Karasu Nehri Su Kalitesinin Farklı Su Kalitesi İndeksleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 488 - 497, 25.08.2019

Alper Alver , Emine Baştürk

https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.528611

Cited By: 7

Abstract

Yağışların
azaldığı, tarımsal ve endüstriyel faaliyetlerin giderek arttığı İç Anadolu
bölgesinde, su kaynaklarının üzerindeki baskıda her geçen gün artmaktadır. Biyolojik
ihtiyaçlar, entegre çevre yönetimi ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri için su
kaynaklarının kalitesi ve miktarı önemlidir. Su kalitesini etkileyen birçok
parametrenin aynı anda yorumlanarak su kalitesinin belirlenmesi hem karmaşık
hem maliyetli hem de uzun zaman almaktadır. Bu sebeple su kalitesinin daha
anlaşılabilir bir şekilde yorumlanmasını sağlayan su kalite indeksi modelleri
kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Aksaray İlinin önemli içme su kaynaklarından
biri olan Karasu Nehri’nin su kalitesi Aralık 2015 ve Kasım 2016 tarihleri
arasında bir yıl süreyle izlenilmiş olup nehrin genel su kalitesi 3 farklı su
kalite indeksi modeli ile değerlendirilmiştir. İçme suyu elde
edilen veya elde edilmesi planlanan yüzeysel suların kalitesine dair yönetmeliğe
göre NH₄-N, BOİ₅, Co, fekal koliform, Ba, Cu, Zn ve
çözünmüş oksijen parametrelerinin sınır değerlerini aştığı ve suyun kalitesini
etkileyen ana parametreler olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca su kaynağının yüzey su kalite
sınıfının NO₂, B, Cd ve Zn parametrelerine bağlı olarak “IV” olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. Uygulanan model sonuçlarına göre ise Karasu Nehri’nin
su kalitesi, Ulusal Sanitasyon Vakfı Su Kalite İndeksine (USV SKİ) göre “orta”,
Kanada Çevre Bakanlığı Konseyi Su Kalite İndeksine (KÇBK SKİ) göre “kötü” ve
Oregon Su Kalite İndeksine (O SKİ) göre de “kötü” seviyede olarak tespit
edilmiştir.

Keywords

Karasu nehri, Su kalite indeksi, İzleme, Ulusal Sanitasyon Vakfı, Kanada Çevre Bakanlığı Konseyi, Oregon

Evaluation of Karasu River Water Quality in Terms of Different Water Quality Indexes

Abstract

In the
Central Anatolia region where precipitation decreases and agricultural and
industrial activities are increasing, the pressure on water resources is
increasing day by day. The quality and quantity of water resources are
important for biological needs, integrated environmental management and
sustainable development goals. It is both complicated and costly to determine
the water quality by interpreting many parameters affecting water quality at
the same time. For this reason, water quality index models are used to provide
a better understanding of the water quality. In this study, the water quality
of Karasu River, which is one of the important drinking water resources of
Aksaray Province, was monitored between December 2015 and November 2016 for one
year and the overall water quality of the river was evaluated with 3 different
water quality index models. It was determined that NH₄-N, BOD₅,
Co, fecal coliform, Ba, Cu, Zn and dissolved oxygen parameters exceed the limit
values of the regulation of drinking water obtained or planned surface water
quality and the main parameters affecting the quality of water. In
addition, the surface water quality class of water source was determined to be
“IV” depending on NO₂, B, Cd and Zn parameters. According
to the model results, the water quality of the Karasu River was “moderate”
according to the National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index, “bad” according
to the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, and “bad” according to
the Oregon Water Quality Index.

Keywords

Karasu river, Water quality index, Monitoring, National Sanitation Foundation, Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Oregon

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