THE EVALUATION OF INTERNET USAGE HABITS AND POSSIBLE INTERNET ADDICTION AND CYBERBULLYING-VICTIMIZATION LEVELS OF SELF-DESTRUCTIVE ADOLESCENTS

Year 2021, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 255 - 262, 15.06.2021

Evrim Aktepe , Orhan Kocaman , Funda Özyay Eroğlu , Emel Özen Yonca Sönmez , Yüksel Eroğlu

https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.757320

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate internet usage habits
and possible internet addiction and the cyberbullying-
victimization levels of adolescents who were
found to engage in self-destructive behaviors.
Material and Methods
This was a case-control study. This study included
a total of 206 adolescents between 14 and 18 years
and they were examined under two groups as ‘self-
destructive adolescents’ (n= 103) and ‘Control’ (n=
103). The Self-Harm Behavior Questionnaire (SHBQ)
was administered to 14- to 18-year-old adolescents
admitted to our outpatient clinic. Then The Internet
Usage Form (IUF), Internet Addiction Inventory (IAI),
and Cyber Victim and Bullying Scale (CVBS) were
administered to both groups.
Results
The case group was found to use significantly more
social networking sites, chatrooms, shopping websites,
and instant messaging sites. The case group was
determined to use the internet significantly more to
establish communication and to access the internet
significantly more every day. When the total scores
and subscale scores of CVBS of the groups were
examined, the case group was determined to have
significantly higher scores. The case group was found
to be significantly more possible internet addicts and
to display significantly more risky internet behaviors.
Conclusions
The self-destructive adolescents in our study who
use the internet in risky ways and are at risk for internet
addiction show that this group is vulnerable to
the dangers of the virtual world. Taking this into consideration,
examining the internet usage habits of self-
destructive adolescents who are assessed in Adolescent
Mental Health Clinics would be a preventive
approach.

Keywords

Internet, adolescent, addiction

KENDİNE ZARAR VEREN ERGENLERİN İNTERNET KULLANIM ALIŞKANLIKLARI İLE OLASI İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI VE SİBER ZORBALIK-MAĞDURİYET DÜZEYLERİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Abstract

Amaç
Bu çalışma kendine zarar verme davranışında bulunan
ergenlerin internet kullanım alışkanlıklarını ve
olası internet bağımlılığı ile siber zorbalık-mağduriyet
düzeylerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Bu bir olgu kontrol çalışmasıydı. Bu çalışma “kendine
zarar veren ergenler” (n = 103) ve “Kontrol” (n = 103)
olmak üzere iki grup altında incelenen 14-18 yaşları
arasındaki toplam 206 ergeni kapsamaktadır. Polikliniğimize
başvuran 14-18 yaş arası ergenlere Kendine
Zarar Verme Davranışı Anketi uygulandı. Daha
sonra her iki gruba İnternet Kullanım Formu, İnternet
Bağımlılığı Envanteri ve Siber Mağdur ve Zorbalık Ölçeği
(CVBS) uygulandı.
Bulgular
Olgu grubunun sosyal paylaşım sitelerini, sohbet odalarını,
alışveriş sitelerini ve anlık mesajlaşmayı sağlayan
siteleri anlamlı oranda daha fazla kullandıkları
saptanmıştır.. Olgu grubunun interneti anlamlı oranda
daha fazla iletişim kurmak için kullandığı ve anlamlı
oranda daha fazla haftanın her günü internete girdikleri
belirlenmiştir. Grupların siber mağdur ve zorbalık
ölçeği toplam puanları ve alt ölçek puanlarına bakıldığında
olgu grubunun anlamlı oranda daha yüksek
puanlar aldıkları belirlenmiştir. Olgu grubunun anlamlı
oranda daha fazla olası internet bağımlısı oldukları ve
anlamlı oranda daha fazla riskli internet davranışları
sergiledikleri bulunmuştur.
Sonuç
Çalışmamızdaki kendine zarar veren ergenlerin interneti
riskli şekilde kullanmaları ve internet bağımlılığı açısından risk altında olmaları bu grubun sanal
dünyadaki tehlikelere açık bir grup olduğunu göstermektedir.
Bu durum göz önüne alındığında ergen ruh
sağlığı polikliniklerinde değerlendirilen kendine zarar
veren ergenlerin internet kullanım özelliklerinin sorgulanması
koruyucu bir yaklaşım olacaktır.

Keywords

Internet, ergen, bağımlılık

References

• References 1. Ceyhan AA. University students' problematic internet useand communication skills according to the internet use purposes. Educational Sciences: Theory&Practice 2011;11:59-77. 2. Cetin AB, Ceyhan AA. Adolescents’ identity experiments on the internet and problematic internet use behavior. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions 2014;1:5-46. 3. Eroglu Y, Guler N. The investigation relationships among contingencies of self-worth, risky internet behaviors and cyberbullying/cybervictimization. Sakarya University Journal of Education 2015;5:118-29. 4. Akca EB, Sayimer I, Ergul S. Middle school students' social media use and their cyberbullying experience: a case study from Ankara. Global Media Journal: Turkish Edition 2015;5:71-86. 5. Aktepe E. Self-injurious behavior in adolescents. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin 2011;10:201-10. 6. Duggan JM, Heath NL, Lewis SP, Baxter AL. An examination of the scope and nature of nonsuicidal self injury online activities: implications for school mental health professionals. School Mental Health 2012;4:56-67. 7. Tseng FY, Yang HJ. Internet use and web communication networks, sources of social support and forms of suicidal and nonsuicidal self injury among adolescents: different patterns between genders. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2015;45:178-91. 8. Kalkan M, Kaygusuz C, editors. Internet addiction problems and solutions. 1nd ed. Ankara: Ani Publishers; 2013. 9. Fischer G, Brunner R, Parzer P, Klug K, Durkee T, Carli V, et all. Depression, deliberate self harm and suicidal behaviour in adolescents engaging in risky and pathological internet use. Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr 2012;61:16-31. 10. Daine K, Hawton K, Singaravelu V, Stewart A, Simkin S, Montgomery P. The power of the web: a systematic review of studies of the influence of the internet on self-harm and suicide in young people. Plos One 2013; 8: e77555. 11. Klonsky ED, Glenn C. Assessing the functions of non-suicidal self-injury: psychometric properties of the inventory of statements about self-injury (ISAS). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 2009;31:215-19. 12. Bildik T, Somer O, Basay BK, Basay O, Ozbaran B. The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the inventory of statements about self-injury. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry 2012;23:49-57. 13. Ybarra ML, Mitchell KJ. Youth engaging in online harrassment: associations with caregiver-child relationships, internet use and personal characteristics. J Adolesc 2004;27:319-36. 14. Nichols LA, Nicki R. Development of a psychometrically sound internet addiction test: a preliminary step. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 2004;18:381-84. 15. Canan F, Ataoglu A, Nichols LA, Yildirim T, Ozturk O. Evaluation of psychometric properties of the internet addiction scale in a sample of Turkish high school students. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, Social Network 2010;13:317-20. 16. Griffiths MD. A components model of addiction within a biopsychosocial framework. Journal of Substance Use 2005;10:191-97. 17. Cetin B, Yaman E, Peker A. Cyber victim and bullying scale: a study of validity and reliability. Computers&Education 2011;57:2261-71. 18. Ybarra ML, Alexander C, Mitchell KJ. Depressive symptomatology, youth internet use, and online interactions: a national survey. J Adolesc Health 2005;36:9-18. 19. Mitchell KJ, Ybarra ML. Online behavior of youth who engage in self harm provides clues for preventive intervention. Prev Med 2007;45:392-6. 20. Helweg-Larsen K, Schütt N, Larsen HB. Predictors and protective factors for adolescent internet victimization: results from a 2008 nation wide Danish youth survey. Acta Paediatr 2012;101:533-9. 21. Liau AK, Khoo A, Ang PH. Factors influencing adolescents engagement in risky internet behavior. CyberPsychology&Behavior 2005;8:513-20. 22. Kirik O. Internet cafes and their problems: research on primary school students, teachers and internet café business managers. (Unpublished observations) Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey, 2007. 23. Yang SC, Tung CJ. Comparison of internet addicts and non-addicts in Taiwanese high school. Computers in Human Behaviour 2007;23:79-96. 24. Gunuc S. Cart and chaid analyses of some variables that predict internet addiction. Turkish Journal of Psychology 2013;28:88-101. 25. Rice E, Winetrobe H, Holloway IW, Montaya J, Plant A, Kordic T. Cell phone internet access, online sexual solicitation, partner seeking and sexual risk behavior among adolescents. Arch Sex Behav 2015;44:755-63. 26. Ozascilar M. Mobile use of young people and individual security: The use of mobile phones of the university students for individual security purposes. Journal of Sociological Research 2012;15:43-74. 27. Peker A. Investigating the predictive role of negative affect on cyberbullying and victimization. Kastamonu Education Journal 2015;23:1633-46. 28. Beebe TJ, Asche SE, Harrison PA, Quinlan KB. Heightened vulnerability and increased risk-taking among adolescent chatroomusers: results from a state wide school survey. J Adolesc Health 2004;35:116-23. 29. Bottino SM, Bottino CM, Regina CG, Correia AV, Ribeiro WS. Cyberbullying and adolescent mental health: systematic review. Cadernos de Saúde Pública 2015;31:463-75. 30. Chang FC, Chiu CH, Lee CM, Chen PH, Miao NF. Predictors of the initiation and persistence of internet addiction among adolescents in Taiwan. Addict Behav 2014;39:1434-40. 31. Aricak OT, Kinay H, Tanrikulu T. The first psychometric findings of cyberbullying scale. HAYEF Journal of Education 2012;17:101-14. 32. Ceyhan E. Predictiveness of identity status, main internet use purposes and gender on university students’ the problematic internet use. Educational Sciences: Theory&Practice 2010;10:1323-55. 33. Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Lewis RF. Frequent use of social networking sites is associated with poor psychological functioning among children and adolescent. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, Social Network 2015;18:380-5. 34. Muehlenkamp J, Brausch A, Quigley K, Whitlock J. Interpersonal features and functions of nonsuicidal self-injury. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2013;43:67-80. 35. Akbulut Y. Developmental implications of computer and internet use among children and adolescents. Trakya University Journal of Education 2013;3:53-68. 36. Lam LT, Peng Z, Mai J, Jing J. The association between internet addiction and self-injurious behaviour among adolescents. Inj Prev 2009;15:403-8. 37. Aktepe E, Dundar NO, Soyoz O, Sonmez Y. Possible internet addiction in high school students in the city center of Isparta and associated factors: a cross-sectional study. Turk J Pediatr 2013;55:417-25. 38. Oktan V. Investigation of self-injuriousbehavior in adolescents in terms of risk-taking behavior and self-esteem. Education and Science 2014;175:183-91. 39. Messina ES, Iwasaki Y. Internet use and self-injurious behaviors among adolescents and young adults: an interdisciplinary literature review and implications for health professionals. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, Social Network 2011;14:161-8.