Interaction of Pratylenchus thornei and Rhizoctonia solani on Wheat

Abstract

The present study was carried out with simultaneous and sequential inoculations of Pratylenchus thornei and Rhizoctonia solani on wheat with 6 different applications under controlled conditions between March and July 2021. Nematode and fungus inoculation was carried out ten days after sowing the wheat seeds according to the application priority. One thousand larva+adult from P. thornei, and 5% of the bran culture prepared with R. solani were mixed into sterile potting soil. Plants were removed after about 7 weeks and the evaluation was carried out on R. solani disease severity, R. solani density in soil, total nematode density in soil and root (PF) and P. thornei reproduction rate (PF (final)/PI (initial)). It was determinated that the nematode density in the root was higher in simultaneous inoculation of R. solani and P. thornei (N+F) (4840 individuals/root) and R. solani inoculation 2 weeks after P. thornei (N+2F) (4946 individuals/root) applications than the P. thornei application alone (N) (4166 individuals/root). While the lowest reproduction rate of P. thornei was found in the application of P. thornei (6.7) which was performed two weeks after the application of R. solani (F+2N), the reproduction rates of P. thornei were found to be close to each other in N (7.0), N+F (7.4) and N+2F (7.4) applications. The disease severity of only R. solani application (40.2 %) was found lower than N+F (48.6 %) and N+2F (50.4 %) applications. These results show that P. thornei increases root rot disease caused by R. solani on wheat.

Keywords

• Wheat
• Root rot
• Disease complex
• Nematode-fungus interaction

Buğdayda Pratylenchus thornei ve Rhizoctonia solani Etkileşimi

Abstract

Çalışma kontrollü koşullar altında 2021 yılının Mart-Temmuz ayları arasında Pratylenchus thornei ve Rhizoctonia solani’nin buğday üzerinde eş zamanlı ve ardışık inokulasyonlarıyla 6 farklı uygulama ile yürütülmüştür. Buğday tohumlarının ekiminden 10 gün sonra uygulama önceliğine göre nematod ve fungus inokulasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Pratylenchus thornei için inokulum yoğunluğu 1000 larva+ergin birey kullanılırken, R. solani için hazırlanan kepek kültüründen steril saksı toprağına %5 oranında karıştırılmıştır. Bitkiler yaklaşık 7 hafta sonra sökülerek değerlendirme işlemi R. solani hastalık şiddeti, R. solani ’nin topraktaki yoğunluğu, toprak ve kökteki toplam nematod yoğunluğu (PF) ve P. thornei üreme oranı (PF (final)/Pİ (ilk)) üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Eş zamanlı R. solani ve P. thornei (N+F) uygulaması (4840 birey /kök) ile P. thornei uygulamasından 2 hafta sonra R. solani (N+2F) uygulamasında (4946 birey/kök) kökteki nematod yoğunluğunun yalnız nematod (N) uygulaması (4166 birey/kök)’ndan yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Pratylenchus thornei’nin en düşük üreme oranı R. solani uygulamasından 2 hafta sonra P. thornei (F+2N) uygulamasında (6.7) bulunurken, N (7.0), N+F (7.4) ve N+2F (7.4) uygulamalarının üreme oranları birbirine yakın saptanmıştır. Sadece R. solani uygulamasının (% 40.2) hastalık şiddeti N+F (% 48.6) ve N+2F (% 50.4) uygulamalarından daha düşük bulunmuştur. Bu sonuç buğdayda P. thornei ’nin R. solani'nin neden olduğu kök çürüklüğü hastalığını arttırdığını göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Buğday
• Kök çürüklüğü
• Hastalık kompleksi
• Nematod-fungus interaksiyonu

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