Evaluation of Depression and Anxiety Levels in Periodontal Diseases

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 11 - 21, 13.04.2023

Ayşegül Sarı

https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.1226465

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between periodontal diseases and periodontal disease awareness and depression and anxiety levels.
Matherial-Method: In total 200 individuals (85 males and 115 females, aged 18-64 years) were included in the study, divided into 67 periodontal healthy individuals (PS group), 70 patients with gingivitis (G group), and 63 patients with periodontitis (P group). The clinical periodontal indexes and complaints of the participants, which is described periodontal disease awareness, were recorded. Depression and anxiety levels of the participants were evaluated by Beck depression and Beck anxiety scales.
Results: Beck depression and anxiety scores were higher in the P and G groups than in the PD group (P=0.001). Depression and anxiety scores were higher in patients who had complaints of gingival bleeding, sensitivity, bad breath, and aesthetic problems compared to those who did not have complaints. Depression scores were higher in patients who had mobility and abscess complaints (P 0.005). In multivariate Binary logistic regression analyses, Beck depression scores were 11.95 fold higher (95% CI: 3.1-46.06, P=0.001) in the P group than PS group. Beck depression scores were 4.61 fold higher in presence of sensitivity (95% CI: 1.58-13.43, P=0.005) and 3.73 fold in mobility (95% CI: 1.12-12.44, P=0.032) complaints than the apsence of these complaints.
Conclusion: Presence of periodontal diseases affect depression and anxiety levels. Periodontal disease awareness and depression can be associated. Depression can affect the progress of periodontal diseases.

Keywords

Periodontal diseases, depression, anxiety, awareness

Periodontal Hastalıklarda Depresyon ve Anksiyete Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, periodontal hastalıkların ve periodontal hastalık farkındalığının depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri ile ilişkisini değerlendirmektir.
Materyal-Metot: Çalışmaya toplamda 200 birey (85 erkek ve 115 kadın, 18-64 yaş aralığı) olmak üzere, 67 periodontal sağlıklı (PS grup) birey, 70 Gingivitis hastası (G grup) ve 63 Periodontitis hastası (P grup) dahil edildi. Katılımcıların klinik periodontal klinik indeksleri ve periodontal hastalık farkındalıklarına ilişkin şikayetleri kaydedildi. Hastaların depresyon ve anksiyete seviyeleri Beck deresyon ve anksiyete ölçekleriyle değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Beck depresyon ve anksiyete skorları P ve G gruplarında PS grubundan daha yüksekti (P=0.001). Dişeti kanaması, hassasiyet, ağız kokusu, estetik problem şikâyeti olan hastalarda depresyon ve anksiteye skorları şikâyeti olmayanlara göre daha yüksekti (P0.005). Mobilite ve apse şikâyeti olan hastalarda depresyon skorları şikâyeti olmayanlara göre daha yüksekti (P0.005). Çok değişkenli Binary lojistik regresyon analizinde Beck depresyon skoru P grubundan PS grubuna doğru gittikçe 11,95 (%95 GA: 3,1-46,06, P=0.001) kat artmıştır. Hassasiyet şikâyeti varlığı, Beck depresyon skorunu şikâyetin yokluğuna göre 4,61 kat arttırırken (%95 GA: 1,58-13,43, P=0.005); mobilite şikâyeti varlığı skoru 3,73 kat arttırmıştır (%95 GA: 1,12-12,44, P=0.032).
Sonuç: Periodontal hastalık varlığı depresyon ve anksiyete düzeylerini etkileyebilir ve periodontal hastalık farkındalığı ile depresyon ilişkili olabilir. Depresyon periodontal hastalıkların seyrini etkileyebilir.

Keywords

Periodontal hastalıklar, periodontitis, depresyon, anksiyete, farkındalık

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