. Macar, E. Yalçın, and K. Çavuşoğlu, “Investigation of the physiological and anatomical effects of Vanadium (V) toxicity on Allium cepa L.- Allium cepa L.’da Vanadyum (V) Toksisitesinin Fizyolojik ve Anatomik Etkilerinin Araştırılması,” in Karadeniz 1. Uluslararası Multidisipliner Bilimsel Çalışmalar Conf.(UBAK), Giresun, Türkiye, 2019, pp. 158.
  • [27] A. Paul , S. Nag, and K. Sinha, “Cytological effects of Blitox on root mitosis of Allium cepa L.”, Int. J. Sci. Res. Pub., 3(5), 2250-3153, 2013.
  • [28] E. Goujon, C. Richard, P. Goupil, and G. Ledoigt, “Cytotoxicity on Allium cepa of the two main sulcotrione photoproducts, xanthene-1,9-dione-3,4-dihydro-6-methylsulphonyl and 2-chloro-4-mesylbenzoic acid,” Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 124, 37-42, 2015.
  • [29] N. Khanna, and S. Sharma, “Allium cepa root chromosomal aberration assay,” Ind. J. Pharm. Biol. Res., 1(3), 105-119, 2013.

Cytogenetical and Physiological Effects of β-alanine Treatment in Alleviation of Salt-Induced Stress in Allium cepa L.

Year 2019, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 193 - 202, 30.11.2019

Dilek Çavuşoğlu

https://doi.org/10.29233/sdufeffd.584661

Abstract

In this study, β-alanine effects on the seedling growth (radicle
number, radicle length and fresh weight), seed germination, chromosomal
aberrations, mitotic activity and micronucleus frequency in Allium cepa L. germinated in both salt stress
and normal conditions investigated. In only
β-alanine medium, the fresh weight, radicle
number and radicle length of the seeds partially reduced compared to the control
seeds germinated in distilled water medium but the germination percentage indicate statistically the same
value ​​as the control. Besides, while the micronucleus formation and mitotic index in root tip meristems of A. cepa seeds germinated in alone
β-alanine medium showed the same values as the control seeds germinated in distilled
water medium, the chromosomal abnormalities exhibited
an increase compared to the control. On the other hand, salt stress
significantly inhibited the seedling growth and seed germination of A. cepa.
What’s more, it majorly reduced the mitotic index in meristem cells of the seeds
and increased the number of chromosomal abnormalities and micronuclei formation,
which is the simplest indicator and the most effective of cytological damage. Althought the harmful affects of saltness on the chromosomal aberrations, seed germination, seedling growth and mitotic
activity alleviated in varying degrees by β-alanine
treatment, this application was inefficient in damage reducing of salt on the micronucleus formation.

Keywords

β-alanine Chromosomal aberrations Seedling growth Seed germination Salt stress Mitotic index

References

  • [1] S. V. Isayenkov, “Physiological and molecular aspects of salt stress in plants,” Cytol. Genet., 46(5), 302-318, 2012.
  • [2] R. Porcel, R. Aroca, and J. M. Ruiz-Lozano, “Salinity stress alleviation using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,” Agron. Sust. Dev., 32(1), 181-200, 2012.
  • [3] A. Fita, A. Rodríguez-Burruezo, M. Boşcaiu, J. Prohens, and O. Vicente, “Breeding and domesticating crops adapted to drought and salinity: a new paradigm for increasing food production,” Front. Plant Sci., 12(6), 978, 2015.
  • [4] P. Shrivastava, and R. Kumar, “Soil salinity: A serious environmental issue and plant growth promoting bacteria as one of the tools for its alleviation,” Saudi J. Biol. Sci., 22(2), 123-31, 2015.
  • [5] V. Demidchik, S. Shabala, S. Isayenkov, T. A. Cuin, and I. Pottosin, “Calcium transport across plant membranes: mechanisms and functions,” New Phytol., 220(1), 49-69, 2018.
  • [6] Ö. T. Günkara, “The synthesis of tricyclic amino acid esters and their heck reactions,” M.S. thesis, Dept. Eng., Yıldız Teknik Ünv., İstanbul, Türkiye, 2009.
  • [7] O. Herrero, J. M. Pérez Martín, P. Fernández Freire, L. Carvajal López, A. Peropadre, and M. J. Hazen, “Toxicological evaluation of three contaminant of emerging concern by use of Allium cepa test,” Mutat. Res., 743 (1-2), 20-24, 2012.
  • [8] P. Firbas, and T. Amon, “Chromosome damage studies in the onion plant Allium cepa L.”, Caryologia., 67 (1), 25-35, 2014.
  • [9] K. Gajalakshmi, and P. Ruban, “Evaluation of physic chemical parameters and cytotoxic effect of Orathupalayam dam in Tirupur District,” Int. J. Agric. Pol. Res., 2 (5), 191-197, 2014.
  • [10] M. O. Mauro, J. R. Pesarini, M. A. Marin-Morales, M. T. F. D. Monreal, A. C. D. Monreal, M. S. Mantovani, and R. J. Oliveira, “Evaluation of the antimutagenic activity and mode of action of the fructooligosaccharide inulin in the meristematic cells of Allium cepa culture,” Genet. Mol. Res., 13(3), 4808-4819, 2014.
  • [11] P. C. Sharma, and P. K. Gupta, “Karyotypes in some pulse crops,” Nucleus., 25, 181-185, 1982.
  • [12] D.B. Duncan, “Multiple range and multiple F tests,” Biometrics., 11, 1-42, 1955.
  • [13] M. Fenech, W. P. Chang, M. Kırsch-Volders, N. Holland, S. Bonassı, E. Zeıger, “Human micronucleus Project: detailed description of the scoring criteria for the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay using isolated human lymphocyte cultures,” Mutat. Res., 534(1), 65-75, 2003.
  • [14] K. Çavuşoğlu, S. Cadıl, and D. Çavuşoğlu, “Role of potassium nitrate (KNO3) in alleviation of detrimental effects of salt stress on some physiological and cytogenetical parameters in Allium cepa L.”, Cytol., 82 (3), 279-286, 2017.
  • [15] D. Çavuşoğlu, K. Çavuşoğlu, and S. Tabur, “The effects of Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seed extract on the seed germination, seedling growth, mitotic activity and chromosomal abberations of Allium cepa L. under saline condition,” ARPN., 13 (5), 50-57, 2018.
  • [16] M. Doğan, E. Yalçın, A. Acar, D. Çavuşoğlu, Ü. Şengül, K. Yapar, and K. Çavuşoğlu, “Civil Dere Suyunda Bulunan Ağır Metal İyonlarının Allium cepa L. (Amaryllidaceae)’da Teşvik Ettiği Fizyolojik, Sitogenetik ve Anatomik Değişimlerin Araştırılması,” GBAD., 7 (2): 1-3, 2018.
  • [17] L. Luzhna, P. Kathiria, and O. Kovalchuk, “Micronuclei in genotoxicity assessment: from genetics to epigenetics and beyond,” Front. Genet., 4, 131, 2013.
  • [18] F. J. M. Maathuis Ahmadi, and J. Patishtan, “Regulation of Na+ fluxes in plants,” Front. Plant Sci., 5, 467, 2014.
  • [19] S. J. Roy, S. Negrão, and M. Tester, “Salt resistant crop plants,” Curr. Opin. Biotechnol., 26, 115-124, 2014.
  • [20] V. Demidchik, D. Straltsova, S. S. Medvedev, G. A. Pozhvanov, A. Sokolik, and V. Yurin, “Stress-induced electrolyte leakage: the role of K+-permeable channels and involvement in programmed cell death and metabolic adjustment,” J. Exp. Bot., 65(5), 1259-1270, 2014.
  • [21] T. J. Flowers, and T. D. Colmer, “Plant salt tolerance: adaptations in halophytes,” Annals. Bot., 115 (3), 327-331, 2015.
  • [22] T. S. Souza, F. A. Heincklein, D. F. Angelis, and C. S. Fontanetti , “Clastogenicity of landfarming soil treated with sugar cane vinasse,” Env. Monit. Assess., 185, 1627-1636, 2013.
  • [23] N. O. Güler, K. Çavuşoğlu, and E. Yalçın, “Allium cepa L.’ da Krom (K2Cr2O7)’un Toksik Etkilerinin Araştırılması” GBAD., 7 (3), 146-158, 2018.
  • [24] D. Kurt, K. Çavuşoğlu, and E. Yalçin, “Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması,” JIST., 8 (2), 65-71, 2018.
  • [25] Ü. Üstündağ, E. Yalçin, A. Acar, K. Yapar, and K. Çavuşoğlu, “Allium cepa L. (Soğan)’da Dithane’nın Sebep Olduğu Toksisite: Fizyolojik ve Sitogenetik Değerlendirme,” GBAD., 8 (1), 10-19, 2019.
  • [26] O. Macar, T. K. Macar, E. Yalçın, and K. Çavuşoğlu, “Investigation of the physiological and anatomical effects of Vanadium (V) toxicity on Allium cepa L.- Allium cepa L.’da Vanadyum (V) Toksisitesinin Fizyolojik ve Anatomik Etkilerinin Araştırılması,” in Karadeniz 1. Uluslararası Multidisipliner Bilimsel Çalışmalar Conf.(UBAK), Giresun, Türkiye, 2019, pp. 158.
  • [27] A. Paul , S. Nag, and K. Sinha, “Cytological effects of Blitox on root mitosis of Allium cepa L.”, Int. J. Sci. Res. Pub., 3(5), 2250-3153, 2013.
  • [28] E. Goujon, C. Richard, P. Goupil, and G. Ledoigt, “Cytotoxicity on Allium cepa of the two main sulcotrione photoproducts, xanthene-1,9-dione-3,4-dihydro-6-methylsulphonyl and 2-chloro-4-mesylbenzoic acid,” Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 124, 37-42, 2015.
  • [29] N. Khanna, and S. Sharma, “Allium cepa root chromosomal aberration assay,” Ind. J. Pharm. Biol. Res., 1(3), 105-119, 2013.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Dilek Çavuşoğlu 0000-0002-7963-8204

Publication Date November 30, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

IEEE D. Çavuşoğlu, “Cytogenetical and Physiological Effects of β-alanine Treatment in Alleviation of Salt-Induced Stress in Allium cepa L”., Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Arts and Science Journal of Science, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 193–202, 2019, doi: 10.29233/sdufeffd.584661.
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