Prostate Cancer: Signal Mechanism of Androgen Receptor

Abstract

Prostate cancer is the second most common form of cancer in male individuals, resulting in the death of individuals. It is known that cells require androgens in normal prostate and prostate cancer development. Androgens initiate the specialized transcriptional process by stimulating the androgen receptor, a member of the steroid-nuclear receptor superfamily in cells. It is known that prostate cancer develops due to the androgen receptor signal that is impaired for various reasons. In this review, information about general features of prostate cancer, cellular androgens, and molecular structure of androgen receptor is summarized. In addition, the mechanism of signal transduction regulated by direct androgen stimulation of the androgen receptor and alternative signaling mechanisms mediated by growth factors, interleukins or proteins that are members of the kinase family will be summarized and discussed in detail.

Keywords

• prostate cancer,androgen receptor,androgen

Prostat Kanseri: Androjen Reseptörü Sinyal Mekanizması

Abstract

Prostat kanseri erkek bireylerde cilt kanserinden sonra en sık rastlanan ve bireylerin yaşamını yitirmesi ile sonuçlanan ikinci kanser türüdür. Normal prostat ve prostat kanseri gelişiminde hücrelerinin androjenlere gerek duyduğu bilinmektedir. Androjenler hücrelerdeki steroid-nüklear reseptör süper ailesi üyesi olan androjen reseptörünü uyararak özelleşmiş transkripsiyonel süreci başlatmaktadır. Çeşitli nedenlerle bozulan androjen reseptörü sinyali nedeniyle prostat kanserinin geliştiği bilinmektedir. Bu derlemede prostat kanserinin genel özellikleri, hücresel androjenler ve androjen reseptörünün moleküler yapısı hakkında bilgiler özetlenmiştir. Ayrıca prostat kanseri hücrelerinin kullandığı iki majör mekanizma; androjen reseptörünün doğrudan androjen uyarımı ile düzenlenen sinyal iletiminin mekanizması ve büyüme faktörleri, interlökinler ya da kinaz ailesinin üyesi olan proteinler aracılı olarak kontrol edilen alternatif sinyal mekanizmaları özetlenerek detayları tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

• prostat kanseri,androjen reseptörü,androjen

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