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COMPLEXITY THEORY AND APPLICATION IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: DIGITAL MODELING AND SIMULATION OF YALOVA CITY TRANSPORTATION SERVICES

Year 2017, Volume: 22 Issue: Kayfor 15 Özel Sayısı, 1707 - 1726, 30.12.2017

Abstract

"Complexity Theory" is very significant among the scientific methods and approaches in the analysis and improvement processes of public administration and policies in recent years. Complexity theory and methods offer some solutions for the search for new solutions to the increasingly complex nature of increasing social and global phenomena with the enforcement and contribution of current realities such as scientific developments, rapidly increasing population, technology and transportation. Complexity theory also provides opportunities for successful analysis of social life by including social phenomena and relations in the definition of "Complex Systems" in the natural sciences. Social Network Analysis (SNA) and Agent Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) are among the most frequently used methods of complexity researchers. In this research, the complexity theory is analyzed by the ANYLOGIC package program, an application of the ABMS method of research to public administration, in the case of the urban transportation services of Yalova Municipality. The research seeks to illustrate the utility of the ABMS method in public administration decision processes, rather than a stand-alone solution proposal.

References

  • ALLEN, P., MAGUIRE, S. & MCKELVEY, B. (2011) The SAGE Handbook of Complexity and Management. SAGE Publications, London.
  • AYHAN, E. & ÖNDER, M. (2017) “Yeni Kamu Hizmeti Yaklaşımı: Yönetişime Açılan Bir Kapı.” Gazi İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 3 (2): 19-48.
  • BORSHCHEV, A. (2014) “The Big Book of Simulation Modeling: Multimethod Modeling with Anylogic 6.” Anylogic North America.
  • CASTELLANI, B. (2017) Map of Complexity Sciences. http://www.art-sciencefactory.com/complexity-map_feb09.html, Erişim Tarihi: 23.10.2017.
  • COMIM, F. (2000) “The Santa Fe Approach to Complexity: a Marshallian Evaluation”. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 11: 25-43
  • FONTANA, M. & TERNA, P. (2014) “From Agent Based Models to Network Analysis (and Return): The Policy Making Perspective”. Policy and Complex Systems, Volume 1, Number 2, Fall.
  • GILBERT, N. (2008) Agent Based Models: Quantitative Application in the Social Sciences. Sage Publications, Londra.
  • GRIGORYEV, I. (2016) AnyLogic 7 in Three Days: A Quick Course in Simulation Modeling. ISBN-13: 978-1508933748
  • Guillen, M. F. (1996) “Yeni Yönetim Eğilimleri ve Örgütsel Modellerin Evrimi.” (Çeviri: Murat Önder), Verimlilik Dergisi, 25: 4: 7-20.
  • GÜRSAKAL, N. (2007) Sosyal Bilimler Karmaşıklık ve Kaos, Nobel, Ankara.
  • HOLLAND, J. H. (2014) Complexity: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press.
  • HOLLAND, J. H. (1995) Hidden Order, How Adaptation Builds Complexity. Helix Books.
  • KENT STATE UNIVERSITY (2017) Castellani Complexity Map, (Erişim Tarihi: 11.7.2017), http://www.art-sciencefactory.com/complexity-map_feb09.html.
  • KÖYLÜ, M. (2006) Halkın Kamu Yönetimine Güveni Araştırması, Kocaeli Örneği. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • MORÇÖL, G. (2014) “Karmaşıklık Kuramı ve Kamu Politikaları,” içinde Kamu Politikası: Kuram ve Uygulama, Der. YILDIZ, M. & SOBACI, M. Z. Ankara: Adres Yayınları.
  • MORÇÖL, G. (2012) A Complexity Theory for Public Policy. Routledge, Taylor & Francis.
  • MORÇÖL, G. & DENNARD, L. F. (2000) New Sciences for Public Administration and Policy, Connections and Reflections, Chatelaine Press Burke VA.
  • MITCHELL, M. (2009) Complexity, A Guided Tour, Oxford University Press.
  • OSBORNE, S. (ed.) (2010) The New Public Governance: Emerging Perspectives on the Theory and Practice of Public Governance. Routledge Taylor and Francis.
  • ÖNDER, M. & BROWER, R. (2013) “Public Administration Theory, Research, and Teaching: How Does Turkish Public Administration Differ?” Journal of Public Affairs and Education, 19: 1.
  • ONDER, M. & BROWER, R. (2004) “Nonprofit Lifecycles: Stage-Based Wisdom for Nonprofit Capacity”. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 33:1, (171-175).
  • ÖZTAŞ, N. (2015) Örgüt, Örgüt ve Yönetim Kuramları (II), Otorite Yayınları.
  • PRIETULA, M.J. (2011) “Thoughts on Complexity and Computational Models”. İçinde The SAGE Handbook of Complexity and Management, Der. ALLEN, P., MAGUIRE, S. & MCKELVEY, B., s. 93-110, Sage Publications, London.
  • PRIGOGINE, I & STENGERS, I. (1984) Order Out of Chaos, Man’s New Dialog with Nature. Bantam Books.
  • RHODES, M.L. vd. (2011) Public Management and Complexity Theory: Richer Decision Making in Public Administration. Routledge Taylor and Francis.
  • SAYGAN, S. (2014) “Örgüt Biliminde Karmaşıklık Teorisi.” Ege Akademik Bakış. Cilt: 14, Sayı: 3, Temmuz, s. 413-423.
  • TAYLOR, S.J. (ed.) (2014) Agent Based Modeling and Simulation. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • WILENSKY, U. & RAND, W. (2015) An Introduction to Agent Based Modeling: Modeling Natural, Social and Engineered Complex Systems with Netlogo. The MIT Press.
  • WILLIAM, G. vd. (2015) “Computational Modeling of Coregiver Stress”. Policy and Complex Systems, Volume 2 Number 1, September 2015.
  • WINCH, P. (2012) Social Networks Diffusion of Innovation. Health Behavior Change at the Individual, Household and Community Levels. http://ocw.jhsph.edu/courses/healthbehaviorchange/PDFs/C07_2011.pdf

KARMAŞIKLIK KURAMI VE KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE UYGULANMASI: YALOVA KENT İÇİ ULAŞIM HİZMETLERİNİN DİJİTAL MODELLEME VE SİMÜLASYONU

Year 2017, Volume: 22 Issue: Kayfor 15 Özel Sayısı, 1707 - 1726, 30.12.2017

Abstract

Kamu yönetimi ve politikalarının analiz ve iyileştirme süreçlerinde son yıllardaki bilimsel yöntem ve yaklaşımlar arasında “Karmaşıklık Kuramı” (Complexity Theory) oldukça belirgin bir yer tutmaktadır. Bilimsel gelişmeler, nüfus, teknoloji ve ulaşım gibi güncel gerçekliklerin zorlaması ve katkısı ile artan toplumsal ve küresel olguların giderek karmaşıklaşan doğasına yönelik yeni çözüm arayışlarına, karmaşıklık kuramı ve yöntemleri bazı öneriler sunmaktadır. Karmaşıklık kuramı doğa bilimlerindeki “Karmaşık Sistemler” tanımlamasına toplumsal olgu ve ilişkileri de dâhil ederek başarılı analiz imkânları da sunmaktadır. Sosyal Ağ Analizi – SAA (SNA-Social Network Analysis) ve Etmen Temelli Modelleme ve Simülasyon - ETMS (ABMS, Agent Based Modeling and Simulation) karmaşıklık araştırmacılarının en sık kullandığı yöntemler arasındadır. Bu araştırmada, karmaşıklık kuramı ETMS araştırma yönteminin kamu yönetimi alanına yönelik bir uygulaması olarak Yalova Belediyesinin kent içi ulaşım hizmetleri örneğinde “ANYLOGIC” paket programı ile analiz edilmektedir. Araştırma, tek başına bir çözüm önerisi yerine, kamu yönetimi karar süreçlerinde ETMS yönteminin kullanılabilirliğini örneklemeyi hedeflemektedir.

References

  • ALLEN, P., MAGUIRE, S. & MCKELVEY, B. (2011) The SAGE Handbook of Complexity and Management. SAGE Publications, London.
  • AYHAN, E. & ÖNDER, M. (2017) “Yeni Kamu Hizmeti Yaklaşımı: Yönetişime Açılan Bir Kapı.” Gazi İktisat ve İşletme Dergisi, 3 (2): 19-48.
  • BORSHCHEV, A. (2014) “The Big Book of Simulation Modeling: Multimethod Modeling with Anylogic 6.” Anylogic North America.
  • CASTELLANI, B. (2017) Map of Complexity Sciences. http://www.art-sciencefactory.com/complexity-map_feb09.html, Erişim Tarihi: 23.10.2017.
  • COMIM, F. (2000) “The Santa Fe Approach to Complexity: a Marshallian Evaluation”. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 11: 25-43
  • FONTANA, M. & TERNA, P. (2014) “From Agent Based Models to Network Analysis (and Return): The Policy Making Perspective”. Policy and Complex Systems, Volume 1, Number 2, Fall.
  • GILBERT, N. (2008) Agent Based Models: Quantitative Application in the Social Sciences. Sage Publications, Londra.
  • GRIGORYEV, I. (2016) AnyLogic 7 in Three Days: A Quick Course in Simulation Modeling. ISBN-13: 978-1508933748
  • Guillen, M. F. (1996) “Yeni Yönetim Eğilimleri ve Örgütsel Modellerin Evrimi.” (Çeviri: Murat Önder), Verimlilik Dergisi, 25: 4: 7-20.
  • GÜRSAKAL, N. (2007) Sosyal Bilimler Karmaşıklık ve Kaos, Nobel, Ankara.
  • HOLLAND, J. H. (2014) Complexity: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press.
  • HOLLAND, J. H. (1995) Hidden Order, How Adaptation Builds Complexity. Helix Books.
  • KENT STATE UNIVERSITY (2017) Castellani Complexity Map, (Erişim Tarihi: 11.7.2017), http://www.art-sciencefactory.com/complexity-map_feb09.html.
  • KÖYLÜ, M. (2006) Halkın Kamu Yönetimine Güveni Araştırması, Kocaeli Örneği. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • MORÇÖL, G. (2014) “Karmaşıklık Kuramı ve Kamu Politikaları,” içinde Kamu Politikası: Kuram ve Uygulama, Der. YILDIZ, M. & SOBACI, M. Z. Ankara: Adres Yayınları.
  • MORÇÖL, G. (2012) A Complexity Theory for Public Policy. Routledge, Taylor & Francis.
  • MORÇÖL, G. & DENNARD, L. F. (2000) New Sciences for Public Administration and Policy, Connections and Reflections, Chatelaine Press Burke VA.
  • MITCHELL, M. (2009) Complexity, A Guided Tour, Oxford University Press.
  • OSBORNE, S. (ed.) (2010) The New Public Governance: Emerging Perspectives on the Theory and Practice of Public Governance. Routledge Taylor and Francis.
  • ÖNDER, M. & BROWER, R. (2013) “Public Administration Theory, Research, and Teaching: How Does Turkish Public Administration Differ?” Journal of Public Affairs and Education, 19: 1.
  • ONDER, M. & BROWER, R. (2004) “Nonprofit Lifecycles: Stage-Based Wisdom for Nonprofit Capacity”. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 33:1, (171-175).
  • ÖZTAŞ, N. (2015) Örgüt, Örgüt ve Yönetim Kuramları (II), Otorite Yayınları.
  • PRIETULA, M.J. (2011) “Thoughts on Complexity and Computational Models”. İçinde The SAGE Handbook of Complexity and Management, Der. ALLEN, P., MAGUIRE, S. & MCKELVEY, B., s. 93-110, Sage Publications, London.
  • PRIGOGINE, I & STENGERS, I. (1984) Order Out of Chaos, Man’s New Dialog with Nature. Bantam Books.
  • RHODES, M.L. vd. (2011) Public Management and Complexity Theory: Richer Decision Making in Public Administration. Routledge Taylor and Francis.
  • SAYGAN, S. (2014) “Örgüt Biliminde Karmaşıklık Teorisi.” Ege Akademik Bakış. Cilt: 14, Sayı: 3, Temmuz, s. 413-423.
  • TAYLOR, S.J. (ed.) (2014) Agent Based Modeling and Simulation. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • WILENSKY, U. & RAND, W. (2015) An Introduction to Agent Based Modeling: Modeling Natural, Social and Engineered Complex Systems with Netlogo. The MIT Press.
  • WILLIAM, G. vd. (2015) “Computational Modeling of Coregiver Stress”. Policy and Complex Systems, Volume 2 Number 1, September 2015.
  • WINCH, P. (2012) Social Networks Diffusion of Innovation. Health Behavior Change at the Individual, Household and Community Levels. http://ocw.jhsph.edu/courses/healthbehaviorchange/PDFs/C07_2011.pdf
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Murat Köylü This is me

Murat Önder This is me

Publication Date December 30, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 22 Issue: Kayfor 15 Özel Sayısı

Cite

APA Köylü, M., & Önder, M. (2017). KARMAŞIKLIK KURAMI VE KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE UYGULANMASI: YALOVA KENT İÇİ ULAŞIM HİZMETLERİNİN DİJİTAL MODELLEME VE SİMÜLASYONU. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(Kayfor 15 Özel Sayısı), 1707-1726.