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Varikoseli olan hastalarda Y kromozomu mikrodelesyonu-infertilite ilişkisi

Year 2007, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 15 - 19, 30.04.2009

Abstract

SüleymanDemirel Üniversitesi
TIP FAKÜLTESİ DERGİSİ: 2007 Mart; 14(1)










Varikoseli olan hastalarda Y kromozomu mikrodelesyonu-infertilite ilişkisi



Sevcan Bozdoğan*, Ahmet Dursun*, Çetin Yeşilli**, İlker Seçkiner**,

Feryal Çabuk*, Korhan Altan**, Gürdal Bozdoğan**



*Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Tıbbi Genetik AD, Zonguldak

**Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Üroloji AD, Zonguldak



Özet



Giriş: Varikosel hastalarında spermatogenezi etkileyen patolojik faktörler henüz tam olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Bu hastalarda varikosele eşlik eden testiküler patolojilerin yanı sıra, Y kromozomunun uzun kolunda bulunan mikrodelesyonların da spermatogenezi etkilediği bilinmektedir. Y kromozom mikrodelesyonlarının, oligozoospermi ve azospermiden sorumlu olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, varikoseli olan hastalarda, Y kromozom mikrodelesyonlarının infertilite gelişimine katkısının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Hastalar ve yöntem: Çalışmaya 18'si infertil, 14'ü fertil toplam 32 varikosel hastası dahil edilmiştir. Tüm hastaların spermiogramları yapılmış ve Y kromozomunun Azospermi Faktör-a (AZF-a), Azospermi Faktör-b (AZF-b), Azospermi Faktör-c (AZF-c) bölgeleri mikrodelesyon varlığı açısından değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: 3'ü azospermik olmak üzere 18 hastadan oluşan infertil grubun sperm sayısı 0-104 milyon/ml arasında değişmekte iken (ortalama 37.1 milyon/ml) 14 hastadan oluşan fertil grubun sperm sayısı 7.5-192 (ortalama 75.8) milyon/ml arasında bulunmuştur. İnfertil gruptaki hastaların 4'ünde Azospemi Faktör-a ve Azospemi Faktör-b bölgesinde mikrodelesyonlar tespit edilmiş iken fertil grupta Y kromozom mikrodelesyonuna rastlanmamıştır. Y kromozom mikrodelesyonu olan hastaların, birinin azoospermik olmak üzere ortalama sperm sayılarının 24.8 milyon/ml olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Y kromozomu mikrodelesyonları varikoselli hastalarda da görülebilen ve fertiliteyi etkileyen nedenlerden biridir. Varikoseli olan hastalarda fertilite değerlendirmesi yapılırken, Y kromozom mikrodelesyon olasılığının göz önünde bulundurulması uygun olacaktır. Özellikle post-operatif sperm sayısında artış olmayan varikoselli hastalarda, infertiliteden Y kromozom mikrodelesyonları sorumlu olabilir. Bu şekilde hem infertilite nedeni ortaya konabilecek, hem de varikoselektomi sonrası fertilitenin sağlanması için kullanılacak en uygun yardımcı üreme tekniğinin seçiminde yol gösterici olacaktır.


Anahtar kelimeler: Y kromozom mikrodelesyonu, infertilite, varikosel





Abstract



The association of Y chromosome Microdeletions and Infertility in Patients with Varicocele



Introduction: The pathological factors cause spermatogenesis arrest in varicocele patients still remain unknown. In these patients, both testiculopathies and Y chromosome long arm deletions affect spermatogenesis. Y chromosome microdeletions are known to be responsible for oligozoospermia and azoospermia. In this study, the relation between Y chromosome microdeletion and infertily in varicocele patients aimed to be investigated. Patients and methods:, Thirty-two varicocele patients (14 fertile and 18 infertile) were included in this study. All patients semen analysis were employed and screening for microdeletions in Azospermia Factor-a (AZF-a), Azospermia Factor-b (AZF-b), Azospermia Factor-c (AZF-c) were performed. Results: The sperm count of infertil group (3 of 18 had azoospermia) was between 0-104 million/ml (mean 37.1 million/ml), fertile group's sperm count was between 7.5-192 million/ml (mean 75.8 million/ml). While 4 patients of infertil group had Azospermia Factor-a and Azospermia Factor-b microdeletions, no microdeletion was determined in fertile group. The mean sperm count of 4 patients with microdeletion (one azoospermic) were 24.8 million/ml. Conclusion: Y chromosome microdeletion can be found in varicocele patients and one of the reasons of infertility. When evaluate the fertility in varicocele patients, Y chromosome microdeletion suggested to be taken into consideration. Y choromosome microdeletions could be the reason of infertility in patient with varicocele whose sperm count did not increase after operation. Therefore, not only the cause of infertility would be established, but also the appropriate assisted reproductive technologies would be chosen after varicocelectomy.



Key words: Y chromosome microdeletion, infertility, varicocele

References

  • Chehval MJ, Purcel MH. Deterioration of semen parameters over time in men with untreated varicocele: evidence of progressive testicular damage. Fertil Steril 1992; 57(l): 174-177.
  • Wang YX, Lei C, Dong SG, Chandley AC. , . Study of bilateral histology and meiotic analysis in men undergoing varicocele ligation. Fertil Steril 1991; 55(1): 152-155.
  • Paduch DA, Skoog SJ. Current management of adolescent varicocele. Rev Urol 2001; 3(3): 120-133.
  • Saypol DC, Howards SS, Turner TT, Miller ED Jr. Influence of surgically induced varicocele on testicular blood flow, temperature, and histology in adult rats and dogs. J Clin Invest 1981; 68(1): 39-45.
  • Peng BC, Tomashefsky P, Nagler HM. The co-factor effect: varicocele and infertility. Fertil Steril 1990; 54(I): 143-148.
  • MacLeod J. Seminal cytology in the presence of varicocele. Fertil Steril 1965; 16: 735-757.
  • Turner TT, Jones CE, Roddy MS. Experimental varicocele does not affect the blood-testis barrier, epididymal electrolyte concentrations, or testicular blood gas concentrations. Biol Reprod 1987; 36(4): 926-932.
  • Shafik A, Bedeir GA. Venous tension patterns in cord veins. In normal and varicocele individuals. J Urol 1980; 123(3): 383-385.
  • Sharma RK, Agarwal A. Role of reactive oxygen species in male infertility. Urology 1996; 48(6): 835- 850.
  • Knudson G, Ross L, Stuhldreher D, Houlihan D, Bruns E, Prins G. Prevalence of sperm bound antibodies in infertile men with varicocele: the effect of varicocele ligation on antibody levels and semen response. J Urol 1994; 151(5): 1260-1262.
  • Baccelti B, Collodel G, Piomboni P. Apoptosis in human ejaculated sperm cells (notulae semino-logicae). J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol 1996: 28(4): 587-596.
  • Fujisawa M, Yoshida S, Matsumoto O, Kojima K, Kamidono S Decrease of topoisomerase 1 activity in the testes of infertile men with varicocele. Arch Androl 1988; 21(l): 45- 50.
  • Maurer B, Gromoll J, Simoni M, Nieschlag E. Preval- ence of Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men who consulted a tertiary care medical centre: the Munster experience. Andrologia 2001; 33(1): 27-33.
  • Pryor JL, Kent-First M, Muallem A,. Van Bergen AH, Nolten WE, Meisner L, Roberts KP. Microdeletions in the Y chromosome of infertile men. N Engl J Med 1997; 336(8): 534- 9.
  • Cayan S, Lee D, Black LD, Pera R, Turek PJ. Response to Varicocelectomy in Oligospermic Men with and without Defined Genetic Infertility: Adult Urology 2001; 57:530-535.
  • Peterlin B, Kunej T, Sinkovec J, Gligorievska N, Zorn B. Screening for Y chromosome microdeletions in 226 Slovenian subfertile men. Hum Reprod 2002; 17(1): 17.
  • Krausz C, Quintana L, McElreavey K. Prognostic value of Y deletion analysis. Hum. Reprod 2000; 15(7): 1431-1434
  • Simoni M., Kamischke A., Nieschlag E. Current status of the moleculer diagnosis of Y-chromosomal microdeletions in the workup of male infertility. Initiative for international quality control. Hum. Reprod 1998, 13: 1764-1768.
  • Vogt P. H., Edelmann A., Kirsch S:, Henegariu O., Kiesewetter P., Köhn F.M., Schill WB, Farah S, Ramos C, Hartmann M, Hartschuh W, Meschede D, Behre HM, Castel A, Nieschlag E, Weidner W, Grone HJ, Jung A, Engel W, Haidl G. Human Y chromosome azospermia factor (AZF) mapped to different subregions in Yq11. Hum. Mol. Genet 1996, 5 (7): 933-943 19
  • Moro E, Marin P, Rossi A, Garolla A. Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men with varicocele. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2000,161:67- 71
  • Dada R, Gupta NP, Kucheria K. AZF microdeletions associated with idiopathic and non-idiopathic cases with cryptorchidism and varicocele. Asian J Androl. 2000 Dec; 4(4): 259-63.
  • Rao L, Babu A, Kanakavalli M, et al. Chromosomal Abnormalities and Y Chromosome microdeletions in Infertile Men with Varicocele and Idiopathic Infertiliy of South Indian Origin. J Androl. 2004 Jan-Feb; 25(1):147-53.
Year 2007, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 15 - 19, 30.04.2009

Abstract

References

  • Chehval MJ, Purcel MH. Deterioration of semen parameters over time in men with untreated varicocele: evidence of progressive testicular damage. Fertil Steril 1992; 57(l): 174-177.
  • Wang YX, Lei C, Dong SG, Chandley AC. , . Study of bilateral histology and meiotic analysis in men undergoing varicocele ligation. Fertil Steril 1991; 55(1): 152-155.
  • Paduch DA, Skoog SJ. Current management of adolescent varicocele. Rev Urol 2001; 3(3): 120-133.
  • Saypol DC, Howards SS, Turner TT, Miller ED Jr. Influence of surgically induced varicocele on testicular blood flow, temperature, and histology in adult rats and dogs. J Clin Invest 1981; 68(1): 39-45.
  • Peng BC, Tomashefsky P, Nagler HM. The co-factor effect: varicocele and infertility. Fertil Steril 1990; 54(I): 143-148.
  • MacLeod J. Seminal cytology in the presence of varicocele. Fertil Steril 1965; 16: 735-757.
  • Turner TT, Jones CE, Roddy MS. Experimental varicocele does not affect the blood-testis barrier, epididymal electrolyte concentrations, or testicular blood gas concentrations. Biol Reprod 1987; 36(4): 926-932.
  • Shafik A, Bedeir GA. Venous tension patterns in cord veins. In normal and varicocele individuals. J Urol 1980; 123(3): 383-385.
  • Sharma RK, Agarwal A. Role of reactive oxygen species in male infertility. Urology 1996; 48(6): 835- 850.
  • Knudson G, Ross L, Stuhldreher D, Houlihan D, Bruns E, Prins G. Prevalence of sperm bound antibodies in infertile men with varicocele: the effect of varicocele ligation on antibody levels and semen response. J Urol 1994; 151(5): 1260-1262.
  • Baccelti B, Collodel G, Piomboni P. Apoptosis in human ejaculated sperm cells (notulae semino-logicae). J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol 1996: 28(4): 587-596.
  • Fujisawa M, Yoshida S, Matsumoto O, Kojima K, Kamidono S Decrease of topoisomerase 1 activity in the testes of infertile men with varicocele. Arch Androl 1988; 21(l): 45- 50.
  • Maurer B, Gromoll J, Simoni M, Nieschlag E. Preval- ence of Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men who consulted a tertiary care medical centre: the Munster experience. Andrologia 2001; 33(1): 27-33.
  • Pryor JL, Kent-First M, Muallem A,. Van Bergen AH, Nolten WE, Meisner L, Roberts KP. Microdeletions in the Y chromosome of infertile men. N Engl J Med 1997; 336(8): 534- 9.
  • Cayan S, Lee D, Black LD, Pera R, Turek PJ. Response to Varicocelectomy in Oligospermic Men with and without Defined Genetic Infertility: Adult Urology 2001; 57:530-535.
  • Peterlin B, Kunej T, Sinkovec J, Gligorievska N, Zorn B. Screening for Y chromosome microdeletions in 226 Slovenian subfertile men. Hum Reprod 2002; 17(1): 17.
  • Krausz C, Quintana L, McElreavey K. Prognostic value of Y deletion analysis. Hum. Reprod 2000; 15(7): 1431-1434
  • Simoni M., Kamischke A., Nieschlag E. Current status of the moleculer diagnosis of Y-chromosomal microdeletions in the workup of male infertility. Initiative for international quality control. Hum. Reprod 1998, 13: 1764-1768.
  • Vogt P. H., Edelmann A., Kirsch S:, Henegariu O., Kiesewetter P., Köhn F.M., Schill WB, Farah S, Ramos C, Hartmann M, Hartschuh W, Meschede D, Behre HM, Castel A, Nieschlag E, Weidner W, Grone HJ, Jung A, Engel W, Haidl G. Human Y chromosome azospermia factor (AZF) mapped to different subregions in Yq11. Hum. Mol. Genet 1996, 5 (7): 933-943 19
  • Moro E, Marin P, Rossi A, Garolla A. Y chromosome microdeletions in infertile men with varicocele. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 2000,161:67- 71
  • Dada R, Gupta NP, Kucheria K. AZF microdeletions associated with idiopathic and non-idiopathic cases with cryptorchidism and varicocele. Asian J Androl. 2000 Dec; 4(4): 259-63.
  • Rao L, Babu A, Kanakavalli M, et al. Chromosomal Abnormalities and Y Chromosome microdeletions in Infertile Men with Varicocele and Idiopathic Infertiliy of South Indian Origin. J Androl. 2004 Jan-Feb; 25(1):147-53.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sevcan Bozdoğan This is me

Ahmet Dursun This is me

Çetin Yeşilli This is me

İlker Seçkiner This is me

Feryal Çabuk This is me

Korhan Altan This is me

Gürdal Bozdoğan This is me

Publication Date April 30, 2009
Submission Date April 30, 2009
Published in Issue Year 2007 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Bozdoğan S, Dursun A, Yeşilli Ç, Seçkiner İ, Çabuk F, Altan K, Bozdoğan G. Varikoseli olan hastalarda Y kromozomu mikrodelesyonu-infertilite ilişkisi. Med J SDU. 2009;14(1):15-9.

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