2450 MHz electromagnetic field effect on the rat thyroid tissue; Protective role of selenium and L-Carnitine

Year 2014, Volume: 21 Issue: 4, 133 - 141, 30.12.2014

Ahmet Koyu , Nurhan Gümral , Halil Aşcı , Alpaslan Gökçimen , Meltem Özgöçmen , Nilüfer Özdamar

Abstract

Aim: In this study, protective effects of selenium (SE) and L-Karnitin (L-Kar) on electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by local area networks (WLAN, Wireless) 2450 MHz frequency in thyroid tissue were explored. Material and methods: In study 6 rats each group to total of 30 male Wistar Albino rats were used and divided into 5 groups:1- Control group (no application has been made); 2-Sham group (intraperitoneal (i.p) 0.5ml per day saline); 3- EMF ; 4- EMF+Se (1,5 mg/kg/every other day i.p ) ; 5- EMF+L-Kar (100mg/kg/day i.p). EMF applications of 2450 MHz frequency band was applied as specific absorption rate (SAR) of 54 mW/kg for 28 days to 1 hours per day. At the end of the experiment, blood samples analyzed biochemically and thyroid tissues analyzed histopathologically. Results: As a result of biochemical examination, T3 and T4 levels of the samples taken from the rats applied 2450 MHz EMF group were decreased significantly compared to the sham group (p=0,039 ve p=0,019; respectively) and only T4 hormone levels were decreased significantly compared to control group (p=0,042). In EMF group thyroid follicule degeneration, fibrosis, vascular congestion and mononuclear cell infiltration increased significantly from control and sham groups (p=0,000 ve p=0,002; respectively). In L-carnitine and selenium used groups, we observed the histopathological data of thyroid tissues (P=0,004 ve 0,026; respectively) had recovery and increase in hormone level s(P>0,05). Conclusion: 2450 MHz EMF rats brought negative biochemical and histopathological changes occur in the thyroid gland and it was observed that the protective effect of selenium and L-carnitine against this damage. Thereby, to solve the problems created by exposure of electromagnetic fields according to increasing technological developments, Selenium and L-Carnitine will be useful in nutritional products as a preservative

Keywords

2450 MHz, Electromagnetic field, Thyroid, Selenium, L-Carnitine

2450 MHz Elektromanyetik Alanın Sıçan Tiroid dokusuna etkisi; Selenyum ve L-Karnitinin koruyucu rolü

Abstract

ÖZET
Giriş ve Amaç: Wireless gibi elektromanyetik alan oluşturan cihazların kullanımı ile hematolojik parametrelerin, hormonların ve bağışıklık sisteminin etkilendiğine dair çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kablosuz yerel alan ağlarının (WLAN, Wireless) frekansı olan 2450 MHz' in yaydığı elektromanyetik alanın tiroid dokusuna yapabileceği etkiler üzerine Selenyum (Se) ve L-Karnitinin (L-Kar) koruyucu etkileri araştırıldı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada her grupta 6 rat olmak üzere toplam 30 adet Wistar Albino erkek rat kullanıldı ve 5 gruba ayrıldı: 1- Kontrol grubu (Hiçbir uygulama yapılmadı); 2- Sham grubu (0,5ml/gün serum fizyolojik intraperitoneal (i.p.) uygulandı); 3- EMA; 4- EMA+Se (1,5 mg/kg/günaşırı i.p.) 5- EMR+L-Kar (100 mg/kg/gün i.p.). EMA uygulamaları 2450 MHz frekansında olup 28 gün boyunca günde 1 saat olacak şekilde uygulandı. Deney sonunda ratlardan alınan kanlar biyokimyasal ve eksize edilen tiroid dokuları da, histopatolojik incelendi.

Bulgular: Biyokimyasal incelemeler sonucunda 2450 MHz EMA uygulanan gruptaki ratlardan alınan kanlardan bakılan T3 ve T4 hormon seviyeleri sham grubuna göre anlamlı olarak azalma (p<0,05) gösterirken sadece T4 hormon seviyelerinde kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı azalma saptanmıştır (p<0,05). EMA uygulanan gruptaki ratların kontol ve sham grubundaki ratların tiroid dokusuna göre tiroid foliküllerinde dejenerasyonun, vasküler konjesyon ile fibrozisin ve mononükleer hücre infiltrasyonunun anlamlı bir şekilde arttığı gözlendi (p<0,05). L-Kar ve Se kullanılan gruplardaki ratların tiroid dokularında histopatolojik verilerde düzelme (P<0,05) ve hormon seviyelerinde artış gözlenmiştir (P>0,05).
Sonuç-Tartışma: 2450 MHz EMA'nın sıçan tiroid dokularında önemli biyokimyasal ve histopatolojik olumsuz değişiklikler meydana getirdiği ve bu hasarlara karşı Selenyum ve L-Karnitinin koruyucu özellikte olduğu gözlendi.

Keywords

Elektromanyetik alan, 2450 MHz, tiroid, Selenyum, L-Karnitinin

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