Yeni Diz Protezleri Geliştirmede Dinamik Yönlendirme (FD) Simülasyonunun Rolü

Abstract

Ampüte bireyler mekanik olarak pasif protezlerinin kontrol ve güç eksikliğinden dolayı çeşitli yürüme sorunları ile karşı karşıyadırlar. Bu sorunların arasında hayati önem taşıyanlar ise denge ile ilgili olanlardır; zira düşmeler ve düşme korkusu, daha çok güç sarfı gerektiren aktivitelerden kaçınmaya neden olabilmektedir. Transfemoral yapay bir uzuv, diz üstünden eksik olan bir bacağın yerini almaktadır. Bir transfemoral protez, bir yuva, diz, gövde, ayak ve süspansiyon mekanizmasından oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sağlıklı bir bireyin mevcut 3B nöromüsküler modeli, 3R60’lı bir transfemoral ampüte bireyi betimleyecek şekilde uyarlanmıştır. Bu model, 0,9 m/s ve 1,2 m/s yürüme hızlarında Matlab 2019b Simulink programı ile simüle edilmiştir. Sağlıklı model ile ampüte model arasındaki farklar literatür sonuçlarıyla karşılaştırılarak modelin performansı değerlendirilmiştir. Simüle edilen ampüte yürüyüşü, özellikle 1,2 m/s hızda literatür ile uyumlu bulunmuştur. Modelin koronal düzlemdeki salınımı 0,9 m/s’dir; bu da dengeyi korumanın zor olduğunu göstermektedir. Düşmeyi önleme konusunda protez bacakta bir jiroskop kontrol momenti ile bir örnek çalışma da yapılmıştır. Jiroskop kontrol momenti, düşmeyi önlemek için dizin esnemesini (bükülmesini) ve uzamasını artırmaktadır. 1,2 m/s hızda dönme hareketi (whirligig) için atılan adım, ekstra kontrol süresi sayesinde daha dengeli olmuştur.

Keywords

• Kontrol momenti jiroskopu,
• Yürüyüş simülasyonu,
• Optimizasyon,
• Nöromüsküler model,
• Transfemoral ampüte,
• Diz protezi.

The Role of Forwarding Dynamic (FD) Simulation in Developing New Knee Prosthesis

Abstract

Amputees face several gait deficits due to their mechanically passive prostheses' lack of control and power. Of crucial importance among these deficits are those related to balance, as falls and a fear of falling can cause an avoidance of activity that leads to further debilitation. A transfemoral an artificial limb replaces a missing leg above the knee. A transfemoral prosthesis consists of a socket, knee, shank, foot, and mechanism for the suspension. The current 3D neuromuscular model of a healthy person in this study is adjusted to depict a transfemoral amputee with a 3R60. The model is simulated by Matlab 2019b Simulink program with a walking speed of 0.9 m/s and 1.2 m/s. The model's performance is assessed by comparing the distinctions between the healthy model and the amputee to the literature results. The amputee gait simulated is in keeping with the literature, particularly at speeds of 1.2 m/s. The oscillations of the model in the coronal plane are 0.9 m/s, indicating that balance is difficult to maintain. A case study was also conducted with a gyroscope control moment in the prosthetic shank on fall prevention. The gyroscope control moment enhances flexing the knee and extending it to prevent a drop. The step was more balanced with the extra control time whirligig at 1.2 m/s.

Keywords

• Control moment gyroscope,
• Gait simulation,
• Optimization,
• Neuromuscular model,
• Trans-femoral amputee,
• Knee prosthesis.

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