Analysis of Autoimmune Diseases-Human Gut Microbiota Association Using Transcriptome Data and Omic Tools

Year 2019, Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 20 - 29, 01.04.2019

Tuba Sevimoğlu

https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.449136

Abstract

Recent
advances in omic analyses and the accurate determination of DNA sequencing of genomes
of human-related microbial communities have helped increase the knowledge of
the function and structure of human microbiota in diseased and healthy states.
However there is still not much work done in this regard. In this study,  three important autoimmune diseases,
Psoriasis, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Atopic Dermatitis were selected. Firstly
the transcriptional regulation for these diseases were integrated with
metabolic pathways using omic tools. Secondly the link between human intestinal
microbial species and these diseases were revealed. The results have shown that
there is a mutual group of microbial species among the selected diseases. These
are intensively species of Firmicutes, Deltaproteobacteria,
Bacteriodetes and Actinobacteria
phyla. Another noteworthy aspect of this study is that the microbial species of
the Tenericutes phyla are intensely
present in atopic dermatitis and rheumatoid arthritis but not in psoriasis.
These results display that human gut microbiota has a role in complex autoimmune
diseases. This study showed that not only genes and proteins, but also
metabolites, microbiota and pathogen groups should be examined and analyzed in
detail in order to comprehend the mechanism of a disease.    

Keywords

Autoimmunity, Psoriasis, Atopic dermatitis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Metabolite, Human gut microbiota

Transkriptom Verisi ve Omik Araçları Kullanılarak Otoimmün Hastalıklar ile İnsan Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi

Abstract

İnsan
bağırsak mikrobiyotası ile insan hastalıkları arasındaki ilişkinin
anlamlandırılabilmesi konusunda yapılan çalışmalar yakın zamanda ivme
kazanmıştır. Bunun sebebi insan mikrobiyomunun hastalıklı ve sağlıklı
hallerdeki işlevi ve yapısı hakkında daha çok bilgiye sahip olunması ve
ilişkili mikrobiyal toplulukların genomlarının DNA diziliminin doğru
belirlenmesi şeklinde açıklanabilir. Yine de bu konuda çok fazla çalışma
bulunmamaktadır. Mevcut çalışmada üç önemli otoimmün hastalık olan Psoriazis,
Romatoid Artrit ve Atopik Dermatit’in, omiks araçları ile önce transkripsiyon
regülasyonu metabolik ağa entegre edilmiş daha sonra ise bu hastalıkların insan
bağırsak mikrobiyotası ile arasındaki bağlantı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Elde
edilen sonuçlara göre seçilmiş olan hastalıklar ile ilgili ortak mikrobiyal
türler mevcuttur. Bunlar yoğun olarak Firmicutes,
Deltaproteobacteria, Bacteriodetes ve Actinobacteria
filumundaki türlerdir. Bu çalışmada bir başka dikkat çeken husus ise Tenericutes filumunun mikrobiyal
türlerinin Atopik dermatit ve Romatoid artritte yoğun olarak görüldüğü fakat
Psoriaziste çok fazla çeşitlilik göstermediğidir. Bu sonuçlar insan bağırsak mikrobiyotasının
kompleks otoimmün hastalıklarda bir rolünün olduğunu göstermektedir. Yapılan bu
çalışma bir hastalığın mekanizmasını anlayabilmek için sadece genler ve
proteinler değil bunların yanında metabolitler, mikrobiyota ve patojen
grupların da detaylıca incelenip analiz edilmesi gerektiğini ortaya
koymaktadır.

Keywords

Otoimmünite, Psoriazis, Atopik Dermatit, Romatoid Artrit, Metabolit, İnsan Bağırsak Mikrobiyatası

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