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Electromagnetic Pollution Assessment in Different Environments with Measurements and Modellings at Very Low Frequency

Year 2017, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 724 - 732, 11.08.2017

Abstract

A major factor of anxiety and speculation come from electromagnetic fields which represent one of the most common and fastest increasing environmental issues. The purpose of this work is to examine existing electric and magnetic fields’ levels in a typical house and an office at very low frequency, and comparing the measurement results with the prior studies and also with the ICNIRP standard limits. This study also comprises the three phase conductors’ electromagnetic fields analysis at a point. As a result, it is observed that the measured values are approaching to the calculated ones.

References

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  • [2] Milham, S. 1985. Mortality in Workers Exposed to Electromagnetic Fields. Environmental Health Perspective, 62(1985), 297-300.
  • [3] Savitz, D. et al. 1988. Case-control Study of Childhood Cancer and Exposure to 60-Hz Magnetic Fields. . American Journal of Epidemiology, 128(1) (1988), 21-38.
  • [4] Fisher, D. 2009. Dirty Electricity and the Link to Cancer, Nexus Magazine Oct-Nov 2009.
  • [5] Habash, W.T.R. 2002. Electromagnetic Fields and Radiation, Human Bioeffects and Safety. Marcel Dekker, 123s.
  • [6] Lee, J. M., Pierce, K. S., Spiering, C. A., Steams R.D., VanGinhoven, G. 1996. Electrical and Biological Effects of Transmission Lines: A Review. Boneville Power Administration Portland, Oregon.
  • [7] Havas, M. 2000. Biological Effects of Non-ionizing Electromagnetic Energy: A Critical Review of the Reports by the US National Research Council and the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences as they relate to the broad realm of EMF Bioeffects. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Rev. 8 (2000), 173-253.
  • [8] Demirci, H. 2001. Calculation and effect of electromagnetic fields with the human body. Marmara University Physical Sciences Institute, Master Science Thesis, Istanbul.
  • [9] Havas, M. 2013. Radiation from Wireless Technology Affects the Blood, the Hearth and the Autonomic Nervous System. Reviews on. Environmental Health, 28 (2-3) (2013), 75-84.
  • [10] Carpenter, D. O., Sage, C. ed. 2012. BioInitiative Report: A Rationale for Biologically-based Public Exposure Standards for Electromagnetics Fields (ELF and RF). www.bioinitiative.org (Access Time: 20.04.2017).
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  • [12] Blank, M., Havas, M., Kelley, E., Lai H., Moskowitz, J. 2015. International Apeal: Scientists Call for Protection from Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Field Exposure. European Journal of Oncology, 20 (3/4) (2015), 180-182. www.emfscientist.org. (Access Time: 20.04.2017).
  • [13] Havas, M. 2017. When Theory and Observation Collide: Can Non-ionizing Radiation Cause Cancer? Environmental Pollution, 221 (2017), 501-505.
  • [14] The World Health Organization, 2001. Electromagnetic fields and public health: Extrelemely low frequency fields and cancer. WHO Fact Sheet 263, October 2001. (Access Time: 20.04.2017)
  • [15] Kaune, W. T., Stevens, R. G., Callahan, N. J., Severson, R. K., Thomas, D. B. 1987. Residential Magnetic and Electric Fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 8 (1987), 315-335.
  • [16] Silva, M., Hummon, N., Rutter, D., Hooper, C. 1989. Power Frequency Magnetic Fields in the Home. IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery, 4 (1) (1989), 465-477.
  • [17] Sandström, M., Mild, K. H., Stenberg, B., Wall, S. A. 1993. Survey of Electric and Magnetic Fields among VDT Operators in Offices. IEEE Transaction on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 35- 3(1993), 394-397.
  • [18] Tulgar, T. M. 1998. Experimental and modelling study of electromagnetic pollution in a typical Turkish house, hospital and plant. Master Science Thesis, Istanbul.
  • [19] Tong, Z. 2011. Thinking of Environmental Problems. International Conference on Multimedia Technology, ICMT 2011, July 26-28, Hangzhou, China.
  • [20] Hajdaveric, K., Pattinson, C. 2011. EMF Hot-Spot Creation Avoidance in Office and Home-Office Environments. Proceedings of the 34th International Convention MIPRO, May 23-27, Opatija, Croatia.
  • [21] Fu, T., Chen, Y., Han, L., Qin, Q. 2012. Preliminary Report on the Indoor Electromagnetic Radiation in a Municipality of Western P. R. China: Up-to-now Still within the Range. Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications, 4 (2012), 199-205.
  • [22] El-Marakby, F. 2012. Personal Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields Emitted from Household Electrical Appliances in Alexandria. Bulletin of High Institute of Public Health, 42(2) (2012), 224-234.
  • [23] İbrahim, M., Ozovehe, A., Hamdallah, A. 2013. Risk Assessment of Magnetic Field Pollution in Average Home. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 3(2) (2013), 1126-1130.
  • [24] Redl, R., Tenti, P., Wyk, J.D. 1997. Combatting the Pollution of the Power Distribution Systems by Electronic Equipment. Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 27 February, Atlanta, USA, 42-48.
  • [25] Lee, T.M., Cao, L.J. 1998. Electromagnetic interference on computer monitors caused by currents in riser cables, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
  • [26] Yougang, G., Lifang, Y. 1998. Determination of Dangerous Region of the Electromagnetic Pollution Caused by the Electric Fields Around Power Line. International Conference on Communication Technology, ICCT 1998, October 22-24, Beijing, China.
  • [27] Redl, R. 2001. Electromagnetic Environmental Impact of Power Electronics Equipment. Proceedings of the IEEE, 89 (1), 926-938.
  • [28] Sirav, B., Sezgin, G., Seyhan N. 2014. Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields of Transformers and Possible Biological and Health Effects. Electromagnetics in Biological Medicine, 33 (4), 302-306.
  • [29] Sarıkahya, N.M. 2014. Bir işyerinde elektromanyetik alan ölçümü yapılması ve sonuçlarının iş sağlığı ve güvenliği yönünden değerlendirilmesi. İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Uzmanlık Tezi, T.C. Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı, Ankara.
  • [30] Abbasov, T., Karadağ, T., Karaca, E. 2015. Elektrikli toplu taşıma araçlarında elektromanyetik alanların ölçülmesi ve değerlendirilmesi. Karadeniz Technical University, Technical Report, Turkey. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4805.2567
  • [31] Demircan, Ö.E. 2013. Radyo /TV vericilerinden kaynaklı elektromanyetik alan şiddeti ölçüm sonuçlarının değerlendirilmes: Karadeniz Bölgesi İncelemesi. Bilgi Teknojileri ve İletişim Kurumu, İdari Uzmanlık Tezi, Samsun, Turkey.
  • [32] Hayt, W. H., Jr. 1989. Engineering Electromagnetics. McGraw-Hill, New York.
  • [33] International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), 1998. Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-varying Electric, Magnetic and Electromagnetic Fields (Up to 300 GHz). Health Physics. 41(1998), 449-552.
Year 2017, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 724 - 732, 11.08.2017

Abstract

References

  • [1] Wertheimer, N., Leeper, E. 1979. Electrical Wiring Configurations and Childhood Cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology, 109(3) (2011), 273-284.
  • [2] Milham, S. 1985. Mortality in Workers Exposed to Electromagnetic Fields. Environmental Health Perspective, 62(1985), 297-300.
  • [3] Savitz, D. et al. 1988. Case-control Study of Childhood Cancer and Exposure to 60-Hz Magnetic Fields. . American Journal of Epidemiology, 128(1) (1988), 21-38.
  • [4] Fisher, D. 2009. Dirty Electricity and the Link to Cancer, Nexus Magazine Oct-Nov 2009.
  • [5] Habash, W.T.R. 2002. Electromagnetic Fields and Radiation, Human Bioeffects and Safety. Marcel Dekker, 123s.
  • [6] Lee, J. M., Pierce, K. S., Spiering, C. A., Steams R.D., VanGinhoven, G. 1996. Electrical and Biological Effects of Transmission Lines: A Review. Boneville Power Administration Portland, Oregon.
  • [7] Havas, M. 2000. Biological Effects of Non-ionizing Electromagnetic Energy: A Critical Review of the Reports by the US National Research Council and the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences as they relate to the broad realm of EMF Bioeffects. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Rev. 8 (2000), 173-253.
  • [8] Demirci, H. 2001. Calculation and effect of electromagnetic fields with the human body. Marmara University Physical Sciences Institute, Master Science Thesis, Istanbul.
  • [9] Havas, M. 2013. Radiation from Wireless Technology Affects the Blood, the Hearth and the Autonomic Nervous System. Reviews on. Environmental Health, 28 (2-3) (2013), 75-84.
  • [10] Carpenter, D. O., Sage, C. ed. 2012. BioInitiative Report: A Rationale for Biologically-based Public Exposure Standards for Electromagnetics Fields (ELF and RF). www.bioinitiative.org (Access Time: 20.04.2017).
  • [11] Levitt, B. B., Lai, H. 2010. Biological Effects from Exposure to Electromagnetic Radiation Emitted by Cell Tower Base Stations and Other Antenna Arrays. Environmental Reviews, 18 (2010), 369-395.
  • [12] Blank, M., Havas, M., Kelley, E., Lai H., Moskowitz, J. 2015. International Apeal: Scientists Call for Protection from Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Field Exposure. European Journal of Oncology, 20 (3/4) (2015), 180-182. www.emfscientist.org. (Access Time: 20.04.2017).
  • [13] Havas, M. 2017. When Theory and Observation Collide: Can Non-ionizing Radiation Cause Cancer? Environmental Pollution, 221 (2017), 501-505.
  • [14] The World Health Organization, 2001. Electromagnetic fields and public health: Extrelemely low frequency fields and cancer. WHO Fact Sheet 263, October 2001. (Access Time: 20.04.2017)
  • [15] Kaune, W. T., Stevens, R. G., Callahan, N. J., Severson, R. K., Thomas, D. B. 1987. Residential Magnetic and Electric Fields. Bioelectromagnetics, 8 (1987), 315-335.
  • [16] Silva, M., Hummon, N., Rutter, D., Hooper, C. 1989. Power Frequency Magnetic Fields in the Home. IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery, 4 (1) (1989), 465-477.
  • [17] Sandström, M., Mild, K. H., Stenberg, B., Wall, S. A. 1993. Survey of Electric and Magnetic Fields among VDT Operators in Offices. IEEE Transaction on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 35- 3(1993), 394-397.
  • [18] Tulgar, T. M. 1998. Experimental and modelling study of electromagnetic pollution in a typical Turkish house, hospital and plant. Master Science Thesis, Istanbul.
  • [19] Tong, Z. 2011. Thinking of Environmental Problems. International Conference on Multimedia Technology, ICMT 2011, July 26-28, Hangzhou, China.
  • [20] Hajdaveric, K., Pattinson, C. 2011. EMF Hot-Spot Creation Avoidance in Office and Home-Office Environments. Proceedings of the 34th International Convention MIPRO, May 23-27, Opatija, Croatia.
  • [21] Fu, T., Chen, Y., Han, L., Qin, Q. 2012. Preliminary Report on the Indoor Electromagnetic Radiation in a Municipality of Western P. R. China: Up-to-now Still within the Range. Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications, 4 (2012), 199-205.
  • [22] El-Marakby, F. 2012. Personal Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields Emitted from Household Electrical Appliances in Alexandria. Bulletin of High Institute of Public Health, 42(2) (2012), 224-234.
  • [23] İbrahim, M., Ozovehe, A., Hamdallah, A. 2013. Risk Assessment of Magnetic Field Pollution in Average Home. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 3(2) (2013), 1126-1130.
  • [24] Redl, R., Tenti, P., Wyk, J.D. 1997. Combatting the Pollution of the Power Distribution Systems by Electronic Equipment. Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 27 February, Atlanta, USA, 42-48.
  • [25] Lee, T.M., Cao, L.J. 1998. Electromagnetic interference on computer monitors caused by currents in riser cables, School of Electric and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
  • [26] Yougang, G., Lifang, Y. 1998. Determination of Dangerous Region of the Electromagnetic Pollution Caused by the Electric Fields Around Power Line. International Conference on Communication Technology, ICCT 1998, October 22-24, Beijing, China.
  • [27] Redl, R. 2001. Electromagnetic Environmental Impact of Power Electronics Equipment. Proceedings of the IEEE, 89 (1), 926-938.
  • [28] Sirav, B., Sezgin, G., Seyhan N. 2014. Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields of Transformers and Possible Biological and Health Effects. Electromagnetics in Biological Medicine, 33 (4), 302-306.
  • [29] Sarıkahya, N.M. 2014. Bir işyerinde elektromanyetik alan ölçümü yapılması ve sonuçlarının iş sağlığı ve güvenliği yönünden değerlendirilmesi. İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Uzmanlık Tezi, T.C. Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı, Ankara.
  • [30] Abbasov, T., Karadağ, T., Karaca, E. 2015. Elektrikli toplu taşıma araçlarında elektromanyetik alanların ölçülmesi ve değerlendirilmesi. Karadeniz Technical University, Technical Report, Turkey. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4805.2567
  • [31] Demircan, Ö.E. 2013. Radyo /TV vericilerinden kaynaklı elektromanyetik alan şiddeti ölçüm sonuçlarının değerlendirilmes: Karadeniz Bölgesi İncelemesi. Bilgi Teknojileri ve İletişim Kurumu, İdari Uzmanlık Tezi, Samsun, Turkey.
  • [32] Hayt, W. H., Jr. 1989. Engineering Electromagnetics. McGraw-Hill, New York.
  • [33] International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), 1998. Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-varying Electric, Magnetic and Electromagnetic Fields (Up to 300 GHz). Health Physics. 41(1998), 449-552.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Fulya Çallıalp Kunter This is me

Şaban Selim Şeker

Publication Date August 11, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 21 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Çallıalp Kunter, F., & Şeker, Ş. S. (2017). Electromagnetic Pollution Assessment in Different Environments with Measurements and Modellings at Very Low Frequency. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21(3), 724-732. https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufbed.10441
AMA Çallıalp Kunter F, Şeker ŞS. Electromagnetic Pollution Assessment in Different Environments with Measurements and Modellings at Very Low Frequency. J. Nat. Appl. Sci. December 2017;21(3):724-732. doi:10.19113/sdufbed.10441
Chicago Çallıalp Kunter, Fulya, and Şaban Selim Şeker. “Electromagnetic Pollution Assessment in Different Environments With Measurements and Modellings at Very Low Frequency”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 21, no. 3 (December 2017): 724-32. https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufbed.10441.
EndNote Çallıalp Kunter F, Şeker ŞS (December 1, 2017) Electromagnetic Pollution Assessment in Different Environments with Measurements and Modellings at Very Low Frequency. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 21 3 724–732.
IEEE F. Çallıalp Kunter and Ş. S. Şeker, “Electromagnetic Pollution Assessment in Different Environments with Measurements and Modellings at Very Low Frequency”, J. Nat. Appl. Sci., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 724–732, 2017, doi: 10.19113/sdufbed.10441.
ISNAD Çallıalp Kunter, Fulya - Şeker, Şaban Selim. “Electromagnetic Pollution Assessment in Different Environments With Measurements and Modellings at Very Low Frequency”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 21/3 (December 2017), 724-732. https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufbed.10441.
JAMA Çallıalp Kunter F, Şeker ŞS. Electromagnetic Pollution Assessment in Different Environments with Measurements and Modellings at Very Low Frequency. J. Nat. Appl. Sci. 2017;21:724–732.
MLA Çallıalp Kunter, Fulya and Şaban Selim Şeker. “Electromagnetic Pollution Assessment in Different Environments With Measurements and Modellings at Very Low Frequency”. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol. 21, no. 3, 2017, pp. 724-32, doi:10.19113/sdufbed.10441.
Vancouver Çallıalp Kunter F, Şeker ŞS. Electromagnetic Pollution Assessment in Different Environments with Measurements and Modellings at Very Low Frequency. J. Nat. Appl. Sci. 2017;21(3):724-32.

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