Fatty Acid and Amino Acid Profiles in Some Dune Vegetation Species from Istanbul

Abstract

Dunes are one of the most dynamic ecosystems in the nature and they are considered as a special habitat type hosting valuable genetic resources. Dunes located in Turkey are very rich in terms of plant diversity. Istanbul has special place for the richness of endemic and rare species in its dune vegetations. Biochemical characteristics of some plant species growing in Istanbul dunes, which are under immense threat during the recent years have been examined in the present study. Seed samples and aerial parts of the plants have been analysed for fatty acid and amino acid compositions. The higher concentrations of α-linolenic acid were quantified in Euphorbia paralias (48.24%) and Diplotaxis tenuifolia (24.47%). Linoleic acid concentrations were detected at the higher levels in Xanthium strumarium (68.51%) and Otanthus maritimus (66.62%). Eryngium campestre (44.97%), Cyperus capitatus (44.27%) and Eryngium maritimum (41.88%) were found to have high oleic acid concentrations. 20,32% punicic acid  was detected in Ecballium elaterium. The higher concentrations of some essential amino acids were observed in the seeds. Proline is the dominant amino acid in the aerial parts of all taxa examined. Significant correlations between amino acid concentrations were calculated. The data obtained in the present study reveal that regarding plants as novel crops can be efficient for utilization in biochemical and biotechnological applications in many fields such as human nutrition, health and other industrial purposes.

Keywords

• Istanbul,Dune,Seed,Halophyte,Fatty acid,Amino acid

İstanbul’daki Bazı Kumul Bitkilerinde Yağ Asidi ve Amino Asit Profilleri

Abstract

Kumullar, doğadaki en dinamik ekosistemlerden biridir ve değerli genetik kaynakları barındıran özel bir yaşam alanı türü olarak kabul edilirler. Türkiye'de bulunan kumul alanlar bitki çeşitliliği açısından oldukça zengindir. İstanbul kumul bitkileri de endemik ve nadir türlerin zenginliği açısından özel bir yere sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, İstanbul kumullarında yetişen ve son yıllarda büyük tehdit altında olan bazı bitki türlerinin biyokimyasal özellikleri incelenmiştir. Tohum örneklerinde ve bitkilerin toprak üstü sürgün kısımlarında yağ asidi ve amino asit bileşimleri analiz edilmiştir. Euphorbia paralias (%48.24) ve Diplotaxis tenuifolia (%24.47) türlerinde yüksek a-linolenik asit konsantrasyonları ölçülmüştür. Xanthium strumarium (%68.51) ve Otanthus maritimus (%66.62) 'da yüksek linoleik asit düzeyleri tespit edilmiştir. Eryngium campestre (%44.97), Cyperus capitatus (%44.27) ve Eryngium maritimum (%41.88) yüksek oleik asit içeriklerine sahiptir. Ecballium elaterium’da %20,32 oranında punisik asit saptanmıştır. Taksonların  tohumlarında bazı esansiyel amino asitlere yüksek düzeylerde rastlanmıştır.  Prolin, incelenen tüm taksonların toprak üstü sürgünlerinde baskın olan amino asittir. Amino asit konsantrasyonları arasında anlamlı korelasyonlar gözlemlenmiştir (p<0.05). Elde edilen veriler, söz konusu taksonların yeni ürünler olarak beslenme, sağlık ve diğer endüstriyel alanlardaki biyokimyasal ve biyoteknolojik uygulamalarda kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

• İstanbul,Kumul,Tohum,Halofit,Yağ asidi,Amino asit

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