Romatizmal Hastalıklarda Yoga

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 95 - 102, 30.04.2021

Yasemin Acar , Nursen İlçin

Öz

Yoga, binlerce yıl önce Hindistan’da ortaya çıkan, bireyin fiziksel, zihinsel, duygusal ve spirütüel boyutlarına denge ve sağlık getirmek için tasarlanan eski bir disiplindir. Son yıllarda sağlık için yoga uygulaması dünya çapında popüler hale gelmiştir. Esnekliği artırmak, genel kondisyonu, genel sağlığı, fiziksel uygunluğu iyileştirmek ve stresi azaltmak yogaya başlamak için en çok bildirilen nedenlerdir. Yoga yararlı etkilerinden dolayı alternatif bir terapatik yaklaşım olarak bilinir. Klinik yoga, hastalığı önlemek, iyileştirmek ve/veya düzeltmek için geleneksel yoga uygulamalarının kullanımını içerir. Romatizmal hastalıklar eklemlerde ağrı, şişlik, sertlik ve fonksiyon kaybına neden olarak bireylerin yaşam kalitesinde azalma ve engelliliğe neden olabilir. Artrit hastalarının yönetiminde ilaç ve cerrahi müdahalenin yanı sıra öz-yönetim, fizik tedavi, ergoterapi, kilo kaybı gibi farmakolojik olmayan yaklaşımlar önerilmektedir. Öz yönetimin ve fiziksel aktivitenin artmasının rolü, artritin tedavisinde büyük önem taşır. Terapatik etkilerinden dolayı yoga romatizmal hastalığı olanlar için alternatif bir yaklaşım olarak düşünülebilir. Son yıllarda romatoid artrit, osteoartrit ve fibromyalji gibi romatizmal hastalıklarda yoganın etkinliğinin araştırıldığı çalışmalar artmaktadır. Mekanizması tam olarak açıklanamasa da yoganın özellikle ağrı üzerine olumlu etkileri olduğu bildirilmiştir. Ayrıca hastalık semptomları, fonksiyon, psikolojik durum, uyku ve yaşam kalitesinde iyileşmeler bildirilmiştir. Fiziksel duruşlar, nefes çalışmaları, meditasyon ve yoga felsefesi birlikte uygulandığında daha etkili sonuçlar gözlenmiştir. Fakat çalışmalardaki randomizasyon eksiklikleri, küçük örneklem büyüklükleri, yoga müdahalelerinin standardizasyonunun olmaması ve müdahalelerin değişen dozajları nedeniyle çalışma sonuçlarının dikkatli yorumlanması gereklidir. Çalışmaların tüm bu sınırlamalarına rağmen, yoga artrit için umut verici bir yöntemdir. Yoga, romatoid atrit, osteoartrit, fibromyalji sendromu olan hastalar için yardımcı bir tedavi olarak düşünülebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

yoga, romatizmal hastalıklar, romatoid artrit, osteoartrit, fibromyalji

Yoga in Rheumatic Diseases

Öz

Yoga is an ancient discipline that emerged in India thousandans of years ago, designed to bring balance and health to the physical, mental, emotional and spiritual dimensions of the individual. Yoga practice for health has become popular worldwide in recent years. Increasing flexibility, improving overall condition, overall health, physical fitness, and reducing stress are the most reported reasons for starting yoga. Yoga is known as an alternative therapeutic approach due to its beneficial effects. Clinical yoga involves the use of traditional yoga practices to prevent, cure and / or ameliorate disease. Rheumatic diseases can cause pain, swelling, stiffness and loss of function in the joints, leading to decreased quality of life and disability. In the management of arthritis patients, non-pharmacological approaches such as self-management, physical therapy, ergotherapy, weight loss, as well as drug and surgical intervention are recommended. The role of self-management and increased physical activity is of great importance in the treatment of arthritis. Due to its therapeutic effects, yoga can be considered as an alternative approach for those with rheumatic disease. In recent years, studies investigating the effectiveness of yoga in rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia have been increasing. Although the mechanism is not fully explained, yoga has been reported to have positive effects especially on pain. In addition, improvements in disease symptoms, function, psychological state, sleep and quality of life have been reported. More effective results were observed when physical postures, breathing exercises, meditation and yoga philosophy were applied together. However, due to lack of randomization in studies, small sample sizes, lack of standardization of yoga interventions and changing dosages of interventions, study results should be interpreted with caution. Despite all these limitations of studies, yoga is a promising method for arthritis. Yoga can be considered as an adjunct therapy for patients with rheumatoid atritis, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia syndrome.

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