Preparation of Herbal Disinfectans: Effective Formulations and Application Method for Teat Cleaning

Abstract

Objective: Mastitis is a common infection in dairy cattle which leads to significant economic losses due to reduced milk yield and quality. The main causative agents are Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and coliform bacteria. Contact with faeces under farm conditions encourages bacterial growth and udder tissue inflammation. Therefore, cleaning the teats before milking is essential for maintaining milk hygiene and animal health. However, many commercial cleaning solutions contain surfactant-based chemicals that can mix with milk if inadequate rinsing occurs, posing risks to health and milk quality. The aim of this study was to develop natural cleaning solutions that are effective at lower concentrations. Materials and methods: Essential and fixed oils were obtained from lavender, mint, thyme, cinnamon, sage, aniseed, fennel, bay, cumin and eucalyptus using a supercritical carbon dioxide extraction system. The chemical compositions of these oils were analysed using HPLC and GC-MS. The antibacterial effectiveness of the oils was then tested against E. coli, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes and Salmonella strains known to cause mastitis. Results: A teat-cleaning solution containing 3% boric acid and essential oils of peppermint, lavender, cinnamon, sage and thyme was formulated. Treating three lactating cows at Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Farm with the solution reduced bacterial load by up to two logs, according to disk diffusion analysis. Conclusion: The plant-based cleaning solution demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against bacteria that cause mastitis. It presents a safe and effective alternative to chemical disinfectants and has the potential to maintain udder hygiene, prevent mastitis and improve milk quality.

Keywords

• Mastitis
• Milk quality
• Supercritical carbondioxide extraction
• Antibacterial

Supporting Institution

This study was supported by Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Scientific Research Project Coordination (Grant No. 0756-MP-21).

Project Number

0756-MP-21

Ethical Statement

In this study, we undertake that all the rules required to be followed within the scope of the "Higher Education Institutions Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive" are complied with, and that none of the actions stated under the heading "Actions Against Scientific Research and Publication Ethics" are not carried out. The study was approved by Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Animal Experiments Local Ethics Committee (Date: 13.07.2021, Number: 795).

Thanks

I would like to express my special thanks to Prof. Dr. Fatih Mehmet Emen and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Aslıhan Cesur Turgut for their valuable contributions.

Meme Başı Temizliğinde Kullanılacak Bitkisel Dezenfektanların Hazırlanması

Abstract

Amaç: Mastitis, süt sığırlarında görülen ve süt endüstrisinde ekonomik kayıplara yol açan yaygın bir enfeksiyondur. Başlıca etkenler Staphylococcus, Streptococcus ve koliform bakterilerdir. Çiftlik koşullarında hayvanların dışkı ile teması, bakterilerin çoğalmasına ve meme dokusunda iltihap gelişmesine neden olur. Bu nedenle sağım öncesi meme başı temizliği, süt hijyeni ve hayvan sağlığı açısından zorunludur. Mevcut solüsyonların çoğu yüzey aktif kimyasallar içerir; yetersiz durulama yapıldığında bu maddeler süte karışarak kaliteyi düşürür ve sağlık riski oluşturur. Çalışmada amaç daha düşük konsantrasyonlarda daha etkili temizleme yapabilen solüsyonlar formülize etmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada, antimikrobiyal özellikleri bilinen lavanta, nane, kekik, tarçın, adaçayı, anason, rezene, defne, kimyon ve okaliptüs bitkilerinin bitki kısımlarından, süperkritik karbondioksit ekstraksiyonu ile sabit ve uçucu yağlar elde edilmiştir. Yağların bileşimi HPLC ve GC-MS yöntemleriyle analiz edilmiş, mastitise neden olan E. coli, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes ve Salmonella suşlarına karşı etkinlikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmada en etkili olduğu saptanan nane, lavanta, tarçın, adaçayı ve kekik yağları kullanılarak, yüzde üç borik asit içeren bir meme başı temizleme solüsyonu formüle edilmiştir. Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi çiftliğinde seçilen üç sağmal inekte yapılan uygulamalarda, kirli ve temiz örneklerden alınan svaplar disk difüzyon yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Çözelti uygulaması bakteriyel yükü iki loga kadar düşürmektedir. Bulgular, bu formülasyonun mastitisin önlenmesine katkı sağlayabileceğini ve süt kalitesini artırma potansiyeli taşıdığını ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç: Kimyasal kökenli solüsyonlara alternatif olarak hazırlanan bitkisel kaynaklı meme temizleme solüsyonu mastisite neden olan bakterilere karşı etki göstermektedir. Solüsyon, meme başı uygulaması ile meme hijyenini sağlayarak hem mastisiti önleme hem de sütün kalitesini artırma potansiyeline sahiptir.

Keywords

• Mastitis
• Süt kalitesi
• Süperkritik karbondioksit ekstraksiyonu
• Antibakteriyel

Project Number

0756-MP-21

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