Comparison of facial scanning system and plethysmographic technique in measurement of edema

Abstract

Objective: The extraction of impacted teeth is one of the most common procedures in the field of oral surgery, and trismus, pain, and edema may occur after the procedure. The aim of this study was to compare the three dimensional facial screening system and plethysmographic technique in the measurement of edema after third molar teeth extraction.

Material and method: Sixty patients aged 18 years and older were included in the study with indication of bilateral, impacted tooth extraction in the lower jaw. The patients were divided into two different groups, a group with the kinesio tape (KT) was adhered on one side of the face after extraction (KT group, n: 60); no application after the tooth extraction on the opposite side (control group, n: 60). Immediately before the operation (T0), after the 2nd (T1) and 7 (T2) days, edema measurements were performed separately by 3DMD and plethysmographic methods.

Results: According to the results, there was no statistically significant correlation between 3dMD measurement method and pletismographic measurement method in the evaluation of T0-T1, T0-T2 time interval edema (p> 0.05).

Conclusion: In the evaluation of the volumetric changes in the soft tissue after surgical interventions in the maxillofacial region, it is thought that 3D scanning systems give more reliable results because it allows measurement without direct contact with the tissue.

Keywords

• impacted teeth,edema,kinesiology,three-dimensional image

Ödemin Değerlendirilmesinde Yüz Tarama Sistemi ile Pletismografik Ölçüm Yönteminin Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Gömülü dişlerin çekimi çene cerrahisi alanında en sık yapılan işlemlerden biridir ve işlem sonrası trismus, ağrı ve ödem meydana gelebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada gömülü üçüncü molar dişlerin çekimi sonrasında oluşan ödemin değerlendirilmesinde 3 boyutlu ölçüm yöntemi ile konvansiyonel yöntemlerden biri olan esnek cetvelle yapılan pletismografik ölçüm yönteminin  kıyaslanarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Materyal ve metot: Çalışmaya alt çenesinde bilateral, gömülü diş çekimi endikasyonu koyulmuş 18 yaş ve üzerinde 60 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar iki farklı gruba ayrıldı, çekim sonrası hastaların yüzünün bir tarafına kinesio bant yapıştırılırken (KB grubu, n:60) ;  karşıt tarafta yapılan diş çekimi sonrası hastalara herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı (kontrol grubu, n:60). Ameliyattan hemen önce (T0), sonrası 2.(T1) ve 7.(T2) günlerde ödem ölçümleri 3dMD ve pletismografik yöntemlerle ayrı ayrı gerçekleştirildi.

Bulgular: Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; T0-T1; T0-T2 zaman aralığında meydana gelen ödemin değerlendirilmesinde 3dMD ölçüm yötemi ile pletismografik ölçüm yöntemi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir korelasyon tespit edilmemişir (p>0,05).

Sonuç: Maksillofasiyal bölgede yapılan cerrahi müdahalelerden sonra yumuşak dokuda meydana gelen hacimsel değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesinde, dokuya doğrudan temas etmeden ölçüm yapılabilmesine olanak tanıdığı için 3D tarama sistemlerinin daha güvenilir sonuçlar verdiği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• gömülü diş,ödem,kinezioloji,üç boyutlu görüntüleme

References

1. Referans 1) Breytenbach HS.Objective measurement of post-operative swelling. Int J OralSurg 1978; 7: 386–92.
2. Referans 2) Yamamoto S, Miyachi H, Fujii H, Ochiai S, Watanabe S, Shimozato K. Intuitive Facial Imaging Method for Evaluation of Postoperative Swelling: A Combination of 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography and Laser Surface Scanning in Orthognathic Q2 Surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016; 74(12) :2506.e1-2506.e10. doi:10.1016/j.joms.2016.08.039.
3. Referans 3) Rabey G. Craniofacial morph analysis. Proc R Soc Med 1971;64:103–11.
4. Referans 4) Baik H-S, Kim S-Y. Facial soft-tissue changes in skeletal Class III orthognathic surgery patients analyzed with 3-dimensional laser scanning. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010; 138: 167–178.
5. Referans 5) Kuijpers MAR, Chiu Y-T, Nada RM, Carels CEL, Fudalej PS. Three-dimensional imaging methods for quantitative analysis of facial soft tissues and skeletal morphology in patients with orofacial clefts: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2014; 9: e93442
6. Referans 6) Littlefield TR, Kelly KM, Cherney JC, Beals SP, Pomatto JK. Development of a new three-dimensional cranial imaging system. J Craniofac Surg. 2004; 15: 175–181.
7. Referans 7) Hajeer MY, Millett DT, Ayoub AF, Siebert JP. Applications of 3D imaging in orthodontics: part I. J Orthod. 2004; 31: 62–70.
8. Referans 8) Brons S, van Beusichem ME, Bronkhorst EM, et al. Methods to quantify soft-tissue based facial growth and treatment outcomes in children: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2012; 7: e41898.

9. Referans 9) Kochel J, Meyer-Marcotty P, Strnad F, Kochel M, Stellzig-Eisenhauer A. 3D soft tissue analysis—part 1: sagittal parameters. J Orofac Orthop. 2010; 71: 40–52.
10. Referans 10) Kim JC, Choi SS, Wang SJ, Kim SG. Minor complications after mandibular third molar surgery: type, incidence, and possible prevention. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology. 2006; 102(2): e4-e11.
11. Referans 11) Yuasa H, Sugiura M. Clinical postoperative findings after removal of impacted mandibular third molars: prediction of postoperative facial swelling and pain based on preoperative variables. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2004; 42(3): 209-14.
12. Referans 12) K Kase, J Wallis, T Kase. Clinical therapeutic application of the kinesio taping method. Tokyo, Japan: Ken Ikai Co Ltd; 2003. p.20.
13. Referans 13) Ristow O, Hohlweg-Majert B, Kehl V, Koerdt S, Hahnefeld L, Pautke C. Does elastic therapeutic tape reduce postoperative swelling, pain, and trismus after open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular fractures? J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013; 71(8): 1387-96.
14. Referans 14) Macedo LB, Richards J, Borges DT, Melo SA, Brasileiro JS. Kinesio taping reduces pain and improves disability in low back pain patients: a randomised controlled trial. Physiotherapy 2018; pii:S0031-9406(18)30154-8. [Medline:30348455] [doi: 10.1016/j.physio.2018.07.005]
15. Referans 15) Lu Z, Li X, Chen R, Guo C. Kinesio taping improves pain and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Surg. 2018; 59:27-35. [Medline:30273684] [doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.09.015]
16. Referans 16) Lietz-Kijak D, Kopacz Ł, Ardan R, Grzegocka M, Kijak E. Assessment of the Short-Term Effectiveness of Kinesiotapingand Trigger Points Release Used in Functional Disorders of the Masticatory Muscles. Pain Res Manag. 2018 10;2018:5464985. doi: 10.1155/2018/5464985
17. Referans 17) Ristow O, Hohlweg-Majert B, Stürzenbaum SR, Kehl V, Koerdt S, Hahnefeld L, Pautke C. Therapeutic elastic tape reduces morbidity after wisdom teeth removal—a clinical trial. Clin Oral Invest. 2014; 18(4):1205-1212. doi: 10.1007/s00784-013-1067-3
18. Referans 18) Harrison JA, Nixon MA, Fright WR, Snape L. Use of hand-held laser scanning in the assessment of facial swelling: a preliminary study. Br. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004; 42:8-17.
19. Referans 19) Kau CH, Cronin A, Durning P, et al: A new method for the 3D measurement of postoperative swelling following orthognathic surgery. Orthod Craniofac Res 2006; 9(1): 31-7.
20. Referans 20) Yamamoto S, Miyachi H, Fujii H, Ochiai S, Watanabe S, Shimozato K. Intuitive Facial Imaging Method for Evaluation of Postoperative Swelling: A Combination of 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography and Laser Surface Scanning in Orthognathic Surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;74(12):2506.e1-2506.e10. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.08.039.
21. Referans 21) van der Meer WJ, Dijkstra PU, Visser A, Vissink A, Ren Y. Reliability and validity of measurements of facial swelling with a stereophotogrammetry optical three-dimensional scanner. British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 2014;52(10):922-7.
22. Referans 22) Asutay F, Yolcu Ü, Geçör O, Acar A, Öztürk S, Malkoç S. An evaluation of effects of platelet‑rich‑fibrin on postoperative morbidities after lower third molar surgery. Niger J Clin Pract. 2017;20(12):1531-1536. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.181400.
23. Referans 23) Wong JY, Oh AK, Ohta E, Hunt AT, Rogers GF, Mulliken JB, et al. Validity and reliability of craniofacial anthropometric measurement of 3D digital photogrammetric images. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. 2008;45(3):232-9.