The Effect of Different Surface Treatments on the Color Stabilities of Lithium Disilicate Material

Year 2023, , 395 - 400, 21.08.2023

Onur Doğan Dağ , Göknil Alkan Demetoğlu , Ayşegül Kurt

https://doi.org/10.15311/selcukdentj.1139154

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı yüzey işlemlerinden sonra yapıştırılan lityum disilikat restorasyonlarda zamanla oluşabilecek renk değişiminin spektrofotometre ile ölçülerek klinik olarak kabul edilebilirliğini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda kullandığımız lityum disilikat materyali 1 milimetre kalınlığında numuneler şeklinde hazırlandı. Hazırlanan örneklerden, her biri rastgele seçilmiş 21 örnek içeren üç grup oluşturuldu. Birinci grup, üretici tarafından tavsiye edilen fosforik asit ile işlem gördü. İkinci gruptaki örnekler Er:YAG lazere tabi tutuldu. Üçüncü gruptaki örneklere ise Nd:YAG lazer uygulandı. Gruplardaki yüzey değişiklikleri taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve atomik kuvvet mikroskobu (AFM) ile değerlendirildi. Numuneler, renk değişimi ölçümü için adeziv rezin siman ile arka plan malzemesine yapıştırıldı. Yapıştırılan numunelerin ilk renk ölçümü spektrofotometre ile yapıldı. Numuneler, termal döngü cihazında 10.000 döngü ile yaşlandırıldı. Yaşlandırma sonrası ikinci renk ölçümü aynı spektrofotometre ile yapıldı.
Bulgular: Termal döngü ile yaşlandırma sonrasında tüm gruplarda klinik olarak kabul edilebilir bir renk değişimi olmuştur. Nd:YAG lazer ile işlem gören grup daha iyi renk kararlılığı göstermiştir (p<0.05). SEM ve AFM görüntüleri incelendiğinde fosforik asit uygulanan grubun lazer gruplarına göre farklı yüzey morfolojisine sahip olduğu gözlendi.
Sonuç: Farklı yüzey işlemlerinden sonra yapıştırılan lityum disilikat örneklerde renk değişiminin klinik olarak kabul edilebilir olduğu belirlenmiştir. Nd: YAG lazer ile işlem görmüş örnekler en iyi renk stabilitesine sahiptir.

Keywords

Lityum disilikat, Atomik kuvvet mikroskopisi, Lazerler, Yaşlanma, Renk

Supporting Institution

Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Araştırma Destek Birimi

Project Number

DHF-003

Thanks

Prof. Dr. Musa Şamil Akyıl'a bilimsel danışmanlığından dolayı teşekkür ederiz.

The Effect of Different Surface Treatments on the Color Stabilities of Lithium Disilicate Material

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical acceptability of the color change that may occur in time about full ceramic materials used for aesthetic restorations, which are bonded after different surface conditioning processes, by measuring with spectrophotometer.
Methods: The lithium disilicate CAD material we used in our work was prepared with isomet in the form of 1-millimeter-thick specimens. Three random groups of 21 specimens were selected from the specimens. One of these groups was conditioned with phosphoric acid, which is recommended by the manufacturer. Er:YAG laser was applied to the second group. The third group was conditioned by Nd:YAG laser. Surface changes in the groups were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). The specimens were bonded with the adhesive resin cement to the background material for color change measurement. The first color measurement of the bonded specimens was done by spectrophotometer. The specimens were aged at 10,000 cycles in the thermal cycle device. The second color measurement after aging was done with the same spectrophotometer.
Results: After aging with thermal cycle, there was a clinically acceptable color change in all groups. The Nd:YAG laser group presented better color stability (p<0.05). The SEM and AFM images presented different surface morphology on laser groups.
Conclusion: It has been determined that the color change in the lithium disilicate material bonded after different surface conditioning processes is clinically acceptable. The specimens conditioned with Nd: YAG have the best color stability.

Keywords

Lithium disilicate, Atomic force microscopy, Lasers, Aging, Color

Project Number

DHF-003

References

• 1. Spitznagel F, Boldt J, Gierthmuehlen P. CAD/CAM ceramic restorative materials for natural teeth. Journal of dental research. 2018;97(10):1082-91.
• 2. Pires LA, Novais PM, Araújo VD, Pegoraro LF. Effects of the type and thickness of ceramic, substrate, and cement on the optical color of a lithium disilicate ceramic. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2017;117(1):144-9.
• 3. Kilinc E, Antonson SA, Hardigan PC, Kesercioglu A. Resin cement color stability and its influence on the final shade of all-ceramics. Journal of dentistry. 2011;39:e30-e6.
• 4. Vohra F, Labban N, Al-Hussaini A, Al-Jarboua M, Zawawi R, Alrahlah A, et al. Influence of Er; Cr: YSGG laser on shear bond strength and color stability of lithium disilicate ceramics: an in vitro study. Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery. 2019;37(8):483-8.
• 5. Turgut S, Bagis B, Ayaz EA, Korkmaz FM, Ulusoy KU, Bagis YH. How will surface treatments affect the translucency of porcelain laminate veneers? The journal of advanced prosthodontics. 2014;6(1):8-13.
• 6. Turgut S, Bağış B, Korkmaz FM, Tamam E. Do surface treatments affect the optical properties of ceramic veneers? The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2014;112(3):618-24.
• 7. Jang Y, Ferracane J, Pfeifer C, Park J, Shin Y, Roh B. Effect of insufficient light exposure on polymerization kinetics of conventional and self-adhesive dual-cure resin cements. Operative dentistry. 2017;42(1):E1-E9.
• 8. Alkurt M, Duymus ZY. Comparison to Color Stability Between Amine with Benzoyl Peroxide Includes Resin Cement and Amine-reduced, Amine-free, Lacking of Benzoyl Peroxide Resin Cements After Thermocycle. Journal of Advanced Oral Research. 2018;9(1-2):24-30.
• 9. Atay A, Palazli Z, Gürdal I, Üşümez A. Color Change of Different Dual-Cure Resin Cements After Thermocycling. Odovtos-International Journal of Dental Sciences. 2019;21(2):53-62.
• 10. Mirhashemi A, Sharifi N, Moharrami M, Chiniforush N. Evaluation of different types of lasers in surface conditioning of porcelains: A review article. Journal of lasers in medical sciences. 2017;8(3):101.
• 11. Mesmar S, Ruse ND. Interfacial Fracture Toughness of Adhesive Resin Cement—Lithium‐Disilicate/Resin‐Composite Blocks. Journal of Prosthodontics. 2019;28(1):e243-e51.
• 12. Ayad MF, Fahmy NZ, Rosenstiel SF. Effect of surface treatment on roughness and bond strength of a heat-pressed ceramic. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2008;99(2):123-30.
• 13. Zogheib LV, Bona AD, Kimpara ET, Mccabe JF. Effect of hydrofluoric acid etching duration on the roughness and flexural strength of a lithium disilicate-based glass ceramic. Brazilian dental journal. 2011;22(1):45-50.
• 14. Kara HB, Kara O, Sayin G, Çakan U, Ozturk A. Atomic force microscopy investigation of lithium disilicate glass ceramic after various surface treatments. Advances in Applied Ceramics. 2014;113(5):301-6.
• 15. Kara HB, Dilber E, Koc O, Ozturk AN, Bulbul M. Effect of different surface treatments on roughness of IPS Empress 2 ceramic. Lasers in medical science. 2012;27(2):267-72.
• 16. Poosti M, Jahanbin A, Mahdavi P, Mehrnoush S. Porcelain conditioning with Nd: YAG and Er: YAG laser for bracket bonding in orthodontics. Lasers in medical science. 2012;27(2):321-4.
• 17. Viskic J, Jokic D, Jakovljevic S, Bergman L, Ortolan SM, Mestrovic S, et al. Scanning electron microscope comparative surface evaluation of glazed-lithium disilicate ceramics under different irradiation settings of Nd: YAG and Er: YAG lasers. The Angle Orthodontist. 2018;88(1):75-81.
• 18. Sarac D, Sarac YS, Külünk S, Erkocak A. Effect of various surface treatments on the bond strength of porcelain repair. International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry. 2013;33(4).
• 19. Erdemir U, Sancakli HS, Sancakli E, Eren MM, Ozel S, Yucel T, et al. Shear bond strength of a new self-adhering flowable composite resin for lithium disilicate-reinforced CAD/CAM ceramic material. The journal of advanced prosthodontics. 2014;6(6):434.
• 20. Ozen F, Demirkol N, Oz OP. Effect of surface finishing treatments on the color stability of CAD/CAM materials. The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics. 2020;12(3):150.
• 21. Bayindir F, Koseoglu M. The effect of restoration thickness and resin cement shade on the color and translucency of a high-translucency monolithic zirconia. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2020;123(1):149-54.
• 22. Masuda T, Nomoto S, Sato T, Kanda Y, Sakai T, Tsuyuki Y. Effect of Differences in Axial Thickness and Type of Cement on Fracture Resistance in Composite Resin CAD/CAM Crowns. The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College. 2019:2018-0022.
• 23. Hou Y, Shen R, Chen L, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Li J, et al. Shear bond strength of different CAD/CAM ceramics: acid vs Er: YAG laser etching. Photomedicine and laser surgery. 2018;36(11):614-20.
• 24. El-Bahie DM, Shebl AA, Habib AN. Color Stability of Two Types of Dental Resin Cements and its Effect on the Color Change of the Ceramic Laminate Veneer with Two Different Thicknesses. Suez Canal University Medical Journal. 2017;20(1):98-102.
• 25. Kim IJ, Lee YK. Changes in color and color parameters of dental resin composites after polymerization. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials: An Official Journal of The Society for Biomaterials, The Japanese Society for Biomaterials, and The Australian Society for Biomaterials and the Korean Society for Biomaterials. 2007;80(2):541-6.
• 26. Palla E-S, Kontonasaki E, Kantiranis N, Papadopoulou L, Zorba T, Paraskevopoulos KM, et al. Color stability of lithium disilicate ceramics after aging and immersion in common beverages. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2018;119(4):632-42.
• 27. Dos Santos DM, da Silva EVF, Watanabe D, Bitencourt SB, Guiotti AM, Goiato MC. Effect of different acidic solutions on the optical behavior of lithium disilicate ceramics. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2017;118(3):430-6.
• 28. Jafari Z, Alaghehmand H, Samani Y, Mahdian M, Khafri S. Light transmittance of CAD/CAM ceramics with different shades and thicknesses and microhardness of the underlying light-cured resin cement. Restorative dentistry & endodontics. 2018;43(3).
• 29. Khashayar G, Bain PA, Salari S, Dozic A, Kleverlaan CJ, Feilzer AJ. Perceptibility and acceptability thresholds for colour differences in dentistry. Journal of dentistry. 2014;42(6):637-44.
• 30. Hoorizad M, Valizadeh S, Heshmat H, Tabatabaei SF, Shakeri T. Influence of resin cement on color stability of ceramic veneers: in vitro study. Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry. 2021;8(1):11-7.
• 31. Montero J, Gómez‐Polo C, Santos JA. Effect of ceramic veneer thickness and cement shade on the CIELAB system after bonding—an in vitro study. Color Research & Application. 2016;41(6):642-8.
• 32. ISO E. Dental Materials–Determination of colour stability. 2001.
• 33. Mehmeti B, Haliti F, Azizi B, Kelmendi J, Iljazi-Shahiqi D, Jakovljević S, et al. Influence of different orthodontic brackets and chemical preparations of ceramic crowns on shear bond strength. Australasian Medical Journal (Online). 2018;11(2):107-12.
• 34. Maruo Y, Nishigawa G, Irie M, Yoshihara K, Matsumoto T, Minagi S. Does acid etching morphologically and chemically affect lithium disilicate glass ceramic surfaces? Journal of applied biomaterials & functional materials. 2017;15(1):93-100.
• 35. Ramakrishnaiah R, Alkheraif AA, Divakar DD, Matinlinna JP, Vallittu PK. The effect of hydrofluoric acid etching duration on the surface micromorphology, roughness, and wettability of dental ceramics. International journal of molecular sciences. 2016;17(6):822.
• 36. Özcan M, Allahbeickaraghi A, Dündar M. Possible hazardous effects of hydrofluoric acid and recommendations for treatment approach: a review. Clinical oral investigations. 2012;16(1):15-23.
• 37. Kameyama A, Haruyama A, Tanaka A, Noro A, Takahashi T, Yoshinari M, et al. Repair Bond Strength of a Resin Composite to Plasma-Treated or UV-Irradiated CAD/CAM Ceramic Surface. Coatings. 2018;8(7):230.
• 38. Mina NR, Baba NZ, Al-Harbi FA, Elgezawi MF, Daou M. The influence of simulated aging on the color stability of composite resin cements. The Journal of prosthetic dentistry. 2019;121(2):306-10.