Amatör ve Profesyonel Cankurtaranların Düşerek Sıçrama Performanslarının Biyomekanik ve Elektrofizyolojik Yöntemler Kullanılarak Araştırılması

Abstract

Cankurtaranların stabil olmayan bir zeminde kısa zamanda yüksek ivmeli performans göstermeleri gerekmektedir ve bu koşullarda ani kuvvet oluşumuna yönelik performanslarının arttırılması oldukça önem taşımaktadır. Bu sebeple çalışma kapsamında uzun süredir cankurtaranlık yapanların (profesyonel) ve mesleğe yeni başlayanlara (amatör) kıyasla düşerek sıçrama hareketi sırasında musküler aktivasyon paternlerinin daha verimli olacağı hipotezimizi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında Antalya ilinde görev yapan ve en az gümüş cankurtaran derecesine 24 katılımcıdan (her grup için n=12) ölçüm alınmıştır. Düşerek sıçrama sırasındaki biyomekanik performansları kuvvet ölçüm platformu, elektrofizyolojik performansları ise tibialis anterior ve gastrocnemius kaslarından yüzey elektromiyografi yöntemiyle ile değerlendirilmiştir. Profesyonel cankurtaranların amatörlere kıyasla gastrocnemius kaslarını daha iyi aktive edebildiği (sırasıyla, %53,99 ve %34,77) ve maksimal aktiviteye ulaşma süresini (sırasıyla, 0,34s ve 0,20s) geciktirerek kas yorgunluğunun oluşmasını geciktirdiği gözlemlendi (p<0,05). Çalışma sonuçlarının vakaya hızlı müdahale gerektiren cankurtaranlık mesleğinde hareketin verimliliğin arttırılması açısından literatüre katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

Keywords

• Biyomekanik
• EMG
• Elektrofizyoloji

Investigation of Drop Jump Performances of Amateur and Professional Lifesavers Using Biomechanical and Electrophysiological Methods

Abstract

Lifesavers must perform with high acceleration in a short time on unstable ground, making it crucial to enhance their sudden force production capabilities. We hypothesize that muscular activation patterns will be more efficient during drop jumps in professional lifesavers compared to amateurs. In our study, 24 volunteers, all holding at least a silver lifesaver degree, participated (12 in each group). The participants underwent anthropometric measurements, and their biomechanical performance during the drop jump was assessed using a force plate platform. We evaluated electrophysiological performance through surface electromyography targeting the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles. Our findings revealed that professional lifesavers activated the gastrocnemius muscle more effectively before landing, with activation rates of 53.99% for professionals compared to 34.77% for amateurs. Additionally, professionals demonstrated a delayed onset of muscle fatigue, taking 0.34 seconds to reach maximal activity, while amateurs reached it in 0.20 seconds (p<0.05). The results of this study are expected to contribute to the literature by enhancing the efficiency of movements required for lifesavers, particularly in situations requiring rapid intervention.

Keywords

• Biomechanics
• EMG
• Electrophysiology

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