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The Effects of Seasons on The Area Usage of Animals and Time Budget in Loose and Free Stall Dairy Cattle Barns
Abstract
Realizing design of appropriate structure for cow comfort is important to increase animal production. This study has been carried out to determine annual time budget and shelter area choice of cows between 2006 and 2008 in Konya. Behavior of animals has been investigated in two dairy cattle companies which have loose and free stall livestock buildings. It has taken 80 days (1920 h) totally, 40 days per company. Fourty days have been decided to represent 4 seasons (10 C days per season). Behavior of cows has been observed by recording during 24 hours of a day with video cameras mounted at suitable places in investigated parts. Seasonal time budget and shelter field choice of cows has been determined for each shelter company. Time budget of cows in loose barn has been determined as 42.4 % laying, 11.1 % standing, 32.3 % feeding, 1.6 % drinking, 6.3 % locomotion, 1.7 % other behaviors and 4.6 % milking. In free stall barn; 45.4 % laying, 13.7 % stand-ing, 25.4 % feeding, 1.7 % drinking, 9.9 % locomotion, 1.3 % other behaviors, and 2.6 % milking. Furthermore, annu-al average field usage of dairy cattle has been determined as 5.84 h resting area, 8.92 h courtyard, 7.74 h feedlot, 1.5 h water cup and milking area in loose shelter. In free stall barn, field usage has been determined as 3.33 h cubicle, 12.22 h courtyard, 1.30 h service road, 6.09 h feedlot, 1.06 h water cup and milking area. In conclusion, it has been ob-served that cows used closed fields and cubicle of shelter less than open field of shelter.
Keywords
Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section
Research Article
Publication Date
April 25, 2009
Submission Date
January 1, 2009
Acceptance Date
-
Published in Issue
Year 2009 Volume: 23 Number: 47
APA
Uzal, S., & Uğurlu, N. (2009). The Effects of Seasons on The Area Usage of Animals and Time Budget in Loose and Free Stall Dairy Cattle Barns. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 23(47), 27-37. https://izlik.org/JA24HS95UW
AMA
1.Uzal S, Uğurlu N. The Effects of Seasons on The Area Usage of Animals and Time Budget in Loose and Free Stall Dairy Cattle Barns. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci. 2009;23(47):27-37. https://izlik.org/JA24HS95UW
Chicago
Uzal, Selda, and Nuh Uğurlu. 2009. “The Effects of Seasons on The Area Usage of Animals and Time Budget in Loose and Free Stall Dairy Cattle Barns”. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 23 (47): 27-37. https://izlik.org/JA24HS95UW.
EndNote
Uzal S, Uğurlu N (April 1, 2009) The Effects of Seasons on The Area Usage of Animals and Time Budget in Loose and Free Stall Dairy Cattle Barns. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 23 47 27–37.
IEEE
[1]S. Uzal and N. Uğurlu, “The Effects of Seasons on The Area Usage of Animals and Time Budget in Loose and Free Stall Dairy Cattle Barns”, Selcuk J Agr Food Sci, vol. 23, no. 47, pp. 27–37, Apr. 2009, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA24HS95UW
ISNAD
Uzal, Selda - Uğurlu, Nuh. “The Effects of Seasons on The Area Usage of Animals and Time Budget in Loose and Free Stall Dairy Cattle Barns”. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 23/47 (April 1, 2009): 27-37. https://izlik.org/JA24HS95UW.
JAMA
1.Uzal S, Uğurlu N. The Effects of Seasons on The Area Usage of Animals and Time Budget in Loose and Free Stall Dairy Cattle Barns. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci. 2009;23:27–37.
MLA
Uzal, Selda, and Nuh Uğurlu. “The Effects of Seasons on The Area Usage of Animals and Time Budget in Loose and Free Stall Dairy Cattle Barns”. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, vol. 23, no. 47, Apr. 2009, pp. 27-37, https://izlik.org/JA24HS95UW.
Vancouver
1.Selda Uzal, Nuh Uğurlu. The Effects of Seasons on The Area Usage of Animals and Time Budget in Loose and Free Stall Dairy Cattle Barns. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci [Internet]. 2009 Apr. 1;23(47):27-3. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA24HS95UW