The Effect of Different Beverages and Polishing Process on the Staining of Laminate Restorations Produced with Three Dimensional Dental Resins

Abstract

Laminate preparation was performed on the Fraseco upper-central tooth and the measurement was performed digitally (Trios 3-3 Shape). It was transferred to a computer-aided software-program (Meshmixer-Autodesk Inc) and the restorations were ready for printing using slicing-software (Cura-Ultimaker). The production was performed using two digital light-processing type 3D-printers [Varseo XS (Bego), AccuFab-D1s (Shining Dental)] and dental resins [VarseoSmile Crown Plus (Bego), Try-In (Shining 3D)] (n=36). The subgroups were polished and unpolished. In the polishing group; aluminum oxide disc (Tor VM) and white polishing rubber (Nais) were applied for 30 seconds under water-cooling. Initial color-measurements were performed with spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade Advance 5.0-Vita Zahnfabrik). The samples were divided into three subgroups to store in distilled water, cola (Coca Cola) and coffee (Nescafe-Nestle) (n=6). Color measurements were performed on the 15th and 30th days and color-changes (∆E1 and ∆E2) were calculated. The differences within and between groups were evaluated by ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test. Differences between ∆E changes were examined using repeated-measurements and Bonferroni-corrections (p<0.05).

Keywords

• Polishing
• discoloration
• 3d printing
• laminate restorations

Üç Boyutlu Dental Reçinelerle Üretilen Lamina Restorasyonların Renklenmesinde Farklı İçeceklerin ve Polisaj İşleminin Etkisi

Abstract

Fraseco üst santral diş üzerinde lamina preperasyonu gerçekleştirildi ve dijital yöntemle ölçüsü alındı (Trios 3, 3 Shape). Bilgisayar destekli yazılım programına (Meshmixer, Autodesk Inc) aktarım yapıldı ve restorasyonlar dilimleme yazılımı (Cura, Ultimaker) kullanılarak baskıya hazır hale getirildi. Dijital ışık işleme türünde iki farklı 3B yazıcı [Varseo XS (Bego), AccuFab-D1s (Shining Dental)] ile iki farklı dental reçine [VarseoSmile Crown Plus (Bego), Try-In (Shining 3D)] kullanılarak üretim gerçekleştirildi (n=36). Her bir materyal grubu polisaj uygulanan ve uygulanmayan olarak iki alt gruba ayrıldı. Polisaj grubunda; alüminyum oksit disk (Tor VM) ve beyaz polisaj lastiği (Nais) su soğutması altında 30 saniye uygulandı. Spektrofotometre (Vita Easyshade Advance 5.0, Vita Zahnfabrik) ile başlangıç renk ölçümleri gerçekleştirildi. Örnekler tekrar üç alt gruba ayrıldı; distile su, kola (Coca Cola) ve kahve (Nescafe-Nestle) solüsyonlarında bekletildi (n=6). 15. ve 30. günlerde renk ölçümü yapıldı ve renk değişimleri (∆E1 ve ∆E2) hesaplandı. Grup içi ve gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar ANOVA ve post-hoc Tukey testi ile değerlendirildi. ∆E değişimleri arasındaki farklılıklar tekrarlayan ölçümler ve Bonferroni düzeltmeleri kullanılarak incelendi (p<0.05).

Keywords

• Polisaj
• renklenme
• 3 boyutlu üretim
• lamina restorasyon

References

1. 1. Özay, M., Sarıdağ, S. 2023. Diş Hekimliğinde Fotopolimerizasyon ile 3 Boyutlu Üretim Yöntemleri ve Kullanım Alanları. Selçuk Dent Journal, 10(2), 479-485.
2. 2. Jeong, M.; Radomski, K.; Lopez, D.; Liu, J.T.; Lee, J.D.; Lee, S.J. 2024. Materials and Applications of 3D Printing Technology in Dentistry: An Overview. Dent. J. 12, 1.
3. 3. Yavuz, E., Yılmaz, S. 2021. Diş hekimliğinde yeni ve hızla ilerleyen üretim teknolojisi: 3 boyutlu yazıcılar. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi, 7(2), 197-205
4. 4. Özberk T, Karakaya İ. The Use of Additive Manufacturing Technologies in Restorative Dentistry. Cyprus J Med Sci 2024;9(2):76-83
5. 5. Delibalta, M.S. 2020. Madencilik sektöründe lojistik yönetiminin iş güvenliği üzerine etkileri. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(1), 480-487
6. 6. Kessler, A., Hickel, R.,Reymus, M. 2020. 3D Printing in Dentistry-State of the Art. Operative dentistry. 45(1), 30-40
7. 7. Türk, A.G., Çömlekoğlu, M.D., Çömlekoğlu, M.E. 2022. Eklemeli Bilgisayar Destekli Üretim Yöntemleri. Ege Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, DİJİTAL DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ ÖZEL SAYI, 85-94.
8. 8. Batu, M.S. 2021. Üç boyutlu yazıcılar ve protetik diş tedavisi. İstanbul Üniversitesi, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Bitirme tezi, 48 s, İstanbul

9. 9. Scotti, C., Velo, M., Rizzante, F., Nascimento, T., Mondelli, R., Bombonatti, J. 2020. Physical and surface properties of a 3D-printed composite resin for a digital workflow. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 124.
10. 10. Hajdu, A.I.; Dumitrescu, R.; Balean, O.; Lalescu, D.V.; Buzatu, B.L.R.; Bolchis, V.; Floare, L.; Utu, D.; Jumanca, D.; Galuscan, A. 2024, Enhancing Esthetics in Direct Dental Resin Composite: Investigating Surface Roughness and Color Stability. J. Funct. Biomater. 15, 208.
11. 11. Choi, J.W., Lee, M.J.,Oh, S.H.,Kim, K.M. 2019. Changes in the physical properties and color stability of aesthetic restorative materials caused by various beverages. Dental materials journal, 38, 33-40.
12. 12. Shetty, P., Purayil, T.P., Ginjupalli, K., etal. 2021. Effect of polishing technique and immersion in beverages on color stability of nanoceramic composites. Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 11, 53-56.
13. 13. Valizadeh, S., Asiaie, Z., Kiomarsi, N., Kharazifard, M. J. 2020. Color stability of self-adhering composite resins in different solutions. Dent Med Probl. 57(1):31-38.
14. 14. Turan, Y., Senirkentli, G. B., Sonkaya, E., Çiftçi, V., Çakmak, E. 2024. Farklı Mikrohibrit Kompozitlerin Renk Stabilitesi ve Translüsensi Parametresi Açısından Karşılaştırılması: in Vitro Çalışma. Selcuk Dental Journal. vol.11, 17-22.
15. 15. Borges, M.G., Silva, G.R, Neves, F.T, Soares, C.J, Faria-E-Silva, A.L, Carvalho, R.F., Menezes, M.S. 2021. Oxygen Inhibition of Surface Composites and Its Correlation with Degree of Conversion and Color Stability. Braz Dent J. 32(1):91-97.
16. 16. Demir, A., Cetindere, S., Capan, B. 2023. Color Stability Evaluation of Different Posterior Composites. Essentials of Dentistry. 2. 9-13.
17. 17. Şişmanoğlu, S., Sengez, G. 2021. Effects of Acidic Beverages on Color Stability of Bulk-Fill Composites with Different Viscosities. Odovtos-International Journal of Dental Sciences. 24. 2215-3411.
18. 18. Girdthep, S., Hanmeng, O., Triamnak, N., Chailek, N., Wanichacheva, N. 2021. Theoretical solvent selection for nanostructured surface fabrication of reusable and colourimetric visual-eye sensor strips with rhodamine derivative-encapsulated polymeric membranes for highly sensitive and selective detection of Hg2+. Polymer Testing. 97. 107151.
19. 19. Ünalan Değirmenci, B., (2021). Effects of Acidic Drinks On Color Stability of High Viscosity Universal Bulk-Fill Composites. Van Tıp Dergis , vol.28, no.1, 25-31. 20. Hajdu, A.I, Dumitrescu, R., Balean, O., Jumanca, D., Sava-Rosianu, R., Floare, L., Bolchis, V., Vlase, T., Galuscan, A. 2024. Microscopic and Color Changes in Direct Dental Restorative Composite Resins upon Immersion in Beverages: Characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Biomedicines. 2;12(8):1740
20. 21. Gruber, S., Kamnoedboon, P., Özcan, M., Srinivasan, M. 2021. CAD/CAM Complete Denture Resins: An In Vitro Evaluation of Color Stability. Journal of Prosthodontics, 30(5), 430-439.
21. 22. Erdoğdu, M., Tunçdemir, M. T., Güntekin, N. 2022. Investigation of the coloring effects of different ground-based coffee types on composite resin materials. International Dental Research, 12(Suppl. 1), 16-21.
22. 23. Kadu, T., Kamat, S., Nanjannawar, G., Kinikar, S., Makhijani, D. 2023). Effect of Hot and Cold Beverages on the Flexural Strength of Nanofilled and Nanohybrid Composites: An In-vitro Study. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH. 17.
23. 24. Liebermann, A., Roos, M., Stawarczyk, B. 2017. The effect of different storage media on color stability of self-adhesive composite resin cements for up to one year. Materials. 10(3), 30
24. 25. Alkhadim, Y.K.; Hulbah, M.J.; Nassar, H.M. 2020. Color Shift, Color Stability, and Post-Polishing Surface Roughness of Esthetic Resin Composites. Materials, 13, 1376.
25. 26. Dimitrova, M., Chuchulska, B., Zlatev, S., Kazakova, R. 2022. Colour Stability of 3D-Printed and Prefabricated Denture Teeth after Immersion in Different Colouring Agents-An In Vitro Study. Polymers. 31, 14(15), 3125.
26. 27. Mundim, F.M., Garcia, L., Pires-de-Souza, F.D.C. 2010. Effect of staining solutions and repolishing on colour stability of direct composites. Journal of Applied Oral Science, 18(3), 249-254
27. 28. Güler, A.U., Yilmaz, F., Külünk, T., Güler, E., Kurt S. 2005. Effects of different drinks on stainability of resin composite provisional restorative materials. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 94(2), 118-124
28. 29. Mutlu-Sagesen, L., Ergün, D., Özkan, Y., Semiz M. 2005. Color stability of dental composite after immersion in various media. Dent Materials Journal, 24, 382-390.
29. 30. Raszewski Z, Chojnacka K, Mikulewicz M. 2023. Effects of Surface Preparation Methods on the Color Stability of 3D-Printed Dental Restorations. J Funct Biomater. 14(5):257.
30. 31. Shin, J.W., Kim, J.E., Choi, Y.J., Shin, S.H., Nam, N.E., Shim, J.S., Lee, K.W. 2020. Evaluation of the Color Stability of 3D-Printed Crown and Bridge Materials against Various Sources of Discoloration: An In Vitro Study. Materials (Basel). 26;13(23):5359.
31. 32. Daghrery, A. 2023. Color Stability, Gloss Retention, and Surface Roughness of 3D-Printed versus Indirect Prefabricated Veneers. J. Funct. Biomater. 14, 492.