Effect of Tween-20 Adding to Distillation Water on Rose Oil Yield and Quality in Fresh and Fermented flowers of Oil-bearing Rose (Rosa damascena Mill.)

Year 2007, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 15 - 20, 30.06.2007

Hasan Baydar Sabri Erbaş Süleyman Kıneci Soner Kazaz

Abstract

Oil-bearing rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) is the most important species, producing a highvalue
aromatic oil, which is used in the fragrance and cosmetic industries. The aim of this study was
to determine the influence of Tween-20 during hydro-distillation on essential oil yield and quality in
fresh and fermented flowers of oil-bearing rose grown in Isparta region. Essential oils produced by
Clevenger hydro-distillation were analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. Rose oil yield changed from
0.025% to 0.035%. Oil yield increased with Tween-20 application and decreased with fermentation.
The rose oils distilled from fermented flowers had lower percentages of linalool, geranial, geranyl
acetate, nerol, geraniol, phenylethyl alcohol and farnesol, and higher percentages of cis-rosenoxide,
citronellyl acetate, citronellol, phenylethyl acetate, nonadecane, nonedecene, eicosane, methyl
eugenol, heneicocane and tricosane than the oils distilled from fresh flowers. It was necessary to
distillate the fresh flowers without waiting in order to get high quality. Furthermore, the oil yield
could be increased by Tween-20 treatment during the hydro-distillation.

Keywords

Oil-bearing rose, Rosa damascena Mill., fermentation, Tween-20, essential oil composition

Yağ Gülü (Rosa damascena Mill.) Damıtma Suyuna Katılan Tween-20’nin Taze ve Fermente Olmuş Çiçeklerin Gül Yağı Verimi ve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Yağ gülü (Rosa damascena Mill.), sahip olduğu yüksek kalitedeki koku bileşenleri nedeniyle
parfüm ve kozmetik endüstrisinde değerlendirilen en önemli kokulu gül türüdür. Bu araştırma, Isparta
yöresinde yetiştirilen yağ gülünde damıtma suyuna katılan Tween-20 maddesinin taze ve fermente
olmuş çiçeklerin uçucu yağ verimi ve kalitesi üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Clevenger hidro-distilasyon cihazında damıtma ile elde edilen uçucu yağların kompozisyonu gaz
kromatografisi (GC/FID ve GC/MS) ile belirlenmiştir. Gül çiçeklerinin gülyağı verimi %0.025-0.035
arasında bulunmuştur. Gül yağı verimi Tween-20 uygulaması ile birlikte artmış, fermentasyon ile
birlikte azaltmıştır. Taze çiçeklerden elde edilen gül yağları ile karşılaştırıldığında, 12 saat süreyle
bekletilen (fermente olmuş) çiçeklerden elde edilen gül yağlarında linalool, geranial, geranil asetat,
nerol, geraniol, 2-feniletilalkol ve farnesol oranları azalırken, cis-rosenoksit, sitronellil asetat,
sitronellol, feniletil asetat, nonadesan, nonedesen, eikosan, metil öjenol, heneikosan ve trikosan
oranları artmıştır. Yüksek kalitede gül yağı üretimi için gül çiçeklerinin bekletilmeden, mümkün
olduğunca taze olarak damıtılması gerektiği ve damıtma suyuna Tween-20 katarak yağ veriminin
artırılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

Yağ gülü, Rosa damascena Mill., fermentasyon, Tween-20, uçucu yağ kompozisyonu

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