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Physico-Mechanical Properties of Pellets Made of Peach Pit and Lignite Coal Dust

Year 2018, 1. Uluslararası Tarımsal Yapılar ve Sulama Kongresi Özel Sayısı, 274 - 280, 31.12.2018

Abstract

In this study, peach pit (PP) with Lignite Coal Dust-coal powder (CP) at specific ratios were pelletized by a pelletizing machine having flat die and roller with a capacity of 50-60 kg/h. The pellet die had an inlet hole diameter of 11 mm, an outlet hole diameter of 7 mm and a die height of 25 mm. The pellets mixtures was prepared as 100% CP, 90%CP+10%PP, 75%CP+25%PP, 50%CP+50%PP, 25%CP+75%PP, 10%CP+90%PP, and 100%PP as dry weight basis. The results showed that pellet particle density varied from 647.3 to 1059.15 kg/m3 and increased with increase in the CP in the mixtures. Durability resistance of the pellets ranged from 67.70 to 92.72%. The least durability resistant pellet (67.60%) was the one having the proportion of CP of 100% in the mixture. Durability resistant increased with increase in PP in the mixture.  The least shatter resistant pellet was the one having CP of 100% in the mixture. The highest shatter resistant pellet was the one having the mixture of 100% of PP. 

References

  • Acaroğlu, M., 2007. Alternatif Enerji Kaynakları. Nobel Yayın No: 1253, 609s, Ankara.
  • Adapa, P. K., Singh, A. K., Schoenau, G. J. ve Tabil, L. G. 2006. Pelleting characteristics of fractionated alfalfa grinds: hardness models. Power Handling and Processing, 18 (5): 1-6
  • Al-Widyan MI, Al-Jalil HF. Stress–density relationship and energy requirement of compressed olive cake. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 2001;17:749–53.
  • Anonim, 2006. Türkiye’nin Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynakları. Türkiye Çevre Vakfı, Yayın No: 175, 368s, Ankara. ASAE S269.4 DEC96. 1998. Cubes, Pellets, and Crumbles—Definitions and Methods for Determining Density, Durability, and Moisture Content.
  • ASAE S269.4 DEC96. 1998. Cubes, Pellets, and Crumbles-Definitions andMethods for Determining Density, Durability, and Moisture Content.
  • Başçetinçelik, A., Öztürk, H.H., Karaca, C., Kacıra, M., Ekinci, K., Kaya, D., Baban, A. 2005. First Progress Report of Exploitation of Agricultural Residues in Turkey, LIFE03TCY/TR/000061.
  • Başçetinçelik, A., Karaca, C., Öztürk, H.H., Kacıra, M., Ekinci, K., 2005 “Agricultural Biomass Potential in Turkey”, Proceedings of the 9th International Congress on Mechanization and Energy in Agriculture & 27th International Conference of CIGR Section IV: The Efficient Use of Electricity and Renewable Energy Sources in Agriculture, Sep.27-29, 2005, İzmir-TURKEY.
  • Başçetinçelik A., Ozturk H. H., Ekinci K., Kaya D., Kacira M., Karaca C., 2009b. Assessment of the applicability of EU biomass technologies in Turkey. Energy Exploration & Exploitation, 27(4), 295-306.
  • Fasina OO, Sokhansanj S. 1996. Storage and handling characteristics of alfalfa pellets. Powder Handling and Processing;8:361–5Goswami DY, Kreith F (2007) Global energy system. In: Kreith F, Goswami DY (Eds), Handbook of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. CRC Press, Florida, pp: 1-20.
  • IEA, 2006. World Energy Outlook. International EnergyAgency, Paris
  • IPCC, 2000. Special report on emission scenarios. A Special Report of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/special-reports/emissions_scenarios.pdf (Erişim tarihi: 08.06.2017).
  • Karkania, V., Fanara, E., Zabaniotou, A. 2012. Review of sustainable biomass pellets production – A study for agricultural residues pellets’ market in Greece, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (2012) 1426– 1436.
  • Kaliyan, N., ve Morey, R.V. 2009. Factor affecting strength and durability of densified biomass products. Biomass and Bioenergy, 33: 337-359.
  • Kaliyan, N., ve Morey, R.V. 2009. Factor affecting strength and durability of densified biomass products. Biomass and Bioenergy, 33: 337-359.
  • Khankari KK, Shrivastava M, Morey RV. 1989. Densification characteristics of rice hulls. ASAE paper no. 89-6093. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE;.
  • Khoshtaghaza MH, Sokhansanj S, Gossen BD., 1999. Quality of alfalfa cubes during shipping and storage. Applied Engineering in Agriculture;15:671–6.
  • Liu, X., Liu, Z., Fei, B., Cai, Z., Jiang, Z., ve Liu, X. 2013 Comparative properties bamboo, rice straw pellets. Bio Resource, 8(1): 638-647.
  • Liu, Z., Quek, A., ve Balasubramanian, R. 2014. Preparation and characterization of fuel pellets from woody biomass,agro-residues and their corresponding hydrochars. Applied Energy, 113: 1315-1322.
  • Öztürk, H. H., 2008. Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynakları ve Kullanımı. Teknik Yayınevi, 367s, Ankara.
  • Pietsch W. 2002.Agglomeration processes – phenomena, technologies, equipment. Weinheim: Wiley-VCHProchnow, A., Heiermann, M., Plöchl, M., Amon, T., Hobbs, P.J. Bioenergy from Permanent Grassland – A Review: 2. Combustion. Bioresource Technology, 100, 2009, 4945-4954.
  • Sah P, Singh B, Agrawal U. 1980 Compaction behavior of straw. Journal of Agricultural Engineering – India 1980;18:89–96.
  • Shrivastava M, Shrivastava P, Khankari KK. 1989. Densification characteristics of rice husk under cold and hot compression. In: Dodd VA, Grace PM, editors.
  • Agricultural Engineering: proceedings of the 11th international congress on agricultural engineering, Dublin, 4–8 September 1989. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema Pub; 1989. p. 2441–3.
  • Sözer, S., Yaldız, O., 2006. A research about the Biogas production from cattle manure and mixtures. Akdeniz University, Agriculture Faculty Periodical, 19(2): 179-183.
  • Tabil, L.G.,ve Sokhansanj, S. 1996. Pocess conditions affecting the physical quality of alfalfa pellets. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 12: 345-350.
  • Tosun, İ., Gönüllü, M.T., Arslankaya, E., 2002, Gülyağı Sanayi Proses Atıkları Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi, 1.Ulusal Çevre Sorunları Sempozyumu, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Çevre Sorunları Araştırma Merkezi Müdürlüğü, 1, 864-873, 16-18 Ekim 2002, Erzurum.
  • Yılmaz H. 2014. Bazı Tarımsal Artıkların Peletlenmesi ve Pelet Fiziksel Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarım Makinaları ve Teknolojileri Mühendisliği A.B.D., 2001.
  • Vinterback J. Pellets 2002: the first world conference on pellets. Biomass Bioenergy 2004;27(6):513e20. Elsevier Ltd., Oxford, UK.

Şeftali Çekirdeği ve Linyit Kömür Tozundan Yapilan Peletlerin Fiziko Mekanik Özellikleri

Year 2018, 1. Uluslararası Tarımsal Yapılar ve Sulama Kongresi Özel Sayısı, 274 - 280, 31.12.2018

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, şeftali çekirdeği (SÇ) ile linyit kömür tozunun
(LKT) farklı karışım elde edilmiş ve 3 kW motor gücüne sahip (redüktör dönü
sayısı: 96 devir/dakika), işleme kapasitesi 50-60 kg/h olan, dairesel sıralı
delikli düz kalıp olan peletleme makinesinde peletlenmiştir. Pelet kalıbının
giriş delik çapı 11 mm, çıkış delik çapı 7 mm ve kalıp boyu 25 mm'dir. Peletler
%100 ŞÇ, % 90ŞÇ +%10 LKT, %75CP+%25 LKT, % 50ŞÇ +% 50LKT, % 25ŞÇ +%75 LKT, %10
ŞÇ +%90 LKT ve %100 LKT karışım oranlarında kuru halde peletlenmiştir. Pelet
parça yoğunlukları 647.03 ile 1059.15 kg/m3 arasında değişmiştir. En
düşük dayanıklılık direnci (%67.60) %100 LKT’da meydana gelmiştir. Şeftali
çekirdeğinin artmasıyla dayanılılık direnci artmıştır. En yüksek kırılma
direnci % 100 seftali çekirdeğinde (%99.57) meydana gelmiştir.

References

  • Acaroğlu, M., 2007. Alternatif Enerji Kaynakları. Nobel Yayın No: 1253, 609s, Ankara.
  • Adapa, P. K., Singh, A. K., Schoenau, G. J. ve Tabil, L. G. 2006. Pelleting characteristics of fractionated alfalfa grinds: hardness models. Power Handling and Processing, 18 (5): 1-6
  • Al-Widyan MI, Al-Jalil HF. Stress–density relationship and energy requirement of compressed olive cake. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 2001;17:749–53.
  • Anonim, 2006. Türkiye’nin Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynakları. Türkiye Çevre Vakfı, Yayın No: 175, 368s, Ankara. ASAE S269.4 DEC96. 1998. Cubes, Pellets, and Crumbles—Definitions and Methods for Determining Density, Durability, and Moisture Content.
  • ASAE S269.4 DEC96. 1998. Cubes, Pellets, and Crumbles-Definitions andMethods for Determining Density, Durability, and Moisture Content.
  • Başçetinçelik, A., Öztürk, H.H., Karaca, C., Kacıra, M., Ekinci, K., Kaya, D., Baban, A. 2005. First Progress Report of Exploitation of Agricultural Residues in Turkey, LIFE03TCY/TR/000061.
  • Başçetinçelik, A., Karaca, C., Öztürk, H.H., Kacıra, M., Ekinci, K., 2005 “Agricultural Biomass Potential in Turkey”, Proceedings of the 9th International Congress on Mechanization and Energy in Agriculture & 27th International Conference of CIGR Section IV: The Efficient Use of Electricity and Renewable Energy Sources in Agriculture, Sep.27-29, 2005, İzmir-TURKEY.
  • Başçetinçelik A., Ozturk H. H., Ekinci K., Kaya D., Kacira M., Karaca C., 2009b. Assessment of the applicability of EU biomass technologies in Turkey. Energy Exploration & Exploitation, 27(4), 295-306.
  • Fasina OO, Sokhansanj S. 1996. Storage and handling characteristics of alfalfa pellets. Powder Handling and Processing;8:361–5Goswami DY, Kreith F (2007) Global energy system. In: Kreith F, Goswami DY (Eds), Handbook of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. CRC Press, Florida, pp: 1-20.
  • IEA, 2006. World Energy Outlook. International EnergyAgency, Paris
  • IPCC, 2000. Special report on emission scenarios. A Special Report of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/special-reports/emissions_scenarios.pdf (Erişim tarihi: 08.06.2017).
  • Karkania, V., Fanara, E., Zabaniotou, A. 2012. Review of sustainable biomass pellets production – A study for agricultural residues pellets’ market in Greece, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (2012) 1426– 1436.
  • Kaliyan, N., ve Morey, R.V. 2009. Factor affecting strength and durability of densified biomass products. Biomass and Bioenergy, 33: 337-359.
  • Kaliyan, N., ve Morey, R.V. 2009. Factor affecting strength and durability of densified biomass products. Biomass and Bioenergy, 33: 337-359.
  • Khankari KK, Shrivastava M, Morey RV. 1989. Densification characteristics of rice hulls. ASAE paper no. 89-6093. St. Joseph, MI: ASABE;.
  • Khoshtaghaza MH, Sokhansanj S, Gossen BD., 1999. Quality of alfalfa cubes during shipping and storage. Applied Engineering in Agriculture;15:671–6.
  • Liu, X., Liu, Z., Fei, B., Cai, Z., Jiang, Z., ve Liu, X. 2013 Comparative properties bamboo, rice straw pellets. Bio Resource, 8(1): 638-647.
  • Liu, Z., Quek, A., ve Balasubramanian, R. 2014. Preparation and characterization of fuel pellets from woody biomass,agro-residues and their corresponding hydrochars. Applied Energy, 113: 1315-1322.
  • Öztürk, H. H., 2008. Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynakları ve Kullanımı. Teknik Yayınevi, 367s, Ankara.
  • Pietsch W. 2002.Agglomeration processes – phenomena, technologies, equipment. Weinheim: Wiley-VCHProchnow, A., Heiermann, M., Plöchl, M., Amon, T., Hobbs, P.J. Bioenergy from Permanent Grassland – A Review: 2. Combustion. Bioresource Technology, 100, 2009, 4945-4954.
  • Sah P, Singh B, Agrawal U. 1980 Compaction behavior of straw. Journal of Agricultural Engineering – India 1980;18:89–96.
  • Shrivastava M, Shrivastava P, Khankari KK. 1989. Densification characteristics of rice husk under cold and hot compression. In: Dodd VA, Grace PM, editors.
  • Agricultural Engineering: proceedings of the 11th international congress on agricultural engineering, Dublin, 4–8 September 1989. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema Pub; 1989. p. 2441–3.
  • Sözer, S., Yaldız, O., 2006. A research about the Biogas production from cattle manure and mixtures. Akdeniz University, Agriculture Faculty Periodical, 19(2): 179-183.
  • Tabil, L.G.,ve Sokhansanj, S. 1996. Pocess conditions affecting the physical quality of alfalfa pellets. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 12: 345-350.
  • Tosun, İ., Gönüllü, M.T., Arslankaya, E., 2002, Gülyağı Sanayi Proses Atıkları Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi, 1.Ulusal Çevre Sorunları Sempozyumu, Atatürk Üniversitesi, Çevre Sorunları Araştırma Merkezi Müdürlüğü, 1, 864-873, 16-18 Ekim 2002, Erzurum.
  • Yılmaz H. 2014. Bazı Tarımsal Artıkların Peletlenmesi ve Pelet Fiziksel Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarım Makinaları ve Teknolojileri Mühendisliği A.B.D., 2001.
  • Vinterback J. Pellets 2002: the first world conference on pellets. Biomass Bioenergy 2004;27(6):513e20. Elsevier Ltd., Oxford, UK.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Research
Authors

Serdar Üçok

Orhan A. Atay This is me

Kamil Ekinci

Hüseyin Kaçar This is me

Barbaros S. Kumbul This is me

Ali Aybek

Publication Date December 31, 2018
Submission Date August 6, 2018
Acceptance Date November 29, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 1. Uluslararası Tarımsal Yapılar ve Sulama Kongresi Özel Sayısı

Cite

APA Üçok, S., Atay, O. A., Ekinci, K., Kaçar, H., et al. (2018). Şeftali Çekirdeği ve Linyit Kömür Tozundan Yapilan Peletlerin Fiziko Mekanik Özellikleri. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi274-280.

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