GENETİK TESTLER VE BUNUN İNSAN HAKLARI HUKUKUNUN BAZI ALANLARINA OLAN ETKİLERİ

Year 2011, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 209 - 221, 05.08.2016

Mehmet Ali Zengin

Abstract

Biyomedical alanda yaşanan yeni gelişmeler insan hakları hukuku alanında önemli çıkmazları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu yeni çıkmazlar biyoteknolojideki yeni gelişmelerin yansımaları olarak dünya genelinde pek çok tartışamaya neden olmuştur. Bu noktada geneleksel insan hakları konseptinin bundan sonra aynı olmayacağı ve konunun farklı argümanlarla tekrar ele alınması gerekeceği ifade edilebilir. Örneğin işyerinde gerçekleştirilen ve ayrımcılığa yol açan gentetik test uygulamaları konusunda yeni çözünler bulmak gerekecektir. Buna göre, klonlamanın bilim tarafından mümkün kılmasının ardından insan hakları hukuku alanında kişinin genetik kökenini bilmesi hakkı ya da genetik gizlilik hakkı gibi yeni tür insan hakları ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Böylece yeni gelişmeler “biyo insan hakları” olarak adlandırılabilen yeni bir kavramı beraberinde getirmektedir. Bununla birlikte, son biyomedical yenilikler üreme alanındaki gelişmelerin yanı sıra fetusların da dizayn edilebileceği yeni yöntemlere sahiptir. Genetik teknolojideki bu hızlı ilerlemenin ardından insan DNA’larının toplanması ve analizi konusu da bu gelişmelerden payını almıştır. Bugün, doku, kan ve vücut sıvısı örneklerinin kullanılmasıyla kişinin mevcut ve gelecekteki sağlık durumuna ilişkin bilgilere ulaşılabilmektedir. Diğer yandan genetik bilgilerin özel durumu ve bunların ayrımcılığa yol açma tehlikesi büyük endişeye neden olmaktadır. Özellikle, genetik gizlilik, gen tastleri sonucunda ortaya çıkan bilgilere yetksiz üçüncü kişilerin ulaşması riski altındadır. Bu nedenle, bu tarz problemlerin çözümü yeni nesil hukuk kurallarıyla olacaktır

Keywords

Genetik Test, Biyotıp, Biyo İnsan Hakları, Genetik Araştırmalar, Ayrımcılık

GENETIC TESTS AND ITS IMPACTS ON SOME FIELDS OF HUMAN RIGHTS LAW

Abstract

Recent developments in biomedicine caused considerable conversion in the area of human rights law. This new dilemmas gave rise to many discussions all around the world as reflections of these developmets on the biomedical technology. On this point, we can mention that hereafter traditional human rights concept will not be same and it will be required to reconsidering this issue with different arguments. To illustrate, because of the genetic tests carry out in workplace we will need to find new solutions about the implements which leads to discirimination. According to this, after the possibility of human cloning by science, new varieties of human rights commenced to emerge in the human rights law like right to genetic privacy or right to know ones genetic origin. Thus, recent developments bring a new concept that can be named as a “biohuman rights”. With this way, we can provide a better protection against all violations that head toward to human health safety or homo sapien. Nevertheless, recent innovations in biomedical area have new methods on designing fetuses as well as developments about human reproduction. In the wake of rapid progress in genetics technologies, collecting and analyzing of human DNAs receive its share form these innovasions. Today, informations about an individual’s present and future health can be reached with using small samples of tissue, blood or other body fluids. On the other hand, the special character of such genetic information and the potential risk to lead discrimination have caused great anixiety. In particular, privacy is under risk that unauthorized third ones can reach the informations produced by genetic tests. Therefore, these kind of problems will be untangled with new generation law rules

Keywords

Genetic Tests, Biomedicine, Biohuman Rights, Genetic Researches, Discrimination

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