The Effect Of Usıng Glycolıc Acıd At Dıfferent Concentratıons On The Bond Strength Of Root Canal Fıllıng Materıals

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different final irrigation procedures on the bond strength of MTA Fillapex root canal sealer.

Material and Method: 98 caries-free human lower premolar teeth were used in this study. The coronal sections of the teeth were removed with a working length of 12 mm. Root canals were shaped with the ProTaper Next. Samples were randomly distributed into 7 groups and different final irrigation procedures (Group 1:EDTA, Group 2:10% glycolic acid, Group 3:17% glycolic acid, Group 4:EDTA+CHX, Group5:10% glycolic acid+CHX, Group 6:17% glycolic acid+CHX and Group 7:Distilled water) were applied. Root canals were filled with MTA Fillapex and gutta percha. Sections were taken at a distance of 4 and 9 mm from the apical constriction. The bond strength values were calculated by performing the push-out test. Data were analyzed statistically using Duncan and T tests.

Results: For both sections; the highest bond strength values were found in Group 6 and the lowest values were found in Group 7 (p<0.05). Bond strength values in both sections were: Group 6>Group 3>Group 5≥Group 2>Group 4≥Group 1>Group 7. Bond strength values of root canal filling in sections taken from the 9th mm in all groups were found to be significantly higher than 4th mm (p<0.05).

Conclusion: In terms of bond strength of MTA Fillapex root canal sealer; glycolic acid showed higher values than EDTA. Final irrigation with 17% glycolic acid and CHX showed the highest bond strength values.

Keywords

• Glycolic acid
• EDTA
• MTA Fillapex
• bond strength
• irrigation

Project Number

TDH-2021-8322

Farklı Konsantrasyonlarda Glikolik Asit Kullanımının Kök Kanal Dolgu Materyallerinin Bağlanma Dayanımı Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı farklı final irrigasyon prosedürlerinin MTA Fillapex kök kanal dolgu patının bağlanma dayanımı üzerine olan etkisini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada 98 adet çürüksüz insan alt premolar dişi kullanıldı. Dişlerin koronal bölümleri çalışma uzunlukları 12 mm olacak şekilde uzaklaştırıldı. Kök kanalları ProTaper Next ile genişletildi. Örnekler rastgele 7 gruba dağıtıldı ve farklı final irrigasyon prosedürleri (Grup 1:EDTA, Grup 2:%10 glikolik asit, Grup 3:%17 glikolik asit, Grup 4:EDTA+CHX, Grup 5:%10 glikolik asit+CHX, Grup 6:%17 glikolik asit+CHX ve Grup 7:Distile su) uygulandı. Kök kanalları MTA Fillapex ve guta perka ile dolduruldu. Örneklerden, apikal konstriksiyondan itibaren 4 ve 9 mm mesafede olacak şekilde kesitler alındı. Push-out testi yapılarak kesitlerdeki kök kanal dolgusunun bağlanma dayanımı değerleri hesaplandı. Veriler Duncan ve T testleri kullanılarak istatistiksel olarak incelendi.
Bulgular: Gruplar arasında yapılan değerlendirmede 4. ve 9. mm’den alınan her iki kesitte de; kök kanal dolgusunun en yüksek bağlanma dayanımı değerleri Grup 6’da, en düşük bağlanma dayanımı değerleri ise grup 7’de tespit edildi (p<0,05). Her iki kesitte de bağlanma dayanımı Grup 6>Grup 3>Grup 5≥Grup 2>Grup 4≥Grup 1>Grup 7 şeklinde tespit edildi. Grup içi değerlendirmede ise; bütün gruplarda 9. mm’den alınan kesitlerdeki kök kanal dolgusunun bağlanma dayanımı değerleri, 4. mm’den daha yüksek bulundu (p<0,05).
Sonuç: MTA Fillapex kök kanal dolgu patının bağlanma dayanımı açısından; glikolik asit EDTA’dan daha yüksek değerler gösterdi. %17 glikolik asit ve CHX ile yapılan final irrigasyonu en yüksek bağlanma dayanımı değerlerini gösterdi.

Keywords

• Glikolik asit
• EDTA
• MTA Fillapex
• bağlanma dayanımı
• irrigasyon

Supporting Institution

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi (BAP)

Project Number

TDH-2021-8322

References

1. [1] Estrela, C., Sydney, G. B., Figueiredo, J. A. P., Estrela, C. R. D. A. (2009). Antibacterial efficacy of intracanal medicaments on bacterial biofilm: a critical review. Journal of Applied Oral Science, 17(1), 1-7.
2. [2] Peters, O. A., Laib, A., Göhring, T. N., Barbakow, F. (2001). Changes in root canal geometry after preparation assessed by high-resolution computed tomography. Journal of Endodontics, 27(1), 1-6.
3. [3] Mohammadi, Z., Abbott, P. V. (2009). Antimicrobial substantivity of root canal irrigants and medicaments: a review. Australian Endodontic Journal, 35(3), 131-139.
4. [4] Gonçalves, L. S., Rodrigues, R. C. V., Junior, C. V. A., Soares, R. G., Vettore, M. V. (2016). The effect of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine as irrigant solutions for root canal disinfection: a systematic review of clinical trials. Journal of Endodontics, 42(4), 527-532.
5. [5] Hülsmann, M., Heckendorff, M., Lennon, A. (2003). Chelating agents in root canal treatment: mode of action and indications for their use. International Endodontic Journal, 36(12), 810-830.
6. [6] Gürel, M., Helvacıoğlu Kıvanç, B. (2015). Etilen diamin tetra asetik asit (EDTA). Turkiye Klinikleri J Endod-Special Topics; 1(2):8-14
7. [7] Haapasalo M, Shen Y, Qian W, Gao Y. (2010). Irrigation in Endodontics. Dental Clinics of North America, 54:291-312.
8. [8] Teixeira, C. S., Felippe, M. C. S., Felippe, W. T. (2005). The effect of application time of EDTA and NaOCl on intracanal smear layer removal: an SEM analysis. International Endodontic Journal, 38(5), 285-290.

9. [9] Hargreaves Kenneth, M., Cohen, S. (2011) Cohen’s Pathways of the Pulp, Tenth Edition, Mosby Elsevier, St Louis 223-349.
10. [10] Mohammadi, Z., Shalavi, S., Kinoshita, J. I., Giardino, L., Gutmann, J. L., Banihashem Rad, S., Jafarzadeh, H. (2021). A Review on Root Canal Irrigation Solutions in Endodontics. Journal of Dental Materials and Techniques, 10(3), 121-132.
11. [11] Kanisavaran, Z. M. (2008). Chlorhexidine gluconate in endodontics: an update review. International Dental Journal, 58(5), 247-257.
12. [12] Dal Bello, Y., Porsch, H. F., Farina, A. P., Souza, M. A., Silva, E. J. N. L., Bedran-Russo, A. K., Cecchin, D. (2019). Glycolic acid as the final irrigant in Endodontics: Mechanical and cytotoxic effects. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 100, 323-329.
13. [13] Babilas, P., Knie, U., Abels, C. (2012). Cosmetic and dermatologic use of alpha hydroxy acids. JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, 10(7), 488-491.
14. [14] Cecchin, D., Farina, A. P., Vidal, C. M., Bedran-Russo, A. K. (2018). A novel enamel and dentin etching protocol using α-hydroxy glycolic acid: surface property, etching pattern, and bond strength studies. Operative Dentistry, 43(1), 101-110.
15. [15] Thibault, P. K., Wlodarczyk, J., Wenck, A. (1998). A double‐blind randomized clinical trial on the effectiveness of a daily glycolic acid 5% formulation in the treatment of photoaging. Dermatologic Surgery, 24(5), 573-578.
16. [16] Bernstein, E. F., Lee, J., Brown, D. B., Yu, R., Van Scott, E. (2001). Glycolic acid treatment increases type I collagen mRNA and hyaluronic acid content of human skin. Dermatologic Surgery, 27(5), 429-433.
17. [17] Murphy, S. K., Zeng, M., Herzon, S. B. (2017). A modular and enantio selective synthesis of the pleuromutilin antibiotics. Science, 356(6341), 956-959.
18. [18] Zeng, M., Murphy, S. K., Herzon, S. B. (2017). Development of a modular synthetic route to (+)-pleuromutilin,(+)-12-epi-mutilins, and related structures. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 139(45), 16377-16388.
19. [19] Kakudo, N., Kushida, S., Suzuki, K., Kusumoto, K. (2013). Effects of glycolic acid chemical peeling on facial pigment deposition: Evaluation using novel computer analysis of digital‐camera‐captured images. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 12(4), 281-286.
20. [20] Hashim, P. (2014). The effect of Centella asiatica, vitamins, glycolic acid and their mixtures preparations in stimulating collagen and fibronectin synthesis in cultured human skin fibroblast. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 27(2).
21. [21] Dal Bello, Y., Farina, A. P., Souza, M. A., Cecchin, D. (2020). Glycolic acid: Characterization of a new final irrigant and effects on flexural strength and structural integrity of dentin. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 106, 110283.
22. [22] Vitti, R. P., Prati, C., Silva, E. J. N. L., Sinhoreti, M. A. C., Zanchi, C. H., e Silva, M. G. D. S., Gandolfi, M. G. (2013). Physical properties of MTA Fillapex sealer. Journal of Endodontics, 39(7), 915-918.
23. [23] Silva, E. J., Cardoso, M. L., Rodrigues, J. P., De‐Deus, G., Fidalgo, T. K. D. S. (2021). Solubility of bioceramic‐and epoxy resin‐based root canal sealers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Australian Endodontic Journal, 47: 690–702.
24. [24] Silva, E. J. N. L., Rosa, T. P., Herrera, D. R., Jacinto, R. C., Gomes, B. P. F. A., Zaia, A. A. (2013). Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Physicochemical Properties of Calcium Silicate-based Endodontic Sealer MTA Fillapex. Journal of Endodontics, 39(2), 274–277.
25. [25] Akbulut, M. G., Belli, S. (2017). Kök kanal dentinine bağlantı: güncel test yöntemlerine genel bakış. Turkiye Klinikleri J Endod-Special Topics; 3(1):70-7.
26. [26] Goracci, C., Tavares, A. U., Fabianelli, A., Monticelli, F., Raffaelli, O., Cardoso, P. C., Ferrari, M. (2004). The adhesion between fiber posts and root canal walls: comparison between microtensile and push‐out bond strength measurements. European Journal of Oral Sciences, 112(4), 353-361.
27. [27] Ungor, M., Onay, E. O., Orucoglu, H. (2006). Push‐out bond strengths: the Epiphany–Resilon endodontic obturation system compared with different pairings of Epiphany, Resilon, AH Plus and gutta‐percha. International Endodontic Journal, 39(8), 643-647.215.
28. [28] Clark-Holke, D., Drake, D., Walton, R., Rivera, E., Guthmiller, J. M. (2003). Bacterial penetration through canals of endodontically treated teeth in the presence or absence of the smear layer. Journal of Dentistry, 31(4), 275-281.
29. [29] Basrani, B., Haapasalo, M. (2012). Update on endodontic irrigating solutions. Endodontic Topics, 27(1), 74-102.
30. [30] El Mourad, A. M. (2018). Assessment of bonding effectiveness of adhesive materials to tooth structure using bond strength test methods: a review of literature. The Open Dentistry Journal, 12, 664.
31. [31] Ok, E., Ertas, H., Saygili, G., Gok, T. (2013). Effect of photoactivated disinfection on bond strength of root canal filling. Journal of Endodontics, 39(11), 1428-1430.
32. [32] Gurgel-Filho, E. D., Leite, F. M., Lima, J. B. D., Montenegro, J. P. C., Saavedra, F., Silva, E. J. N. L. (2014). Comparative evaluation of push-out bond strength of a MTA-based root canal sealer. Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences, 13, 114-117.
33. [33] Brichko, J., Burrow, M. F., Parashos, P. (2018). Design variability of the push-out bond test in endodontic research: a systematic review. Journal of Endodontics, 44(8), 1237-1245.
34. [34] Sudsangiam, S., Van Noort, R. (1999). Do dentin bond strength tests serve a useful purpose. The Journal of Adhesive Dentistry, 1(1), 57-67.
35. [35] Sousa‐Neto, M. D., Silva Coelho, F. I., Marchesan, M. A., Alfredo, E., Silva‐Sousa, Y. T. C. (2005). Ex vivo study of the adhesion of an epoxy‐based sealer to human dentine submitted to irradiation with Er: YAG and Nd: YAG lasers. International Endodontic Journal, 38(12), 866-870.
36. [36] Huffman, B. P., Mai, S., Pinna, L., Weller, R. N., Primus, C. M., Gutmann, J. L., Tay, F. R. (2009). Dislocation resistance of ProRoot Endo Sealer, a calcium silicate‐based root canal sealer, from radicular dentine. International Endodontic Journal, 42(1), 34-46.
37. [37] Razmi, H., Bolhari, B., Dashti, N. K., Fazlyab, M. (2016). The effect of canal dryness on bond strength of bioceramic and epoxy-resin sealers after irrigation with sodium hypochlorite or chlorhexidine. Iranian Endodontic Journal, 11(2), 129.
38. [38] Mahardhini, S., Meidyawati, R., Artiningsih, D. A. N. P., Amalia, M. (2021). Effects of Epoxy Resin and Calcium Silicate-Based Root Canal Sealer on Fiber Post Adhesion. Journal of International Dental and Medical Research, 14(1), 173-179.
39. [39] El-Ma’aita, A. M., Qualtrough, A. J., Watts, D. C. (2013). The effect of smear layer on the push-out bond strength of root canal calcium silicate cements. Dental Materials, 29(7), 797-803.
40. [40] Yıldırım, T., Oruçoğlu, H., Çobankara, F. K. (2008). Long-term evaluation of the influence of smear layer on the apical sealing ability of MTA. Journal of Endodontics, 34(12), 1537-1540.
41. [41] Teixeira, F. B., Teixeira, E. C., Thompson, J. Y., Trope, M. (2004). Fracture resistance of roots endodontically treated with a new resin filling material. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 135(5), 646-652.
42. [42] Eldeniz, A. U., Erdemir, A., Belli, S. (2005). Shear bond strength of three resin based sealers to dentin with and without the smear layer. Journal of Endodontics, 31(4), 293-296.
43. [43] Reyhani, M. F., Ghasemi, N., Rahimi, S., Milani, A. S., Mokhtari, H., Shakouie, S., Safarvand, H. (2014). Push-out bond strength of Dorifill, Epiphany and MTA-Fillapex sealers to root canal dentin with and without smear layer. Iranian Endodontic Journal, 9(4), 246.
44. [44] Souza, M. A., Rauber, M. G. P., Zuchi, N., Bonacina, L. V., Ricci, R., Dias, C. T., Palhano, H. S. (2019). Influence of final irrigation protocols and endodontic sealer on bond strength of root filling material with root dentin previously treated with photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, 26, 137-141.
45. [45] Guneser, M. B., Akbulut, M. B., Eldeniz, A. U. (2013). Effect of various endodontic irrigants on the push-out bond strength of biodentine and conventional root perforation repair materials. Journal of Endodontics, 39(3), 380-384.
46. [46] De Assis, D. F., Do Prado, M., Simão, R. A. (2011). Evaluation of the interaction between endodontic sealers and dentin treated with different irrigant solutions. Journal of Endodontics, 37(11), 1550-1552.
47. [47] Dinesh, K., Murthy, B. S., Narayana, I. N., Hegde, S., Madhu, K. S., Nagaraja, S. (2014). The effect of 2% chlorhexidine on the bond strength of two different obturating materials. The journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, 15(1), 82.
48. [48] Agrawal, A., Paul, B., Mantri, S., Dube, K. (2015). The Effect of Different Irrigation Regiments on the Push out Bond Strength of MTA Fillapex Sealer to Dentin. Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research, 1-8.
49. [49] Çetinkaya, Y., Bodrumlu, E., Mutafa, M., Koçak, S., Sağlam, B. C., Türker, S. A. (2020). Effect of modified NaOCl irrigation solution on bond strength of bioceramic-based root canal sealer to dentin. Indian Journal of Dental Research, 31(4), 574.
50. [50] Mjör, I., Nordahl, I. (1996) The density and branching of dentinal tubules in human teeth. Archives of Oral Biology, 41 (5), 401-412.