Cytogenetic Effect of Boric Acid Application on Barley Seeds Germinated under Salt Stress

Abstract

The effect of exogenous boric acid on the mitotic activity and chromosomal aberrations in root tip meristems of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. ‘Bülbül 89’) seeds germinated under salt stress was investigated. The inhibitory effect of salinity on mitotic index increased with increasing salt concentrations (0.00- control, 0.25, 0.275 and 0.30 M, molar NaCl) as compared to control group. The mitotic index greatly reduced at the highest salt level (0.30 M NaCl). At the same time, the frequency of chromosomal aberrations increased significantly in parallel with the salt concentration rise. It was determined that application of alone boric acid (0,005 µM) was not a prohibitive effect on mitotic index as compared with the barley seeds germinated in distilled water (C, control). Also, the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in application of boric acid increased approximately three-fold according to the control group. Boric acid+different NaCl concentrations simultaneously application remarkably increased the negative effects of salinity on the mitotic activity. However, boric acid application, particularly at high salt concentrations showed a perfect successful in alleviating of the detrimental effect of salinity on the chromosomal aberrations

Keywords

• Barley
• Boric acid
• Mitotic activity
• Chromosomal aberrations
• Salt stress

Tuz Stresi Altında Çimlendirilen Arpa Tohumlarında Borik Asit Uygulamasının Sitogenetik Etkisi

Abstract

Tuz stresi altında çimlendirilen arpa (Hordeum vulgare L., cv 'Bülbül 89') tohumlarının kök ucu meristemlerindeki mitotik aktivite ve kromozom anormallikleri üzerine dışsal borik asit uygulamasının etkisi araştırılmıştır. Kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında, mitotik indeks üzerine tuzluluğun engelleyici etkisi tuz konsantrasyon artışına (0,00- kontrol, 0,25 M, 0,275 M ve 0,30 M) bağlı olarak artmıştır. En yüksek tuz seviyesinde (0,30 M) mitotik indeks büyük ölçüde indirgenmiştir. Aynı zamanda tuz konsantrasyon artışına paralel olarak kromozom anormallik frekansı önemli derecede artmıştır. Borik asit (0,005 µM) ön uygulamasına maruz bırakılan arpa tohumları ile saf su ortamında (K, kontrol) çimlendirilen tohumların mitotik indeksi karşılaştırıldığında tek başına borik asit uygulamasının mitotik indeks üzerine engelleyici bir etkiye sahip olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca borik asit uygulamasında kromozom anormalliklerinin frekansı kontrol grubuna göre yaklaşık üç kat artış göstermiştir. Farklı tuz konsantrasyonları ve borik asitin eş zamanlı uygulaması mitotik indeks üzerindeki negatif etkiyi büyük ölçüde arttırmıştır. Bununla birlikte borik asit özellikle yüksek tuz konsantrasyonlarında kromozom anormallikleri üzerine tuzun zararlı etkisini hafifletmede mükemmel bir başarı göstermiştir.

Keywords

• Arpa
• Borik asit
• Mitotik aktivite
• Kromozom anormallikleri
• Tuz stresi

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