Effects of Phenyl Isothiocyanate on Biofilm Formation and Violacin Production in Chromobacterium violaceum

Abstract

In this study, the anti-quorum sensing (anti-QS) effects of phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC) on the virulence factors of Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472 were examined. The antibacterial activity of PITC was evaluated, revealing inhibition zones within the range of 8-1 mM. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined to be 1 mM, while the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was found to be greater than 2 mM. At sub-MIC concentrations (0.5-0.0625 mM), it was identified through the crystal violet assay that PITC inhibited biofilm formation by 41% at 0.5 mM and by 21% at 0.25 mM. Additionally, spectrophotometric analysis indicated a reduction in violacein production of 55% in the presence of 0.5 mM PITC and 31% at 0.25 mM. These findings suggest that PITC is capable of suppressing biofilm formation and violacein production in C. violaceum without inducing cell death, thereby positioning it as a potential anti-virulence agent. However, comprehensive studies on toxicity and the mechanism of action are necessary prior to clinical applications. This research indicates that PITC could represent an alternative approach to the antibiotic resistance crisis and may illuminate new strategies for the control of biofilm-related infections.

Keywords

• Phenyl isothiocyanate
• Quorum sensing
• Chromobacterium violaceum
• Biofilm
• Violacein

Project Number

8139

Chromobacterium violaceum'da Biyofilm Oluşumu ve Viyolasin Üretimi Üzerine Fenil İzotiyosiyanatın Etkileri

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, fenil izotiyosiyanatın (PITC) Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472'nin virülans faktörleri üzerindeki anti-quorum sensing (anti-QS) etkileri incelenmiştir. PITC'nin antibakteriyel aktivitesi değerlendirildiğinde ve 8-1 mM aralığında inhibisyon zonları gözlemlenmiştir. Minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon (MİK) 1 mM, minimum bakterisidal konsantrasyon (MBK) ise >2 mM olarak belirlenmiştir. Sub-MİK konsantrasyonlarda (0.5-0.0625 mM), PITC'nin biyofilm oluşumunu 0.5 mM için %41, 0.25 mM için %21 oranında inhibe ettiği kristal viyole yöntemiyle tespit edilmiştir. Viyolasin üretiminin 0.5 mM PITC varlığında %55, 0.25 mM için %31 azaldığı spektrofotometrik olarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, PITC'nin C. violaceum için hücre ölümüne neden olmadan biyofilm oluşumunu ve viyolasin üretimini baskılayabildiğini ve anti-virülans ajan olarak potansiyel taşıdığını ortaya koymuştur. Ancak, klinik uygulamalar öncesinde toksisite ve etki mekanizmasına yönelik detaylı çalışmalar gereklidir. Bu çalışma, PITC'nin antibiyotik direnci krizine alternatif bir yaklaşım olarak değerlendirilebileceğini ve biyofilm kaynaklı enfeksiyonların kontrolünde yeni stratejilere ışık tutabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Fenil izotiyosiyanat
• Quorum sensing
• Chromobacterium violaceum
• Biyofilm
• Viyolasin

Supporting Institution

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri (BAP)

Project Number

8139

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışmada, Yükseköğretim Kurumları Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Yönergesi'nde belirtilen tüm kurallara tam olarak uyulduğunu ve aynı yönergenin 'Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiğine Aykırı Eylemler' başlığı altında tanımlanan herhangi bir eylemin gerçekleştirilmediğini beyan ederiz.

Thanks

Bu çalışma, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri (BAP) tarafından desteklenmiştir (Proje ID: 8139). Destekleri için SDÜ BAP'a teşekkür ederiz.

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