Covid-19 Tedavisinde İmmun Plazma Uygulamaları

Year 2021, , 87 - 92, 01.05.2021

Esra Nurlu Temel

https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.906321

Abstract

Yüzyılda bir yaşanan ve ne zaman sonlanacağı öngörülemeyen şiddetli akut solunum yolu sendromu koronavirüsü-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemisi tüm dünyada hız kesmeden devam etmektedir. Umut verici aşı ve ilaç çalışmalarına rağmen pandeminin kontrol altına alınamaması nedeni ile iyileşen hastalardan elde edilen immun plazmanın koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) tedavisinde uygulanması, alternatif tedavi seçeneklerinden biri olarak güncelliğini korumaktadır. İyileşen hasta plazmalarının salgın hastalıklarda kullanımı yeni bir yöntem olmayıp tarihte birçok bulaşıcı hastalığın tedavisinde kullanılmıştır. İmmun plazma içinde bulunan Nötralizan antikorların (Nab) bilinen etki mekanizması virusun hücre içine girişinin, füzyonunun ve çıkışının engellenmesidir. Plazma tedavisinin erken dönemde (7 gün) kullanılmasının hastalık şiddetini azaltarak hem hastanede kalış süresini kısalttığını hem de sağ kalımı arttırdığını gösteren çalışmalar mevcuttur. Güvenlik ile ilişkili olarak biriken veriler; immun plazma tedavisinin diğer plazma ürünleri ile benzer yan etkilere sahip olduğu yönündedir. İmmun plazmanın, duyarlı kişilerde doğrudan SARS-CoV-2’yi hedefleyebilecek etkili ve hızlı bir tedavi stratejisi olabileceği düşünülmektedir . Bu derlemede güncel veriler ışığında COVID-19 pandemisinde hızla kullanım alanı bulan plazma tedavisi uygulamaları tartışılacaktır.

Keywords

Konvelesan Plazma, COVID-19, antikor, SARS-CoV-2, transfüzyon

Immune Plasma Applications in Covid-19 Treatment

Abstract

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, which is experienced once in a century and whose end is unpredictable, continues unabated around the world. Despite promising vaccine and drug studies, since the pandemic cannot be controlled, immune plasma continues to be up-to-date as one of the alternative treatment options in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The use of healed patient plasma in epidemic diseases is not a new method but has been used in the treatment of many infectious diseases in history. The known mechanism of action of neutralizing antibodies (Nab) in the immune plasma is to prevent the entry, fusion, and exit of the virus into the cell. Studies are showing that the use of plasma therapy in the early period (<7 days) decreases the severity of the disease and reduces the length of hospital stay and increases survival. Data accumulated about security; It is that immune plasma treatment has similar side effects with other plasma products. It is thought that immune plasma can be an effective and rapid treatment strategy that can directly target SARS-CoV-2 in susceptible individuals. In this review, in light of current data, plasma therapy applications that are rapidly used in the COVID-19 pandemic will be discussed.

Keywords

Convalescent plasma, COVID-19, antibody, SARS-CoV-2, transfusion

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