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WORKPLACE VIOLENCE IN HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATIONS AND EVALUATION OF “CODE WHITE” APPLICATION IN DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY APPLICATION AND RESEARCH HOSPITAL

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 383 - 399, 30.04.2018

Nevzat Devebakan

Öz

Workplace violence continues to be a critical issue in health care organizations. Violence in healthcare organizations negatively affects employees' motivation, productivity and quality of working life. A code white application provides legal assistance to health workers who have suffered workplace violence. The aims of this study investigate workplace violence against the healthcare workers at Dokuz Eylul University Application and Research Hospital in Izmir -Turkey and analyze it by related variables. Samples consisted of 88 male, 72 female and totally 160 healthcare organization workers who were reported between 2015 and 2017 in 160 violence cases. The SPSS 23 program was used for data analysis. The findings have shown that 86.9% of the employees were exposed to verbal abuse, 13.1% were physical abuse, 57.5% were threatened and 74.4% were subjected to swearing. The findings also have shown that emergency departments are exposed to more verbal abuse than other departments, “waiting time” led to more verbal abuse than other violence factors and “non- legal patients’ requests” led to more physical violence, female perpetrators led to more verbal abuse and male perpetrators led to more physical violence.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Health Care Organizations Workplace Violence Code White

Kaynakça

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  • AL-OMARI, H. (2015). Physical and Verbal Workplace Violence Against Nurses in Jordan, International Nursing Review, 62, 111–118.
  • ANNAGÜR, B. (2010). Sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddet: risk faktörleri, etkileri, değerlendirilmesi ve önlenmesi, Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 2, 161-173.
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  • BARBER, C., DAGUE, R., MCLAUGHLIN, T., MULLEN, E., SCOTT, J. (2017). Horizontal Violence Among Nursing Students in the Clinical Setting, Proceedings of The National Conference On Undergraduate Research (NCUR), University of Memphis, TN, 1167-1173.
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  • ÇAMCI, O., KUTLU, Y. (2011). Kocaeli’nde Sağlık Çalışanlarına Yönelik İşyeri Şiddetinin Belirlenmesi, Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi , 2(1), 9-16.
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SAĞLIK KURUMLARINDA İŞYERİ ŞİDDETİ VE DOKUZ EYLÜL ÜNİVERSİTESİ UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA HASTANESİ’NDE BEYAZ KOD BAŞVURULARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 383 - 399, 30.04.2018

Nevzat Devebakan

Öz

Sağlık kurumlarında işyeri şiddeti kritik bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Sağlık kurumlarında şiddet çalışanların motivasyonunu, verimliliğini ve çalışma yaşamı kalitesini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Beyaz kod uygulaması işyeri şiddetine uğramış sağlık çalışanlarına hukuki yardım sağlamak için oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı İzmir’de bulunan Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hastanesi Uygulama ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nde Beyaz Kod bildirimi yapılmış şiddet vakalarını araştırmak ve söz konusu işyeri şiddetini ilişkili değişkenler açısından analiz etmektir. Araştırmada 2015-2017 yılları arasında bildirimi yapılmış 160 şiddet vakasındaki 88 erkek ve 72 kadın sağlık çalışanı tam sayım yöntemiyle araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Veri analizinde SPSS 23 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, çalışanların %86,9 oranında sözel şiddete, %13,1 oranında fiziksel şiddete, %57,5 oranında tehdide ve %71,3 oranında küfre maruz kaldıkları göstermektedir. Araştırma bulguları ayrıca; acil servislerinde sözel şiddetin daha fazla meydana geldiğine, “bekleme süresi” faktörünün diğer faktörlere göre daha fazla sözel şiddete, “yasal/uygun olmayan hasta isteklerinin” daha fazla fiziksel şiddete neden olduğuna, kadın saldırganların daha fazla sözel şiddete ve erkek saldırganların daha fazla fiziksel şiddete neden olduklarına işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sağlık Kurumları İşyeri Şiddeti Beyaz Kod

Kaynakça

  • ABDELLAH, R. F., SALAMA, K. M. (2017). Prevalence and risk factors of workplace violence against health care workers in emergency department in Ismailia, Egypt. Pan African medical journal, 26(1), 1-8.
  • ABOU-ELWAFA, H. S., EL-GILANY, A. H., ABD-EL-RAOUF, S. E., ABD-ELMOUTY, S. M., EL-SAYED HASSAN EL-SAYED, R. (2015). Workplace violence against emergency versus non-emergency nurses in Mansoura university hospitals, Egypt. Journal of interpersonal violence, 30(5), 857-872.
  • ACIK, Y., DEVECI, S. E., GUNES, G., GULBAYRAK, C., DABAK, S., SAKA, G., VURAL, G., CAN, G., BILGIN, N.G., DUNDAR, P.E., ERGUDER, T., TOKDEMIR, M. (2008). Experience of workplace violence during medical speciality training in Turkey, Occupational medicine, 58(5), 361-366.
  • AKÇA, N., YILMAZ, A., IŞIK, O (2014). Sağlık Çalışanlarına Uygulanan Şiddet: Özel Bir Tıp Merkezi Örneği, Ankara Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi, 13(1), 1-11.
  • ALBASHTAWY, M. (2016). Emergency nurses' perspective of workplace violence in Jordanian hospitals: A national survey. International emergency nursing, 24, 61-65.
  • AL-OMARI, H. (2015). Physical and Verbal Workplace Violence Against Nurses in Jordan, International Nursing Review, 62, 111–118.
  • ANNAGÜR, B. (2010). Sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddet: risk faktörleri, etkileri, değerlendirilmesi ve önlenmesi, Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 2, 161-173.
  • ARZU BAHAR, SİMGE ŞAHİN, ZEHRA AKKAYA, MUHAMMED ALKAYİŞ (2015). Acil Serviste Çalışan Hemşirelerin Şiddete Maruz Kalma Durumu ve İş Doyumuna Etkili Olan Faktörlerin İncelenmesi, Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 6(2):57–64
  • AVCI, N., ARSLAN, M.K., TİMLİOĞLU, S.İ., TAY, S., MERİÇ, K., ERTENÜ, M., YEKELER, İ. (2015). 2012-2015 Yılları arasında Haydarpaşa Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’ndeki Beyaz kod bildirimleri, Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi, 2(4), 211-214.
  • AYRANCI, U., YENILMEZ, C., BALCI,Y., KAPTANOGLU, C. (2006). Identification of Violence in Turkish Health Care Settings, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 21(2), 276-296.
  • BARBER, C., DAGUE, R., MCLAUGHLIN, T., MULLEN, E., SCOTT, J. (2017). Horizontal Violence Among Nursing Students in the Clinical Setting, Proceedings of The National Conference On Undergraduate Research (NCUR), University of Memphis, TN, 1167-1173.
  • BAŞAK, B; ÇETIN, M; ORAY, N.Ç; CAN, I.Ö (2017). “Workplace violence against physicians in Turkey’s emergency departments: a cross-sectional survey, BMJ Open; 7:e013568. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013568.
  • BIGHAM, B.L., JENSEN, J.J., TAVARES, W., DRENNAN, I.R., SALEEM, H., DAINTY, K.N., MUNRO, G. (2014). Paramedic Self-Reported Exposure to Violence in The Emergency Medical Services (Ems) Workplace: Mixed-Methods Cross-Sectional Survey, Prehospital Emergency Care, 18(4), 489-494.
  • BIÇIKÇI, F (2013). Sağlık Çalışanlarına Yönelik Şiddet ve Neden Olan Faktörler: Bir Devlet Hastanesi Örneği, Sağlıkta Performans ve Kalite Dergisi, 5 (1), 43-56.
  • BİLİŞLİ, Y., HIZAY, D (2016). Sağlık Çalışanlarına Yönelik İşyerinde Şiddet: Üniversite Hastanesi Örneği, International Journal of Social Science, 52, 473-486.
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  • CARMI-ILUZ, T., PELEG, R., FREUD, T., SHVARTZMAN, P. (2005). Verbal and physical violence towards hospital-and community-based physicians in the Negev: an observational study, BMC Health Services Research, 5(54), 1-6.
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  • EMAM, G. H., ALIMOHAMMADI, H., SADRABAD, A. Z., HATAMABADI, H. (2018). Workplace Violence against Residents in Emergency Department and Reasons for not Reporting Them; a Cross Sectional Study, Emergency, 6(1), 1-7.
  • FATMA, B. (2013). SAĞLIK Çalışanlarına Yönelik Şiddet ve Neden Olan Faktörler: Bir Devlet Hastanesi Örneği, Sağlıkta Performans ve Kalite Dergisi, 5, 43-56.
  • HAMDAN, M (2015). Workplace violence towards workers in the emergency departments of Palestinian hospitals: a cross-sectional study, Human resources for health, 13(1), 28.
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  • HOBBS. F.D. (1991). Violence In General Practice: A Survey of General Practitioners' Views, British Medical Journal, Vol. 302, No. 6772, pp.329-332.
  • JANOCHA, J.A., SMITH, R.T.(2010). Workplace safety and health in the health care and social assistance industry, 2003-07 US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Washington, DC, www.bls. gov/opub/mlr/cwc/workplace-safety-and-health-in-the-health-care-and-social-assistance-industry-2003-07.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 12.03.2018.
  • KASAI, Y., MIZUNO, T., SAKAKIBARA, T., THU, S., KYAW, T.A., HTUN, K. A. (2018). A survey of workplace violence against physicians in the hospitals, Myanmar. BMC research notes, 11(1), 133.
  • KAYA, A., KARADAYİ, B., KOLUSAYİN, M. Ö., ASLAN, N. A., ORAL, G. (2014). Violence in the health sector and its properties: A questionnaire toward physician working in the emergency departments, Journal of Academic Emergency Medicine, 13(3), 124.
  • KAYA, S., DEMIR, I. B., KARSAVURAN, S., ÜREK, D., İLGÜN, G. (2016). Violence against doctors and nurses in hospitals in Turkey, Journal of Forensic Nursing, 12(1), 26-34.
  • KHOSHKNAB, M.F., OSKOUIE, F., NAJAFI, F., GHAZANFARI, N., TAMIZI, Z., AHMADVAND, H. (2015). “Psychological Violence in the Health Care Settings in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study”, Nurs Midwifery Stud. 4(1):e243202, 1-6.
  • KINGMA, M. (2001). Workplace Violence in the Health Sector: A Problem of Epidemic Proportion, International Nursing Review, 48, 129-130.
  • LANCTÔT, N., GUAY, S. (2014). “The aftermath of workplace violence among healthcare workers: A systematic literature review of the consequences. Aggression and Violent Behavior”, 19(5), 492–501.
  • MCPHAUL, K. M., LIPSCOMB, J. A, (2004), Workplace violence in health care: recognized but not regulated, Online journal of Issues in Nursing, 9(3). 168 –185.
  • MİLET, M., YANIK, A. (2017). Sağlık Çalışanlarına Karşı İşyeri Şiddeti, Uluslararası Sağlık Yönetimi ve Stratejileri Araştırma Dergisi, 3(2): 199-210.
  • MITTAL, S., GARG, S. (2017). Violence against doctors--an overview, Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 6(33), 2748-2752.
  • MOSTAFAVIAN, Z., FARAJPOUR, A., RAISOLSADAT, S. M. (2018). Prevalence of Violence against Nurses and Some Relevant Factors in the Hospitals Affiliated with Islamic Azad University of Mashhad: Frequency of Violence against Nurses, Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science, 6(1), 219-225.
  • İLHAN, M.N, ÖZKAN, S., KURTCEBE, Z.Ö., AKSAKAL, F.N. (2009). Gazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesinde Çalışan Araştırma Görevlileri ve Intörn Doktorlarda Şiddete Maruziyet ve Şiddetle İlişkili Etmenler, Toplum Hekimliği Bülteni, 28(3),15-23.
  • ÖLMEZOGLU, Z.B., VATANSEVER, K., ERGÖR, A. (1999). İzmir Metropol Alanı 112 Çalışanlarında Şiddet Maruziyetinin Değerlendirilmesi, Toplum ve Hekim, 14(6), 420-425.
  • ÖZCAN, N.K (2011). Türkiye’de sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddet: Sistematik derleme. Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi, 31: 1442-1456.
  • PAK,M.D., ÖZCAN, E., ÇOBAN, A.İ. (2017). Acil Servis Çalışanlarının İkincil Travmatik Stres Düzeyi ve Psikolojik Dayanıklılığı, Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 10(52), 628-644.
  • PANDEY, M., BHANDARI, T. R., DANGAL, G. (2018). Workplace Violence and its Associated Factors among Nurses. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, 15(3), 235-241.
  • PINAR, T., ACIKEL, C., PINAR, G., KARABULUT, E., SAYGUN, M., BARISKIN, E., TEE L. GUIDOTTI, T.L., AKDUR, R, SABUNCUOĞLU, H, BODUR, S., EĞRI, M., BAKIR, B. AÇIKGÖZ, E.M., ATÇEKEN, İ., CENGIZ, M. (2015). Workplace violence in the health sector in Turkey: A national study, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Advance online publication. doi:0886260515591976.
  • CENGİZ, M. (2015). Workplace violence in the health sector in Turkey: A national study, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, Advance online publication. doi:0886260515591976
  • POURYAGHOUB, G., MEHRDAD, R., ALIREZAEI, P. (2017). Workplace violence in medical specialty training settings in Iran: a cross-sectional study. International journal of occupational hygiene, 9(1), 15-20.
  • RAFEEA, F., ANSARI A.A., ABBAS, M.M., ELMUSHARAF, K, ZEID, M.S. (2017). Violence toward health workers in Bahrain Defense Force Royal Medical Services’ emergency department”, Open Access, Emergency Medicine, 9, 113–121.
  • RAMACCIATIA, N; CECCAGNOLIB, A; ADDEYB, B; RASEROA, L (2018). Violence towards Emergency Nurses. The Italian National Survey 2016: A qualitative study, International Journal of Nursing Studies, 81, 21–29.
  • ŞAHİN, B., GAYGISIZ, Ş., BALCI, F.F., ÖZTÜRK, D., SÖNMEZ, M.B., KAVALCI, C. (2011). Yardımcı Acil Sağlık Personeline Yönelik Şiddet, Türkiye Acil Tıp Dergisi, 11, 110-114.
  • SALIN, D. (2003), Ways of explaining workplace bullying: A review of enabling, motivating and precipitating structures and processes in the work environment, Human Relations, 56(10), 1213–1232.
  • SERT, İ (2014). Sağlıkta Şiddet, Nedenleri ve Çözüm Önerileri, http://sahipkiran.org/2014/03/14/saglikta-siddet/#prettyphoto/0/, 16.03.2018
  • SHAHZAD, A., MALIK, R.K. (2014). Workplace Violence: An Extensive Issue for Nurses in Pakistan: A Qualitative Investigation, Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29(11), 2021– 2034.
  • SHEA, T., SHEEHAN, C., DONOHUE, R., COOPER, B., CİERİ, H. (2017). Occupational violence and aggression experienced by nursing and caring professionals. Journal of nursing scholarship, 49(2), 236-243.
  • SHEN, H. C., CHENG, Y., TSAİ, P. J., GUO, Y. L. (2005). Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan, Journal of Occupational Health, 47(3), 218-225.
  • SISAWO, E. J., OUÉDRAOGO, S. Y. Y. A., HUANG, S. L. (2017). Workplace violence against nurses in the Gambia: mixed methods design. BMC Health Services Research, 17(1), 311.
  • SPECTOR, P. E., ZHOU, Z. E., CHE, X. X. (2014). Nurse exposure to physical and nonphysical violence, bullying, and sexual harassment: a quantitative review, International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51(1), 72-84.
  • SUN, P., ZHANG, X., SUN, Y., MA, H., JIAO, M., XING, K., KANG, Z., NING, N., FU, Y., WU, Q., YIN, M. (2017). Workplace Violence against Health Care Workers in North Chinese Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Survey, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14, 96, doi:10.3390/ijerph14010096.
  • SUN, T., GAO, L., LI, F., SHI, Y., XIE, F., WANG, J., WANG, S., ZHANG, S., LIU, W., DUAN, X., LIU, X., ZHANG, Z. LI, L., FAN, L (2017). Workplace violence, psychological stress, sleep quality and subjective health in Chinese doctors: a large cross-sectional study, BMJ Open ;7:e017182. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017182.
  • TAYLOR, D. (2000). Student Preparation in Managing Violence and Agression, Nursing Standard, 14, 39-41.
  • TEL, H. (2002). Gizli Sağlık Sorunu: Ev İçi Şiddet ve Hemşirelik Yaklaşımları, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksek Okulu Dergisi, 6(2), 1-9.
  • VARTIA, M. (2003), Workplace Bullying- A Study on the Work Environment, Well-being and Health, People and Work Research Reports 56, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki.
  • VEZYRIDIS, P., SAMOUTIS, A., & MAVRIKIOU, P. M. (2015). Workplace violence against clinicians in Cypriot emergency departments: a national questionnaire survey. Journal of clinical nursing, 24(9-10), 1210-1222.
  • WHO (1996). Prevention of violence: a public health priority , WHA49.25, http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/resources/publications/en/WHA4925_eng.pdf, 22.02.2018.
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  • YAŞAR, Z. F., DURUKAN, E., BÜKEN, E. (2017). A university hospital patients and their relatives’ opinions on violence in health, Romanian Society of Legal Medicine, 25, 65-69.
  • YAŞAR, Z.F., DURUKAN, E., HALIBEYOĞLU, B., ERDEMIR, I., YÖNEY, E.B., KANAT, A.C., ASLAN, Ö.D (2016). Sağlık Çalışanlarında Şiddet, Nedenler, Tutumlar, Davranışlar, Adli Tıp Dergisi, 30(2), 143-152.
  • ZAHRA, A.N., FENG, J.Y (2017). Workplace violence against nurses in Indonesian emergency departments, Enfermeria Clinica, 27, 184-190.
Toplam 77 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Nevzat Devebakan Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-8444-7066

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Devebakan, N. (2018). SAĞLIK KURUMLARINDA İŞYERİ ŞİDDETİ VE DOKUZ EYLÜL ÜNİVERSİTESİ UYGULAMA VE ARAŞTIRMA HASTANESİ’NDE BEYAZ KOD BAŞVURULARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(2), 383-399.
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